اثر دانه آسیاب شده یا کامل گندم و تریتیکاله بر عملکرد تولیدی، صفات کیفی تخم مرغ، ویژگی های دستگاه گوارش و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی در بلدرچین‌های ژاپنی تخمگذار

Subject Areas : Camel

ن. بختیاری معز ¹ , س. میرزایی گودرزی ² , ع.ا. ساکی ³ , ا. احمدی ⁴

1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

Received: 2019-05-31 Accepted : 2019-10-15 Published : 2020-06-01

Keywords: عملکرد, قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی, بلدرچین تخمگذار, منبع غله, دانه کامل,

Abstract :

این مطالعه به ­منظور بررسی اثر دانه آسیاب­ شده یا کامل گندم و تریتیکاله بر عملکرد تولیدی، صفات کیفی تخم ­مرغ، ویژگی­ های دستگاه گوارش و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی در بلدرچین ­های ژاپنی تخمگذار انجام شد. مجموعاً تعداد 210 قطعه بلدرچین ژاپنی تخمگذار از سن 18 تا 26 هفتگی در این آزمایش استفاده شد. آزمایش به ­صورت فاکتوریل  1+ 2 × 2 شامل پنج تیمار طراحی شد: 1) جیره شاهد بر اساس ذرت-کنجاله سویا، 2) دو نوع غله (گندم و ترتیکاله)، 3) دو شکل فیزیکی غله (دانه آسیاب­شده و کامل). هر تیمار شامل شش تکرار و هر واحد آزمایشی شامل قفس با هفت پرنده بود. درصد تولید، وزن تخم ­مرغ، توده تخم ­مرغ و ضریب تبدیل خوراک تحت تأثیر منبع غله قرار نگرفتند به استثنای میانگین خوراک مصرفی روزانه که فقط با تغذیه تریتیکاله کاهش یافت (P=0513). میانگین خوراک مصرفی روزانه و درصد تولید در گروه تغذیه­ شده با دانه کامل در مقایسه با گروه دریافت­ کننده دانه آسیاب ­شده بالاتر بود (p < 0.05). رنگ زرده تخم ­مرغ در گروه­ های تغذیه­ شده با گندم و تریتیکاله در مقایسه با گروه شاهد کاهش یافت (p < 0.05). وزن نسبی کبد، پیش معده، لوزالمعده، سنگدان و روده کور تحت تأثیر گروه ­های آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. تغذیه دانه کامل نسبت به شکل آسیاب­ شده باعث افزایش اسیدیته ژژنوم (P=0.0014)، روده کور (p < 0.05) و ویسکوزیته روده باریک (p < 0.001) شد. تغذیه تریتیکاله در مقایسه با گندم باعث کاهش قابلیت هضم ماده خشک (p < 0.01) و انرژی قابل سوخت ­و ­ساز ظاهری تصحیح ­شده براساس نیتروژن (p < 0.05) شد. به ­طور کلی، استفاده از دانه آسیاب ­شده تریتیکاله در جیره بر مصرف خوراک، درصد تولید و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی اثر منفی داشت ولی تغذیه دانه کامل غلات باعث بهبود عملکرد تولیدی و قابلیت هضم ماده خشک در بلدرچین­ های تخمگذار شد.

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