فهرس المقالات faeces

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  1 - Developing a Modified <i>in vitro</i> Gas Production Technique to Replace the Nylon Bag Method of Evaluating Protein Degradation of Alfalfa Hay in Ruminants
  ا. آقاجانزاده گلشنی ن. ماهری سیس ر. سلامت دوست نوبر ی. ابراهیم نژاد ا. قربانی
  The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using a modified in vitro gas production technique in place of the nylon bag method to estimate protein degradability of alfalfa hay in ruminants. In the in situ experiment dacron bags were filled with 3 أکثر

  The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using a modified in vitro gas production technique in place of the nylon bag method to estimate protein degradability of alfalfa hay in ruminants. In the in situ experiment dacron bags were filled with 3 g alfalfa hay. This was incubated in the rumen of three ruminally cannulated Ghezel rams for the periods of 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36 and 48 h. At the end of the experiment, dry matter, organic matter and crude protein degradability (CPD) were calculated. In the in vitro experiment, buffered rumen fluid was prepared in a solution of 19:1 artificial saliva to rumen fluid, which was pre-incubated by rapidly fermentable carbohydrates for 4 h. After pre-incubation, 30 mL of the buffered rumen fluid were added to 100 mL syringes, containing the alfalfa sample, with 7.5 mg N. The samples were incubated for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours, after which net gas production was computed. In the third experiment, 25 grams of faeces were mixed with 50 mL of artificial saliva, which was then made up to 1 liter by adding more artificial saliva and filtered. Then, the suspension was pre-incubated for 4 h. After pre-incubation, the same steps used to measure gas production were conducted. Results showed that there were significant differences between gas production with rumen liquor and faeces suspension at 2, 4, 24, 36 and 48 h of incubation, while no significant differences were found at other incubation times. There was a close relationship between crude protein degradation at different times and amount of gas production using rumen liquor [CPD= 58.93 + 0.32 gas (r2=0.76, n=18)] and fecal suspension [CPD= 58.38 + 0.27 gas (r2=0.60, n=18)]. The results indicated that faeces suspension can be used instead of rumen liquor as the medium in the gas production method. Development of the gas production technique could result in reducing the need to use fistulated animals in feed evaluation studies. تفاصيل المقالة
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  2 - Plantain Ash Enhances Dietary Mineral Elements Absorption in Pullets
  آی.سی. اوکلی سی.ام. نوگو آی.اف. اُتوک آ.آ. اُمد آی.پی. اوگبوو اِن.اُ. آلادی وی.ام.اُ. اُکرُ ام.ان. اُپارا سی. اِزما ام.سی. یوچگبو بی.یو. اِکنیم جی.آ. آنیانو ان.جی. اُکیودو آ.بی.آی. یوددیبی اف.ان. مادوبویک
  Generally, only a fraction of the mineral ingested by an animal is effectively absorbed, while most are bound to other components such as fibre and then excreted. In this study, faecal mineral composition differentials were used as indicators of mineral uptake by pullet أکثر

  Generally, only a fraction of the mineral ingested by an animal is effectively absorbed, while most are bound to other components such as fibre and then excreted. In this study, faecal mineral composition differentials were used as indicators of mineral uptake by pullets supplemented varying levels of plantain ash in their daily rations for nine weeks. Plantain stalk and root base samples were collected, sun dried and ashed to produce plantain stalk ash (PSA) and root base ash (PRA), respectively. Ninety six (96) day old Isa Brown pullets were reared to 15 weeks of age and thereafter divided into 2 major groups of 48 birds each. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups of 12 birds each and each subgroup divided into three replicates giving four birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The PSA and PRA were fed to the pullets as mineral supplements to commercial grower from the 15th to 18th week (4 wk) and layer mashes from the 19th to 24th week (6 wk) at the rate 0, 1, 2 and 3 g per kg body weight so that one group received PSA and the other PRA. In each case, the zero supplementation served as control. At the 9th week of feeding, faecal samples were collected from the groups, dried in the sun and analyzed for their mineral compositions by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Among the macro minerals, both PSA and PRA supplementation resulted in reductions in the faecal concentrations of K and Mg, with increasing supplementation level, resulting in further reduction of faecal content of these minerals. Mg showed highly significant (P&lt;0.05, P&lt;0.01) regression effects for PSA and PRA, respectively. Reductions in faecal Ni and Fe concentrations were high (47.62 and 79.19%) across 1 g/kg body weight (BW) PSA and PRA supplementations, while it was 83.33% for Mn at the same 1 g/kg BW PRA supplementation. Ni (PSA) and Cr (PSA and PRA) values were significant (P&lt;0.10) for regression effects, implying that the faecal values of these minerals could be predicted from any given quantity of plantain ash using the regression equations. PRA supplementations resulted in increasing faecal content of the two heavy metals, that is, lead and cadmium, indicating selective poor intestinal absorption of these. Plantain ash could serve as potential sources of absorbable mineral supplements and also could improve mineral uptake from commercial diets offered to pullets. تفاصيل المقالة
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  3 - مقایسه کارآیی جمعیت میکروبی شکمبه و مدفوع گوسفند در برآورد ارزش غذایی دانه‌های ذرت و سورگوم با استفاده از روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی
  ابوالفضل آقاجانزاده گلشنی ناصر ماهری سیس رامین سلامت دوست نوبر یحیی ابراهیم نژاد ابوالفضل قربانی
  10.22034/ascij.2021.687835
  هدف از این پژوهش بررسی کارآیی تخمیر میکروارگانیسم‌های مدفوع در مقایسه با میکروارگانیسم‌های شیرابه شکمبه برای برآورد ارزش غذایی دانه های ذرت و سورگوم در نشخوارکنندگان با روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی است. برای انجام آزمایش تولید گاز با استفاده از دو روش شیرابه شکمبه و سوسپانس أکثر

  هدف از این پژوهش بررسی کارآیی تخمیر میکروارگانیسم‌های مدفوع در مقایسه با میکروارگانیسم‌های شیرابه شکمبه برای برآورد ارزش غذایی دانه های ذرت و سورگوم در نشخوارکنندگان با روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی است. برای انجام آزمایش تولید گاز با استفاده از دو روش شیرابه شکمبه و سوسپانسیون مدفوع؛ لیکور شکمبه و سوسپانسیون مدفوع از سه رأس گوسفند فیستوله‌‌شده توده قزل اخذ شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که در مواد خوراکی مورد آزمایش، تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر تولید گاز در زمان‌های مختلف انکوباسیون بین دو روش یاد شده وجود نداشت. از نظر حجم گاز حاصل از بخش قابل تخمیر (A) برای دانه ذرت بین روش‌های مورد آزمایش اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد، اما مقدار این فراسنجه در دانه سورگوم با روش سوسپانسیون مدفوع به طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از روش شیرابه شکمبه بود (05/0p &lt;). مقادیر انرژی قابل متابولیسم، انرژی خالص شیردهی، قابلیت هضم ماده آلی و اسیدهای چرب زنجیر کوتاه برآورد شده مواد خوراکی مورد آزمایش از روی مقدار تولید گاز با استفاده از شیرابه شکمبه و سوسپانسیون مدفوع تفاوت معنی‌داری با هم نداشتند. مقدار گاز تولیدی در روش شیرابه شکمبه از روی مقدار گاز تولیدی با روش سوسپانسیون مدفوع برای دانه سورگوم و دانه ذرت با استفاده از معادلات رگرسیونی حاصل از نتایج این تحقیق به ترتیب (6353/1-X 8929/0=Ysorghum و 4097/3- X 9657/0=Ycorn) قابل برآورد است. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش به نظر می‌رسد سوسپانسیون مدفوع، جایگزین مناسبی برای شیرابه شکمبه در روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی جهت ارزشیابی مواد خوراکی نشخوارکنندگان می‌باشد. تفاصيل المقالة