آیا پلیمر سوپر جاذب می تواند تحمل کم آبی گیاهان جوان مورد را بهبود بخشد؟
Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plantsسمیه اسماعیلی 1 , عباس دانایی فر 2
1 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
2 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
Keywords: فتوسنتز, نشاسته, مورد, کلمات کلیدی: A200 پلیمر, گیاهان چوبی,
Abstract :
کمبود آب یک مشکل جدی است که رشد، نمو و استقرار گیاهان جوان را تحت تأثیر قرار می دهد. پلیمرهای سوپرجاذب (SAPs) ظرفیت بسیار خوبی برای جذب و حفظ آب، افزایش رطوبت خاک و بهبود رشد گیاهان در شرایط کم آبی نشان داده‌اند. یک مطالعه گلخانه ای با سه رژیم آبیاری (50 درصد، 75 درصد و 100درصد ظرفیت زراعی (FC) و سه سطح SAP-A200 (0، 1 و 2 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل با چهار تکرار در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج، کمبود آب خاک بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاهان جوان مورد تأثیر گذاشت. کاهش قابل توجهی در شاخص‌های رشدی در تنش کم آبی (50 درصد FC) در مقایسه با گیاهان شاهد (100 درصد FC) مشاهده شد. پارامترهای فتوسنتزی، کلروفیل کل و محتوای نسبی آب (RWC) با افزایش تنش کم آبی کاهش یافت. در مقابل، میزان نشت یونی (EL)، مالون دی آلدئید (MDA)، قندهای محلول کل (TSS)، نشاسته و فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانت افزایش یافت. کاربرد مقادیر حداقل SAP (1 و 2 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) بیشتر این ویژگی‌ها را در هر دو شرایط آبیاری خوب و کم‌آبی بهبود بخشید، به نظر می رسد در شرایط تنش های کم آبی متوسط و شدید نیاز به میزان بالاتر از SAP باشد. با این وجود، می توان ازSAP-A200 به عنوان یک روش کارآمد و اقتصادی برای استقرار سریع گیاهان جوان چوبی در مناطق کم آب استفاده کرد.
Abedi Koupaei, J. and Asad Kazemi, K.J. 2006. Effects of a hydrophilic polymer on the field performance of an ornamental plant (Cupressus arizonica) under reduced irrigation regimes. Iranian Polymer Journal, 15(9): 715-737.
Anjum, S.A., Xie, X.Y., Wang, L.C., Saleem, M.F., Man, C. and Lei, W. 2011. Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(9): 2026-2032.
Anwar, S., Ahmed, N., Al Awwad, N., Ansari, S.Y. and Wagih, M. E. 2016. Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) oils. Chapter 66. In: Essential oils in food preservation flavor and safety. Academic Press, Pages 581-592.
Apostol, K.G., Jacobs, D. F. and Dumroese, R.K. 2009. Root desiccation and drought stress responses of bareroot Quercus rubra seedlings treated with a hydrophilic polymer root dip. Plant and Soil, 315: 29-240.
Arbona, V., Iglesias, D.J., Jacas, J., Primo-Millo, E., Talon, M. and Gómez-Cadenas, A. 2005. Hydrogel substrate amendment alleviates drought effects on young citrus plants. Plant and Soil, 270: 73-82.
Basak, H. 2020. The effects of super absorbent polymer application on the physiological and biochemical properties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants grown by soilless agriculture technique. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 18(4): 5907-5921.
Beniwal, R.S., Langenfeld-Heyser, R. and Polle, A. 2010. Ectomycorrhiza and hydrogel protect hybrid poplar from water deficit and unravel plastic responses of xylem anatomy. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 69(2): 189-197.
Czyczyło-Mysza, I. and Myśków, B. 2017. Analysis of the impact of drought on selected morphological, biochemical and physiological traits of rye inbred lines. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 39: 87-94.
Fallahi, H.R. and Kalantari, R.T., Aghhavani-Shajari, M. and Soltanzadeh, M.G. 2015. Effect of super absorbent polymer and irrigation deficit on water use efficiency, growth and yield of cotton. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 7(3): 338-344.
Ghoulam, C., Foursy, A. and Fares, K. 2002. Effects of salt stress on growth, inorganic ions and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in five sugar beet cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 47(1): 39-50.
Heath, R.L. and Parker, L. 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125(1): 189–198.
Hnilickova, H., Kraus, K., Vachova, P. and Hnilicka, F. 2021. Salinity stress affects photosynthesis, malondialdehyde formation, and proline content in Portulaca oleracea L. Plants, 10: 845. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10050845
Hüttermann, A., Zommorodi, M. and Reise, K. 1999. Addition of hydrogels to soil for prolonging the survival of Pinus halepensis seedlings subjected to drought. Soil and Tillage Research, 50(3-4): 295-304.
Irigoyen, J. J., Einerich, D. W. and Sánchez-Diaz, M.1992. Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativd) plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 84(1): 55-60.
Jamnicka, G., Ditmarova, L., Kurjak, D., Kmet, J., Psidova, E., Mackova, M., Goemoery, D. and Strelcova, K. 2013. The soil hydrogel improved photosynthetic performance of beech seedlings treated under drought. Plant, Soil and Environment, 59(10): 446- 451.
Kenway, E. R., Saad-Allah, K. and Hosny, A. 2018. Mitigation of drought stress on three summer crop species using the superabsorbent composite Gelatin-gp (AA-co-AM)/RH. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 49(22): 2828-2842.
Khodadadi Dehkordi, D. 2017. Effect of superabsorbent polymer on salt and drought resistance of Eucalyptus globules. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 15(4):1791-1802.
Krasensky, J. and Jonak, C. 2012. Drought, salt, and temperature stress-induced metabolic rearrangements and regulatory networks. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63(4): 1593-1608.
Lertsarawut, P., Rattanawongwiboon, T., Tangthong, T., Laksee, S., Kwamman, T., Phuttharak, B. and Hemvichian, K. 2021. Starch-based super water absorbent: A promising and sustainable way to increase survival rate of trees planted in arid areas. Polymers, 13(8): 1-15.
Li, J., Liu, L., Zhou, H. and Li, M. 2018. Improved viability of areca (Areca catechu L.) seedlings under drought stress using a superabsorbent polymer. HortScience, 53(12): 1872-1876.
Lichtenthaler, H.K. 1987. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. In: Methods in Enzymology. Academic Press, 148:350-382.
Liu, D., Wu, L., Naeem, M.S., Liu, H., Deng, X., Xu, L., Zhang, F. and Zhou, W. 2013. 5-Aminolevulinic acid enhances photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant system in oilseed rape under drought. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 35: 2747-2759.
Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M. and Bouhranmon, J. 1996. NaCl-induced senesce in leave of rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars difference in salinity resistance. Annals of Botany, 78(3): 389-398.
Marshall, J. D. 1986. Drought and shade interact to cause fine-root mortality in Douglas-fir seedlings. Plant and Soil, 91: 51-60.
M’barki, N., Aissaoui, F., Chehab, H., Dabbaghi, O., del Giudice, T., Boujnah, D. and Mechri, B. 2019. Cultivar dependent impact of soil amendment with water retaining polymer on olive (Olea europaea L.) under two water regimes. Agricultural Water Management, 216:70-75.
Nardini, A., Casolo, V., Dal, B. A., Savi, T., Stenni, B., Bertoncin, P., Zini, L. and Mcdowell, N.G. 2016. Rooting depth, water relations and non-structural carbohydrate dynamics in three woody angiosperms differentially affected by an extreme summer drought. Plant, Cell and Environment, 39(3): 618-627.
Okunlola, G.O., Olatunji, O.A., Akinwale, R.O., Tariq, A. and Adelusi, A.A. 2017. Physiological response of the three most cultivated pepper species (Capsicum spp.) in Africa to drought stress imposed at three stages of growth and development. Scientia Horticulturae, 224: 198-205.
Sánchez-Blanco, M.J., Ferrández, T., Morales, M.A., Morte, A. and Alarcón, J.J. 2004. Variations in water status, gas exchange, and growth in Rosmarinus officinalis plants infected with Glomus deserticola under drought conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161 (6): 675-682.
Siaut, M., Cuine, S., Cagnon, C., Fessler, B., Nguyen, M., Carrier, P., Beyly, A., Beisson, F., Triantaphylides, C., Li-Beisson, Y. and Peltier, G. 2011. Oil accumulation in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Characterization, variability between common laboratory strains and relationship with starch reserves. BMC Biotechnology, 11(1):1-15.
Skirycz, A., De Bodt, S., Obata, T., De Clercq, I., Claeys, H., De Rycke, R. and Inze, D. 2010. Developmental stage specificity and the role of mitochondrial metabolism in the response of Arabidopsis leaves to prolonged mild osmotic stress. Plant Physiology, 152(1): 226-244.
Su, L.Q., Li, J.G., Xue, H. and Wang, X.F. 2017. Super absorbent polymer seed coatings promote seed germination and seedling growth of Caragana korshinskii in drought. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B, 18(8): 696-706.
Thalmann, M. and Santelia, D. 2017. Starch as a determinant of plant fitness under abiotic stress. New Phytologist, 214(3): 943-951.
Tomášková, I., Svatoš, M., Macků, J., Vanická, H., Resnerová, K., Čepl, J. and Dohrenbusch, A. 2020. Effect of different soil treatments with hydrogel on the performance of drought-sensitive and tolerant tree species in a semi-arid region. Forests, 11 (2): 1-15.
Tongo, A., Mahdavi, A. and Sayad, E. 2014. Effect of superabsorbent polymer aquasorb on chlorophyll, antioxidant enzymes and some growth characteristics of Acacia victoriae seedlings under drought stress. Ecopersia, 2(2): 571-583.
Yang, F., Cen, R., Feng, W., Liu, J., Qu, Z. and Miao, Q. 2020. Effects of super-absorbent polymer on soil remediation and crop growth in arid and semi-arid areas. Sustainability, 12(18): 1-13.
