برآورد ضریب همخونی براساس اطلاعات شجره‌ای و نشانگرهای ریزماهواره‌ای و تأثیر آن بر صفات اقتصادی در گوسفند کردی شیروان
Subject Areas : Camelس. نقویان 1 , س. حسنی 2 , م. آهنی آذری 3 , ع.ر. خان احمدی 4 , د.ع. ساقی 5 , ن. مامیزاده 6
1 - Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Gonbad University, Gonbad, Iran
5 - Mashad Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Mashad, Iran
6 - Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Keywords: گوسفند, نشانگرهای ژنتیکی, صفات رشد, همخونی,
Abstract :
در این پژوه، میزان همخونی 7170 رأس بره حاصل از 177 قوچ و 2182 میش که در طی سال‌های 1388-1368 از گله گوسفند کردی ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاحنژاد شیروان جمع‌آوری شده بود، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اثر همخونی بر صفات مورد مطالعه با مدل حیوانی که در آن ضریب همخونی حیوان به عنوان متغیر کمکی در نظر گرفته شده بود، بررسی شد. میانگین ضریب همخونی بر اساس سال پایه 1368، 668/0 درصد برآورد شد. میانگین کم ضریب همخونی در گله را میتوان به ساختار پرورش ایستگاه و تلاش مسئولین ایستگاه برای کنترل همخونی و جلوگیری از آمیزش‌‌های خویشاوندی نسبت داد. از کل شجره تحت مطالعه 3/23 درصد حیوانات، همخون بودند و میانگین ضریب همخونی آنها 87/2 درصد بود. از 1668 رأس حیوان همخون، 823 رأس نر و 845 رأس ماده بودند و میانگین ضریب همخونی آنها بهترتیب 81/2 و 93/2 درصد بود. برآورد ضریب همخونی در جمعیت گوسفند کردی با استفاده از 6 جایگاه ریزماهواره‌ای (BM8125، BMS2361، BM6526، BM6438، BMS1004 و BM6444) و 100 نمونه خون انجام گرفت. ضریب همخونی بر اساس شاخص رایت (FIS) در جمعیت گوسفندان کردی ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاح نژاد شیروان، از 1859/0- برای جایگاه BM6526 تا 3329/0 در جایگاه BM6438 متغیر بود. در جایگاه‌های BM6438 و BM6444 مقدار شاخص FIS، مثبت بود و بهترتیب 3329/0 و 2287/0 برآورد شد و برای سایر جایگاهها منفی بود. میانگین ضریب همخونی بر اساس داده‌های مولکولی، 2617/0 درصد به دست آمد. صفات وزن‌های تولد، شیرگیری، شش ماهگی، نه ماهگی، یک سالگی، تولید پشم سالیانه (در اولین پشمچینی) و تعداد بره‌ها در هر زایش میش (اولین زایش) به ازای افزایش یک درصد همخونی به ترتیب 0131/0-، 0795/0، 0013/0، 0653/0-، 0921/0- و 0083/0 کیلوگرم و 023/0- رأس تغییر نمودند.
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