بررسی چندشکلی ژن‌های GDF9 و BMP15 در گوسفند مهربان برای یافتن جهش‌های تأثیرگذار روی پروتیئن

Subject Areas : Camel

ا. احمدی ¹ , ف. افراز ² , ر. طالبی ³ , ع. فرح‌آور ⁴ , س.م.ف. وحیدی ⁵

1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 - Department of Genomics and Animal, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute (ABRI), North branch, Rasht, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
5 - Department of Genomics and Animal, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute (ABRI), North branch, Rasht, Iran

Received: 2016-04-03 Accepted : 2016-08-31 Published : 2016-12-01

Keywords: گوسفند, &lt, i&gt, BMP15&lt, /i&gt, , &lt, i&gt, GDF9&lt, /i&gt, , اندرکنش فیزیکی, واریانت, ساختار پروتئین,

Abstract :

بهره­گیری از ژن­های عمده­ باروری از قبیل GDF9 و BMP15 به بهبود صفات تولیدمثلی در برنامه­های اصلاح نژادی گوسفند کمک شایانی خواهد نمود. به منظور ارزیابی جهش­های نقطه­ای بر روی عملکرد پروتئین، چندشکلی ژن­های GDF9 و BMP15 بر روی 12 گوسفند مهربان به وسیله توالی یابی DNA و مدل­سازی ساختار پروتئین بررسی شد. تعداد شش چندشکلی تک نوکلئوتیدی شناخته شده به عنوان جهش­های FecG (G1-G6) در اگزون شماره 1 و 2 ژن GDF9 یافت شد. از میان چندشکلی­های یافت شده، جهش G1 (GDF9 exon1 g.2118 G>A)، G1 (GDF9 exon1 g.2118 G>A) و G6 (GDF9 exon 2 g.3974 G>A) ، جایگزینی اسید­آمینه را در ساختار پروتئین نشان داده­اند. هیچ چندشکلی در اگزون 1 و 2 ژن BMP15 یافت نشد. بر اساس چندشکلی­های شناسایی شده، افراد به سه دسته هاپلوتایپی از قبیل هاپلوتایپ وحشی (بدون جهش)، هاپلوتایپ A (جهش­های همزمان G1، G2، G3 و G4) و هاپلوتایپ B (جهش­های همزمان G5 و G6) تقسیم­بندی شدند. ساختار سه بُعدی پروتئین GDF9 در هاپلوتایپ A و B به ترتیب یک چرخش 90 و 45 درجه­ای را نسبت به هاپلوتایپ نوع وحشی نشان داد. واریانتهای G1/p.Arg87His، G4/p.Glu241Lysو G6/p.Val332Ile بر روی پروتئین بی­تأثیر بودند. در حالیکه دو جهشG7/p.Val371Met  وG8/p.Ser315Phe به احتمال زیاد تأثیرات مخرب بر روی پروتئین داشتند. بر اساس آنالیز درخت تکامل ژن GDF9، افراد هاپلوتایپ A و B به ترتیب به ارزش خود راه اندازی 63 و 76 از هاپلوتایپ نوع وحشی فاصله داشتند. در نتیجه، پروتین GDF9 در افراد هاپلوتایپ نوع A و B به دلیل اثرات سینرژیسم جهش­های همزمان عملکرد بالاتری را نسبت به افراد هاپلوتایپ نوع وحشی نشان می­دهد. این نوع جهش­ها با تأثیر بر روی مارپیچ و چرخش­های پروتئین GDF9 در نواحی حفاظتی، منجر به اندرکنش فیزیکی پروتئین GDF9 با پروتئین­های فاکتور تبدیل کننده رشد بتا (TGFβ) می­شوند.

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