تاب آوری معیشتی سرپرستان نظام بهره برداری خانوادگی در برابر تغییرات اقلیمی (مطالعه موردی: گندمکاران ماهیدشت کرمانشاه)
Subject Areas : Farming Systemsروناک کاکه آذر 1 , حسین اگهی 2 , شهپر گراوندی 3
1 - کارشناس ارشد توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 - دانشیار و عضو هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
3 - استادیار و عضو هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
Keywords: تغییر اقلیم, تاب آوری معیشت, نظام بهرهبرداری خانوادگی,
Abstract :
بیش از 90 درصد نظام های بهرهبرداری کشاورزی در غرب ایران مبتنی بر نظام بهرهبرداری خانوادگی می باشند. از این رو، مردم روستایی در این منطقه برای امرار معاش خود به منابع کشاورزی ، سیستمهای دامداری و فعالیتهای غیرزراعی وابسته هستند که این امر آسیب پذیری آنها را در برابر تغییرات آب و هوایی افزایش داده است. این پژوهش با هدف اندازهگیری تابآوری معیشتی نظام بهرهبرداری خانوادگی در برابر تغییرات آب و هوایی در ماهیدشت انجام شده است. برای این منظور، یک مطالعه توصیفی پیمایشی مقطعی در سال 2018 انجام شد. در مجموع 338 کشاورز گندم کار براساس روش نمونه گیری تصادفی سیستماتیک برای مصاحبه انتخاب شدند. پرسشنامه پژوهش براساس مدل اسپرنزا ( Speranz) طراحی شد. پایایی پرسشنامه با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و کوهن کاپا تأیید شد. نتایج نشان داد که ظرفیت یادگیری در مقایسه با سایر مولفه های تابآوری معیشتی از وضعیت بهتری برخوردار می باشد. با این حال، کمتر از نیمی از شرکت کنندگان (44.51) از خود سازماندهی کافی برخوردار نبودند. بر اساس یافتهها، چارچوبی که برای اندازهگیری تابآوری معیشت پیشنهاد شده است، دیدگاه جامعی دارد و میتواند تمام جوانب تابآوری معیشتی را اندازهگیری کند. بنابراین، توصیه میشود از این چارچوب در تحقیقات مربوط به این حوزه استفاده شود. علاوه بر این، مشخص شد که تابآوری معیشتی در برابر تغییرات آب و هوایی تحت تأثیر جنسیت، وضعیت تأهل، سن و سطح تحصیلات میباشد. از این رو به برنامهریزان محلی و مقامات ذیربط توصیه میشود هنگام تهیه برنامههای تابآوری معیشتی در منطقه، این چارچوب را در نظر بگیرند و برنامههای خود را براساس آن طراحی کنند.
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