برآورد ضریب همخونی براساس اطلاعات شجره‌ای و نشانگرهای ریزماهواره‌ای و تأثیر آن بر صفات اقتصادی در گوسفند کردی شیروان
Subject Areas : Camel
س.
نقویان
1
(Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran)
س.
حسنی
2
(Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran)
م.
آهنی آذری
3
(Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran)
ع.ر.
خان احمدی
4
(Department of Animal Science, Gonbad University, Gonbad, Iran)
د.ع.
ساقی
5
(Mashad Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Mashad, Iran)
ن.
مامیزاده
6
(Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran)
Keywords: گوسفند, نشانگرهای ژنتیکی, صفات رشد, همخونی,
Abstract :
در این پژوه، میزان همخونی 7170 رأس بره حاصل از 177 قوچ و 2182 میش که در طی سال‌های 1388-1368 از گله گوسفند کردی ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاح­نژاد شیروان جمع‌آوری شده ­بود، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اثر همخونی بر صفات مورد مطالعه با مدل حیوانی که در آن ضریب همخونی حیوان به­ عنوان متغیر کمکی در نظر گرفته شده ­بود، بررسی شد. میانگین ضریب همخونی بر اساس سال پایه 1368، 668/0 درصد برآورد شد. میانگین کم ضریب همخونی در گله را میتوان به ساختار پرورش ایستگاه و تلاش مسئولین ایستگاه برای کنترل همخونی و جلوگیری از آمیزش‌‌های خویشاوندی نسبت داد. از کل شجره تحت مطالعه 3/23 درصد حیوانات، همخون بودند و میانگین ضریب همخونی آنها 87/2 درصد بود. از 1668 رأس حیوان همخون، 823 رأس نر و 845 رأس ماده بودند و میانگین ضریب همخونی آنها به­ترتیب 81/2 و 93/2 درصد بود. برآورد ضریب همخونی در جمعیت گوسفند کردی با استفاده از 6 جایگاه ریزماهواره‌ای (BM8125، BMS2361، BM6526، BM6438، BMS1004 و BM6444) و 100 نمونه خون انجام گرفت. ضریب همخونی بر اساس شاخص رایت (FIS) در جمعیت گوسفندان کردی ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاح نژاد شیروان، از 1859/0- برای جایگاه BM6526 تا 3329/0 در جایگاه BM6438 متغیر بود. در جایگاه‌های BM6438 و BM6444 مقدار شاخص FIS، مثبت بود و به­ترتیب 3329/0 و 2287/0 برآورد شد و برای سایر جایگاه­ها منفی بود. میانگین ضریب همخونی بر اساس داده‌های مولکولی، 2617/0 درصد به دست آمد. صفات وزن‌های تولد، شیرگیری، شش ماهگی، نه ماهگی، یک سالگی، تولید پشم سالیانه (در اولین پشم­چینی) و تعداد بره‌ها در هر زایش میش (اولین زایش) به ­ازای افزایش یک درصد همخونی به ترتیب 0131/0-، 0795/0، 0013/0، 0653/0-، 0921/0- و 0083/0 کیلوگرم و 023/0- رأس تغییر نمودند.
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