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حرية الوصول المقاله
1 - Investigation Germination Characteristics of Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L., cv. Chamran) in Response to Seed Aging
Razieh Danaiee Far Mehran SharafizadeBACKGROUND: Seed aging is an important problem in developing countries which seeds stored in inappropriate condition. OBJECTIVES: Current research was carried out to study the effect of seed aging on quantitative parameters of wheat seeds (Chamran cultivar). METHODS: Ex أکثرBACKGROUND: Seed aging is an important problem in developing countries which seeds stored in inappropriate condition. OBJECTIVES: Current research was carried out to study the effect of seed aging on quantitative parameters of wheat seeds (Chamran cultivar). METHODS: Experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Treatment included seed aging factor at five levels (a1: zero or control, a2: 48, a3: 72, a4: 96, a5: 110 hr). RESULT: According to result of analysis of variance effect of different levels of seed aging on measured traits in the laboratory including the index of seedling emergence, mean daily germination, daily germination speed, seedling vigor, radicle length, plumule length, and seedling dry weight was not significant, but the effect of treatment on mean time for germination and coefficient velocity of germination was significant at 1% probability level. Mean comparison result of different level of seed aging indicated that the longest mean time of germination was related to the aging level of 110 hr (3.72) and the lowest one belonged to control treatment with aging level of 0 hr (3.25). Also the highest mean daily germination belonged to 100 hr seed aging level (10.55) and the lowest one belonged to the control treatment with 0 hr of aging (9.65). Moreover, the maximum and minimum amount of coefficient velocity of germination belonged to control (0.85) and treatment with 110 hr aging (0.55), respectively. CONCLUSION: Seed aging had significant effect on physiological indices especially on the mean time of germination and coefficient velocity of germination. Also temperature and duration of aging were the most important factors that affecting the occurrence and development of seed aging. Therefore, aging development by increasing temperature and its duration was predictable. تفاصيل المقالة -
حرية الوصول المقاله
2 - ارزیابی تحمل به خشکی در ژنوتیپ‌های کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) با استفاده از صفات و شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی تحت شرایط خشکی
محمدامین باقری سید کمال کاظمی تبار علی دهستانی پویان مهربان جوبنی حمید نجفی زرینیکنجد به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین گیاهان زراعی دانه روغنی از ظرفیت های صنعتی، غذایی و دارویی بالایی برخوردار است. تنش خشکی به ویژه در مرحله جوانه زنی و گیاهچه ای تولید کنجد را با چالش رو برو می کند. به منظور غربال ژنوتیپ های کنجد برای تحمل به خشکی در مرحله جوانه زنی آزمایش أکثرکنجد به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین گیاهان زراعی دانه روغنی از ظرفیت های صنعتی، غذایی و دارویی بالایی برخوردار است. تنش خشکی به ویژه در مرحله جوانه زنی و گیاهچه ای تولید کنجد را با چالش رو برو می کند. به منظور غربال ژنوتیپ های کنجد برای تحمل به خشکی در مرحله جوانه زنی آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 3 تکرار اجرا گردید. عوامل مورد بررسی شامل 4 سطح خشکی القا شده به وسیله پلی‌اتیلن‌گلیکول (غلظت های 0، 20، 25 و 30 درصد) و 15 ژنوتیپ کنجد بودند. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه واریانس اثر ژنوتیپ، خشکی و بر هم کنش آن ها بر روی تمامی صفات جوانه زنی مورد بررسی شامل درصد جوانه زنی، سرعت جوانه زنی، شاخص بنیه 1 و 2، طول ریشه چه، طول ساقه چه، وزن تر و خشک گیاهچه در سطح یک درصد معنی دار بود. کاهش معنی دار (در سطح 5 درصد) در تمامی سطوح تنش نسبت به شاهد در صفات مطالعه شده مشاهده گشت. صفات درصد جوانه زنی، طول ریشه چه و طول ساقه چه (به ترتیب با 10، 17 و 18 درصد کاهش) حساسیت کمتری به تنش خشکی در سطح ضعیف (غلظت 20 درصد) نشان دادند، در حالی که بیشترین تاثیر منفی برای صفات شاخص بنیه 2، وزن خشک گیاهچه و وزن تر گیاهچه (به ترتیب با 5/52، 3/47 و 4/34 درصد کاهش) بدست آمد. از سوی دیگر تحت خشکی شدید (غلظت 30 درصد) بیشترین کاهش در طول ساقه چه، شاخص بنیه 1 و 2 (به ترتیب 98، 97 و 96 درصد) حاصل گشت. از شاخص های تحمل به خشکی محاسبه شده برای هر یک از صفات در تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی و رسم بای پلات استفاده شد. بدین ترتیب ژنوتیپ ها بر اساس تحمل به 5 دسته تقسیم شدند. ژنوتیپ های دشتسان 2 و داراب 1 به عنوان متحمل ترین و ژنوتیپ های قائم، یکتا، سودان و کرمان به عنوان حساس ترین ژنوتیپ ها انتخاب شدند. یافته های این پژوهش می تواند در مطالعات و برنامه های اصلاحی آینده کنجد برای تحمل خشکی مورد استفاده قرار بگیرد. تفاصيل المقالة -
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3 - Stigmasterol alleviates the impacts of drought in flax and improves oil yield via modulating efficient antioxidant and ROS homeostasis
Mamdouh Nemat Alla Nemat Hassan Inas Budran Zeinab El-Bastawisy Ebtisam El-HararyThe present study aimed at alleviating the impacts of drought on flax growth, antioxidants and ROS homeostasis by stigmasterol. Seeds were soaked in water or stigmasterol and sown in plastic pots. On the 24th day after sowing (DAS), water regime was applied and samples أکثرThe present study aimed at alleviating the impacts of drought on flax growth, antioxidants and ROS homeostasis by stigmasterol. Seeds were soaked in water or stigmasterol and sown in plastic pots. On the 24th day after sowing (DAS), water regime was applied and samples were harvested up to the 56th DAS for measuring growth parameters, free radicles, antioxidants, and POD and Rubisco quantification. At seed maturity, yield analysis measurements (capsules, seeds, oil yield and fatty acid composition) were performed. Drought provoked significant decreases in growth parameters, ascorbic acid and glutathione but elevated lipid peroxidation and H2O2 concurrently with significant inhibition in the activities of catalase, guiacol peroxidase, ascorbic peroxidase and glutathione reductase as well as activity and quantification of peroxidase and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). Yield analysis demonstrated decreases in capsule and seed numbers, the oil and fatty acid contents and the fatty acid composition. Nevertheless, stigmasterol mitigated the drastic effects of drought on growth parameters, antioxidants and Rubisco and rendered the contents of lipid peroxides and H2O2 comparable to control. In the meantime, oil yield and fatty acid composition were improved in synchronization with the efficiency of antioxidants and ROS homeostasis. These findings conclude that drought resulted in a state of stress in flax; however, stigmasterol alleviated these drastic impacts and improved oil yield and fatty acid composition via modulating efficient antioxidant capacity and ROS homeostasis. تفاصيل المقالة -
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4 - Seed germination of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) in response to salicylic acid and halopriming under cadmium stress.
Arezoo Espanany Seyfollah FallahSeed priming is a technique which is potentially able to promote rapid and more uniform seed germination and plant growth as well. In this regards, the presowing effects of seed priming treatments were investigated on some physiological viz. seed germination, germinatio أکثرSeed priming is a technique which is potentially able to promote rapid and more uniform seed germination and plant growth as well. In this regards, the presowing effects of seed priming treatments were investigated on some physiological viz. seed germination, germination rate, radicle elongation, shoot elongation, radicle dry weight, shoot dry weight and vigor index. Seeds were subjected to two seed priming methods, hormopriming, and halopriming. Also, untreated seeds were used as control. Halopriming with -0.5 MPa of KNO3 and KCl and hormopriming with 100 mg/L of SA at 15 ˚C were used for 24 h in a factorial experiment with completely randomized design under laboratory conditions. The results showed that hormopriming (100 mg/L of SA) improved the germination rate (no significant difference with KNo3 and KCl), germination percentage, radicle elongation, plumule elongation, radicle dry weight, plumule dry weight, and vigor index under cadmium stress (30 mg/L) at 56.35, 11.9, 30.65, 30.33, 65.21, 71.42, and 46.16%, respectively. In all cadmium concentrations, the maximum of all germination parameters were related to the seeds primed with SA solution. While in primed seed by KNO3 and KCl treatments, exposure to 20 and 30 mg/L Cd decreased radicle length as compared to the control. Also, exposure to 30 mg/L Cd, KNO3 solution showed lower plumule length than control. The amount of reduction in radicle length in primed seeds with KNO3 solution and KCl solution was 11.88% and 6.18%, respectively, in 30 mg/L Cd. However, in all cadmium concentrations, germination percentage and rate were enhanced by KNO3 and KCl solubles. تفاصيل المقالة -
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5 - Dose-Dependent Impacts of Nano-Sized Ceria (CeO2) on Seed Germination, Early Growth and Physiological Parameters of Marigold Seedling
Sedighe Jahani Sara Saadatmand Malihe Jahani Homa Mahmoodzadeh Ramazan Ali Khavari-NejadMarigold is widely used as an ornamental-medicinal plant. Interaction between nanoparticles (NPs) and biological systems is one of the most promising areas of research in modern nanoscience and technology. Researchers have reported the uptake of cerium oxide or ceria (C أکثرMarigold is widely used as an ornamental-medicinal plant. Interaction between nanoparticles (NPs) and biological systems is one of the most promising areas of research in modern nanoscience and technology. Researchers have reported the uptake of cerium oxide or ceria (CeO2) NPs by plants. The aim of this investigate was to determine the impacts of nanoceria on seed germination, growth and biochemical characteristics of 9-day-old seedling of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Seeds were germinated in Petri dishes containing eight various dosages of nanoceria (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 g/L). After 9 days, early growth and biochemical parameters were measured. Results showed that seed germination, fresh and dry weights of seedling, and lengths of radicle, plumule, and seedling stimulated at 0.05 and/or 0.1 g/L of nanoceria but retarded at higher dosages (after 0.2 or 0.4 g/L) of NPs. The contents of H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity incremented after 0.2 g/L of nanoceria. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and protein content were incremented at higher dosages of nanoceria. Also, the activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), phenol content, and antioxidant capacity stimulated at 0.8 to 3.2 g/L of nanoceria. The proline content improved at 0.2-3.2 g/L of nanoceria. Altogether, the results confirmed the inducive oxidative stress of nanoceria that was accompanied by plant defense system include antioxidant enzymes, phenolic compounds and compatible osmolytes such as proline. These results showed that nanoceria at the low dosages (0.05 and/or 0.1 g/L) caused a positive induction on marigold germination and seedling growth but by increasing in its dosage (more than 0.2 g/L), the results was reversed and showed toxicity that forced the plant to activate its defense systems. تفاصيل المقالة -
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6 - Effect of Calotropis procera Leaf Extract on Seed Germination of Some Plants
S. Ghasemi M. Ghasemi N. Moradi A. M. ShamiliCalotropis proceran (Asclepidaceae) is an evergreen plant and widely distributed in Hormozgan province. This plant has the allelopathic properties including germination inhibition, plumule and radicle growth reduction. In this study the effect of different concentration أکثرCalotropis proceran (Asclepidaceae) is an evergreen plant and widely distributed in Hormozgan province. This plant has the allelopathic properties including germination inhibition, plumule and radicle growth reduction. In this study the effect of different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60%) of dry leaf water extraction of this plant on the germination of cucumber (Cucumis sativus), tomato (Lycopersicon esculenthum), and eggplant (Solanum melongena) were investigated. The results showed that water extract significantly decreased the germination percentage especially at high concentrations. The radicle and plumule length also were affected by the extract concentrations. تفاصيل المقالة -
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7 - Effects of Salinity on Seed Germination and Physiological Traits of Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)
AHMAD GHOLAMZADEH DAVOOD NADERI ELHAM ABEDIAbstract Water salinity is one of the most progressive environmental factors limiting the growth and productivity of plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of salt stress on seed germination and some quantitative trait of tall fescue. For this أکثرAbstract Water salinity is one of the most progressive environmental factors limiting the growth and productivity of plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of salt stress on seed germination and some quantitative trait of tall fescue. For this purpose, a laboratory experiment was conducted at seed laboratory, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch. The traits were radicle and plumule length, fresh and dry weight of radicle and plumule and some properties of seed germination such as germination percent, mean germination time, germination speed, and germination energy and vigor index. Seeds were arranged in petri dishes with 4 replications in completely randomized design with six levels of water salinity including 0, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 dSm−1. The results indicated that salinity stress had significant effect on seed germination and physiological characteristics. The results indicated that salinity of irrigation water significantly reduced all studied properties exception of germination time. The values of these properties were continuously decreased with increasing salinity levels. However, time of germination in salinity levels of 4−7 dSm−1 was significantly higher than that distilled water. Seed vigor index was more affecting salinity stress than germination percent. Keywords:Salinity, Germination, Turfgrass, Radicle, Plumule, Seed تفاصيل المقالة -
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8 - Investigation of Seed Germination, Early Growth and Physio-Biochemical Parameters of Canola Seedling Exposed to Co3O4 Engineered Nanoparticles
Malihe Jahani Ramazan Ali Khavari-Nejad Homa Mahmoodzadeh Sara SaadatmandThe incessant use of nanoparticles (NPs) may pose serious threats on ecosystem and plants are at maximum risk of their delivery into the environment. The goal of this research was to explore the influence of nano-sized Co3O4 on seed germination, early growth and physio- أکثرThe incessant use of nanoparticles (NPs) may pose serious threats on ecosystem and plants are at maximum risk of their delivery into the environment. The goal of this research was to explore the influence of nano-sized Co3O4 on seed germination, early growth and physio-biochemical parameters of 6-day-old seedling of canola. Seeds were sprouted in Petri plates involving eight various dosages of nano-sized Co3O4 (0-4 g L-1) for 6 days. Germination and early growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of seedling and lengths of radicle and seedling) stimulated at 0.05 and/or 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4 but retarded after 0.1 g L-1 NPs. However, the length of plumule retarded after 0.25 g L-1 NPs. The antioxidant capacity and H2O2 content raised at higher dosages of nano-sized Co3O4. The activity of antioxidant enzymes were enhanced by nano-sized Co3O4 treatment but were repressed at higher dosages. The activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase and phenol content incremented at 0.5 and 1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4 but decremented at higher dosages. The content of malondialdehyde and lipoxygenase activity heightened after 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4. Altogether, the results confirmed the inducive oxidative stress of nano-sized Co3O4 that was accompanied by plant defense system including enzymes, phenolic compounds and compatible osmolytes such as proline. However, high dosages of the NPs caused toxic impacts on physio-biochemical traits of canola seedling as an oilseed crop. تفاصيل المقالة
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