Journal of Water Science & Engineering: 5 (18)

Open Access Article

1 - Study of Different Utilization of Arak Urban Wastewater Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process
رضا جعفری نیا جواد وروانی مهدی فولادی پناه

The water crisis in arid and semi-arid areas causes more integrated studies regarding the utilization of urban wastewater. In this research, the analytic hierarchy process was conducted in 2014 according to the relative weight of criteria resulted from a questionnaire a More

The water crisis in arid and semi-arid areas causes more integrated studies regarding the utilization of urban wastewater. In this research, the analytic hierarchy process was conducted in 2014 according to the relative weight of criteria resulted from a questionnaire and a primary normal matrix. The results showed that the criteria including the quality of wastewater and benefit per cost were the most restrictive criteria that have the highest relative weight percentage as much as 22 and 21.5%, respectively. The other criteria were the public acceptance, government’s supportive policies potential of the area, and distance of feeding area with the water treatment plant with a percentage as much as 20.2, 14.6, 11.5, and 10.4%, respectively. The agricultural lands irrigation with the highest rank as much as 27.5% was preferred, which indicates that the use of Arak urban wastewater should be prioritized for agricultural irrigation. The second alternative is related to the rehabilitation and development of marginal pasture of Meighan Desert with a preference as much as 20% as the next priority. In addition, other utilization alternatives were the timberland and Greenwood, recharge of groundwater, and industry with a percentage as much as 18.7, 17.8, and 15.9%, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Numerical study of soil dynamic compaction using ABAQUS model
متین هواخور مرتضی بختیاری

One of the most important methods of soil compaction is dynamic compaction, which is one of the oldest and economical methods of soil improvement up to great depths. This method is applied due to its many benefits, including its economic procedure to correct many kinds More

One of the most important methods of soil compaction is dynamic compaction, which is one of the oldest and economical methods of soil improvement up to great depths. This method is applied due to its many benefits, including its economic procedure to correct many kinds of soil. One of the most important issues that affect soil improvement methods is being economic. The three main methods of using piles, chemical modification, use of Menard density and vibrating tools are used for soil compaction at the time of presentation of an improvement project. The Menard method due to its much lower cost is more widely used than other methods. Considering the importance of the economy factor in the country's development projects, the need for 3D simulation and the ability of ABAQUS software to deliver the results of this research to a numerical model that can be used in civil engineering projects is becoming more important. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the numerical modeling of dynamic compaction using finite element method and using ABAQUS software to improve the foundation by changing to height and weight of the compactor through Menard method for three cities of Ahvaz, Abadan, and Mahshahr. The results showed that the increase in the height of the fall resulted in an increase in the depth of the impact for all three categories with different weights of compactor. In addition, the depth difference was less affected in the high weights, which shows that the only weight increase of the compactor cannot be a factor in increasing the effect of soil compaction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Investigating the Effect of Rainfall Spatial Distribution on Flood in Bakhtiari Dam Basin Using HEC-HMS
علیرضا نیکبخت شهبازی

The disparate spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall in the country and climate variation sometimes leads to rivers flooding and large flood events, which are remarkable for life and financial losses. Flood control design requires accurate knowledge of the flood More

The disparate spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall in the country and climate variation sometimes leads to rivers flooding and large flood events, which are remarkable for life and financial losses. Flood control design requires accurate knowledge of the flood generator basin, especially smaller ones, in large basins. Determining the potential of flood generation to specify the quantitative contribution of each subbasin to the downstream flood generation can be used to determine the index called the flood index of each subbasin. In this research, the effect of rainfall spatial distribution of critical rainfall on the flood potential of the Bakhtiari dam basin was analyzed using HEC-HMS model. The results showed that the effect of spatial distribution of rainfall on the flood index is significant, especially when faced with larger events with more subbasins with more area. On the other hand, the priority of participation of each subbasin in routing on the peak discharge from the basin and eventually on the flood index will be effective. Increasing the depth of rainfall in subbasins with less time of concentration has more effect on the flood index. Different spatial distributions have less effect on flood index in subbasins with the higher time of concentration and area. The results also showed that if the effect of the spatial distribution was not considered, the flood index decreases with increasing the subbasin area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Investigating the effect of climate change on Increasing thetemperature and potential evapotranspiration using SDSM model in Ahvaz city
الهه ذرتی‌پور امیر سلطانی محمدی فاطمه برادران

Climate change due to increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases (especially CO2) in the atmosphere causes changes in the rainfall regime, runoff rate, wind speed and solar radiation of atmosphere. In the present research, the maximum and minimum temperature param More

Climate change due to increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases (especially CO2) in the atmosphere causes changes in the rainfall regime, runoff rate, wind speed and solar radiation of atmosphere. In the present research, the maximum and minimum temperature parameters were simulated during the base period of 1979-2088 and two future periods of 1979-2070 and 2070-2090 using daily weather data of Ahvaz synoptic station and Hadcm3 model data, under A2 and B2 scenarios The determination of coefficient (R2) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the ability of the model to simulate climatic parameters. In addition, potential evapotranspiration (ETp) values were calculated and predicted for the aforementioned periods with the Hargreaves-Sammani method. The results showed that the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and potential evapotranspiration would increase under scenario A2 and B2 at Ahvaz station in the future. The maximum and minimum temperatures for the future period (2020-2049) were 33.47 and 19.042 oC under scenario A2, 33.49 and 19.036 oC under scenario B2 and for the future period (2070-2099) were 34.13 and 19.95 oC under A2 scenario and 33.80 and 19.95 oC under scenario B2. The average of potential evapotranspiration simulated for the future period (2020-2049) was as much as 10.97 and 10.95 mm per day under the scenario A2 and B2 and this amount for the future period (2070-2099) was as much as equal to 11.33 and 11.26 mm per day under scenario A2 and B2. The highest increase for all three periods and under both scenarios was observed in June. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Survey of Virtual Water Trade and its Impact on Water Productivity in the Shoshtar MianAb irrigation and Drainage Network
افشان فارغ زاده اصلان اگدرنژاد

Water is the first and foremost limiting factor for agricultural production, and undoubtedly, water crisis is considered as one of the international challenges for governments and human societies. Given that virtual water was first used as a way to tackle water scarcity More

Water is the first and foremost limiting factor for agricultural production, and undoubtedly, water crisis is considered as one of the international challenges for governments and human societies. Given that virtual water was first used as a way to tackle water scarcity in countries with limited water resources, so that countries with low water should import food from abundant countries to save on limited resources. Therefore, virtual water can nevertheless be used in low water countries such as Iran, so that it can be considered as a way to reduce pressure on water resources. Therefore, considering the above mentioned issues, considering virtual water as a way to manage water consumption in critical depressions may be necessary. The purpose of this study is to calculate the virtual water consumption of agricultural products. After identification of the virtual water and its estimation, export, import and net exports of virtual water exchange, productivity, intensity of water consumption in the region and dependence or self-sufficiency of the region to Water requirements have been investigated. The products studied in this study were vegetables containing cucumber and tomatoes, which required information from 2012 to 2017. The results showed that vegetable products are low-energy products with high water productivity and virtual water exports are higher than virtual water imports and the net flow of water for the exchange of water is -7838.32 cubic meters per hectare. Also, the intensity of water dependency in the research area is increasing during the growing season and is generally self-sufficient in terms of supplying the water needed for agricultural production (cucumber and tomato). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Evaluation of monthly gridded precipitation data products ERA-Interim, PERSIANN-CDR, PERSIANN-CCS and CRU over Khuzestan province
رضا کوچکی علی شهبازی خیرالله خادمی

Deficiency and inappropriate distribution of reengage station is one of challenges faced by researchers in hydrology and climate science. In this research, evaluate the applicability of four gridded precipitation data products ERA-Interim, PERSIANN-CDR, PERSIANN-CCS and More

Deficiency and inappropriate distribution of reengage station is one of challenges faced by researchers in hydrology and climate science. In this research, evaluate the applicability of four gridded precipitation data products ERA-Interim, PERSIANN-CDR, PERSIANN-CCS and CRU as a supplement or substitute for ground data in a monthly time scales. This assessment was done by comparison with observational data and statistical methods. To evaluate the ability of precipitation estimation of these four product used Pearson correlation coefficient (CORR), bias (BIAS), Mean AbsoluteError (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Normalized Mean Square Error (NRMSE) and model efficiency coefficient (EF). This statistical index extracted as zoning and map for the province. The result showed that ERA-Interim, PERSIANN-CDR and CRU products are in good agreement with observational data, and the monthly precipitation trend is estimated by little error, while PERSIANN-CCS was unsuccessful in estimating precipitation in the province and has poor reliability. In some parts of the province, the PERSIANN-CDR had a high reliability, but in total, the lowest error range and the highest reliability were obtained from the four satellite data sources for ERA-Interim precipitation and in case of shortage it can be used as an auxiliary or alternative data source. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Effectiveness of Genetic Planning Model in rainfall-runoff Simulation process
حمیدرضا باباعلی زهره رامک رضا سپهوند

The prediction of river, s discharge rate is one of the important issues in water resources engineering. This issue is very important for the planning, management, and policy making in water resources management, especially in the country like Iran, with limited water r More

The prediction of river, s discharge rate is one of the important issues in water resources engineering. This issue is very important for the planning, management, and policy making in water resources management, especially in the country like Iran, with limited water resources in line the economic and environmental development. Awareness of how the relationship between rainfall and runoff in catchments is an inseparable part of water studies. Absence of sufficient rainfall - runoff data due to the lack of appropriate hydrometric stations, reveals the importance of using indirect methods and evolutionary algorithms to predict the discharge of catchment areas more than before. In this research, a genetic programming model has been used to simulate rainfall-runoff process in the Khorramabad river basin. The result of this study suggests a genetic programming model in an explicit and accurate way to predict the flow of rivers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Statistical Analysis and Modeling (Forecasting) of the Temperature Time Series of Ahvaz Metropolis
کاظم حمادی لیلا نوذریان

Forecasting of temperature and precipitation can be efficiently used in decision making and optimal use of water resources. Studies in Iran have indicated a significant increase in annual temperature. This issue should be further researched in the Ahvaz region because i More

Forecasting of temperature and precipitation can be efficiently used in decision making and optimal use of water resources. Studies in Iran have indicated a significant increase in annual temperature. This issue should be further researched in the Ahvaz region because it is the population hub in the southwest of Iran and the pole of irrigation networks and traditional agricultural land with huge number of oil, petrochemical, steel, and electricity industries. The present study aimed to analyze the time series of annual temperature of Ahvaz in order to determine the components of time series and especially to clarify the component of share rate trend and their variations. The condition of the next 58 years was then predicted and simulated in this study using the theory of stochastic time series along with the ratio trend. Results indicated that the temperature had an increasing trend equal to 3.81 °C/100 year. Manuscript profile

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