تنظیم رشد و توسعه فولیکولی در گوسفند
Subject Areas : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Selçuk University, 42075, Konya, Turkey
Keywords: رشد, گوسفند, تخمدان, آترزی, فولیکول,
Abstract :
این مقاله دانش مربوط به فولیکولوژنز در گوسفند را بررسی می‌کند. فولیکولوژنز که با تشکیل فولیکول‌های اولیه قبل از تولد شروع می‌شود، به عنوان یک مخزن شامل تعداد معینی از فولیکول‌ها معرفی می‌شود. با رسیدن به بلوغ، گروهی از فولیکول از آن مخزن شروع به رشد می‌کنند، فرایندی که به عنوان فعال شدن فولیکول اولیه و یا تجدید شناخته می‌شود. تعداد فولیکول‌های اولیه در حال رشد به طور مستقیم بر تعداد اووسیت‌های موجود برای باروری تأثیر می‌گذارد. مطالعات بسیاری، به ویژه در جوندگان، برای درک سازوکار‌هایی که کنترل‌کننده رشد فولیکول اولیه هستند انجام شده است. بنابراین، بسیاری از عوامل اتوکرین، پاراکرین، اینتاکرین از تخمک، گرانولوزا و استرومای اطراف آن شناسایی شده است. این عوامل تنظیم به گونه، سن، وضعیت فیزیولوژیکی گناد و محیط بستگی دارد. همچنین، اثر متقابل بین این عوامل تنظیمی مشاهده شده است و اختلافاتی نیز در میان نتایج وجود دارد. عوامل تنظیم‌کننده فعالیت فولیکول اولیه، احتمالا همراه با گنادوتروپین‌ها عمل کرده و رشد فولیکول و آترزی قبل از تشکیل آنتروم را تنظیم می‌کنند. اگر‌چه بسیاری از مطالعات به درک سازوکار‌های کنترل رشد فولیکول پره آنترال انجام شده است، نکات کلیدی دقیقی مشخص نشده است. اکثر عوامل مؤثر بر انتقال فولیکول اولیه هنوز در گوسفند مورد مطالعه قرار نگرفته است. البته مطالعات زیادی برای درک سازوکار‌های کنترل رشد فولیکولی از طریق مراحل آنترال انجام شده است بنابراین، مطالعات تجربی جدیدی برای درک سازوکار‌های کنترل‌کننده رشد فولیکول پره آنترال لازم است.
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