فهرس المقالات Forming Limit Diagram

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  1 - Experimental Investigation of the Formability Improvement of Brass 260 and Al5182-O in Various Strain Rate using Hydrodynamic and Electrohydraulic Forming Methods
  َAmin Ashrafi Tafreshi Mehdi Zohoor
  Studying the formability of the sheet metals have been the subject of many researches during the last decades. A number of experimental and numerical approaches were implemented to derive the formability diagrams of different materials. In this study, the formability of أکثر

  Studying the formability of the sheet metals have been the subject of many researches during the last decades. A number of experimental and numerical approaches were implemented to derive the formability diagrams of different materials. In this study, the formability of two mostly used alloys, Brass 260 and Al5182-O as low and moderate formability materials, were investigated respectively. The forming limit diagrams of both materials were determined by using three experimental approaches such as Nakazima quasi-static as low strain rate method, hydrodynamic forming method as the moderate strain rate method and Electrohydraulic Forming process as high strain rate method. Three experimental results of forming limit diagram with the various strain rate were compared graphically. The results have shown that both of the materials could withstand higher strains when the electrohydraulic forming method was applied on the specimens and consequently, the forming limit diagrams for Brass 260 and Al5182-O shift up by 11% and 14%, respectively. In addition, it was concluded that the hydrodynamic forming method improves the formability of the materials by 4% and 6% for Brass 260 and Al5182-O, respectively. The outcomes of this study indicated that the formability of both materials was improved significantly by increasing the strain rate. تفاصيل المقالة
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  2 - Multi-Objective Tabu Search Algorithm to Minimize Weight and Improve Formability of Al3105-St14 Bi-Layer Sheet
  M Ehsanifar H Momeni N Hamta A. R Nezamabadi
  10.22034/jsm.2019.1867430.1433
  Nowadays, with extending applications of bi-layer metallic sheets in different industrial sectors, accurate specification of each layer is very prominent to achieve desired properties. In order to predict behavior of sheets under different forming modes and determining أکثر

  Nowadays, with extending applications of bi-layer metallic sheets in different industrial sectors, accurate specification of each layer is very prominent to achieve desired properties. In order to predict behavior of sheets under different forming modes and determining rupture limit and necking, the concept of Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) is used. Optimization problem with objective functions and important parameters aims to find optimal thickness for each of Al3105-St14 bi-layer metallic sheet contributors. Optimized point is achieved where formability of the sheet approaches to maximum extent and its weight to minimum extent. In this paper, multi-objective Tabu search algorithm is employed to optimize the considered problem. Finally, derived Pareto front using Tabu search algorithm is presented and results are compared with the solutions obtained from genetic algorithm. Comparison revealed that Tabu search algorithm provides better results than genetic algorithm in terms of Mean Ideal Distance, Spacing, non-uniformity of Pareto front and CPU time. تفاصيل المقالة
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  3 - An Experimental and Numerical Study of Forming Limit Diagram of Low Carbon Steel Sheets
  M Kadkhodayan H Aleyasin
  The forming limit diagram (FLD) is probably the most common representation of sheet metal formability and can be defined as the locus of the principal planar strains where failure is most likely to occur. Low carbon steel sheets have many applications in industries, esp أکثر

  The forming limit diagram (FLD) is probably the most common representation of sheet metal formability and can be defined as the locus of the principal planar strains where failure is most likely to occur. Low carbon steel sheets have many applications in industries, especially in automotive parts, therefore it is necessary to study the formability of these steel sheets. In this paper, FLDs, were determined experimentally for two grades of low carbon steel sheets using out-of-plane (dome) formability test. The effect of different parameters such as work hardening exponent (n), anisotropy (r) and thickness on these diagrams were studied. In addition, the out-of-plane stretching test with hemispherical punch was simulated by finite element software Abaqus. The limit strains occurred with localized necking were specified by tracing the thickness strain and its first and second derivatives versus time at the thinnest element. Good agreement was achieved between the predicted data and the experimental data. تفاصيل المقالة
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  4 - Application of Case I and Case II of Hill’s 1979 Yield Criterion to Predict FLD
  M Aghaie-Khafri M Torabi-Noori
  Forming limit diagrams (FLDs) are calculated based on both the Marciniak and Kuczynski (M-K) model and the analysis proposed by Jones and Gillis (J-G). J-G analysis consisted of plastic deformation approximation by three deformation phases. These phases consisted of hom أکثر

  Forming limit diagrams (FLDs) are calculated based on both the Marciniak and Kuczynski (M-K) model and the analysis proposed by Jones and Gillis (J-G). J-G analysis consisted of plastic deformation approximation by three deformation phases. These phases consisted of homogeneous deformation up to the maximum load (Phase I), deformation localization under constant load (phase II) and local necking with a precipitous drop in load (phase III). In the present study, case I and case II of Hill’s non-quadratic yield function were used for the first time. It is assumed that sheets obey the power-law flow rule and in-plane isotropy is satisfied. Calculated FLDs from this analysis are compared with the experimental data of aluminum alloys 3003-O, 2036-T4 and AK steel reported by other references. Calculated FLDs showed that limit strain predictions based on case I and case II of the Hill’s non-quadratic yield function are fairly well correlated to experiments when J-G model is used. تفاصيل المقالة
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  5 - Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental Investigation on Formability of Al3105-St14 Two-Layer Sheet
  H Deilami Azodi R Darabi
  Two-layer metallic sheets have wide applications in various industries due to their superlative characteristics. This paper presents analytical model to investigate the formability of two-layer sheets based on Marciniak and Kuckzinsky (M-K) method using Barlat and Lian أکثر

  Two-layer metallic sheets have wide applications in various industries due to their superlative characteristics. This paper presents analytical model to investigate the formability of two-layer sheets based on Marciniak and Kuckzinsky (M-K) method using Barlat and Lian non-quadratic yield criterion. FEM simulation is also performed to calculate the forming limits based on bifurcation theory. Forming limit diagrams (FLDs) and forming limit stress diagrams (FLSDs) determined by analytical and numerical approaches are compared with experimental results of Al3105-St14 two-layer sheet to verify the validity of theoretical models. The formability of two-layer sheet is also compared with the formability of its components. The results show that the forming limit diagram of two-layer sheet is located between the FLDs of separate layers. The effects of the anisotropy and the orientation of layers on formability of two-layer sheet are studied. The higher formability will be achieved in the case of coincidence of rolling directions of layers. تفاصيل المقالة
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  6 - The Prediction of Forming Limit Diagram of Low Carbon Steel Sheets Using Adaptive Fuzzy Inference System Identifier
  H Aleyasin
  The paper deals with devising the combination of fuzzy inference systems (FIS) and neural networks called the adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to determine the forming limit diagram (FLD). In this paper, FLDs are determined experimentally for two grades o أکثر

  The paper deals with devising the combination of fuzzy inference systems (FIS) and neural networks called the adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to determine the forming limit diagram (FLD). In this paper, FLDs are determined experimentally for two grades of low carbon steel sheets using out-of-plane (dome) formability test. The effect of different parameters such as work hardening exponent (n), anisotropy (r) and thickness on these diagrams were studied. The out-of-plane stretching test with hemispherical punch was simulated by finite element software Abaqus. The limit strains occurred with localized necking were specified by tracing the thickness strain and its first and second derivatives versus time at the thinnest element. In addition, to investigate the effect of different parameters such as work hardening exponent (n), anisotropy (r) and thickness on these diagrams, a machine learning algorithm is used to simulate a predictive framework. The method of learning algorithm uses the rudiments of neural computing through layering the FIS and using hybrid-learning optimization algorithm. In other words, for building the training database of ANFIS, the experimental work and finite element software Abaqus are used to obtain limit strains. Good agreement was achieved between the predicted data and the experimental results. تفاصيل المقالة
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  7 - Effect of different yield functions on computations of forming limit curves for aluminum alloy sheets
  Farzaneh Moosavi Mojdeh Erfanian Ramin Hashemi Reza Madoliat
  In this article, the effect of different yield functions on prediction of forming limit curve (FLC) for aluminum sheet is studied. Due to importance of FLC in sheet metal forming, concentration on effective parameters must be considered exactly in order to have better t أکثر

  In this article, the effect of different yield functions on prediction of forming limit curve (FLC) for aluminum sheet is studied. Due to importance of FLC in sheet metal forming, concentration on effective parameters must be considered exactly in order to have better theoretical prediction comparing experimental results. Yield function is one of the factors which are improved by adding new coefficients that follows the behaviour of material with good approximation, so applying different yield functions can change shape and level of FLCs. In this study the yield criteria which are used in determination of forming limit curves, are Hill48, Hosford, BBC2008, Soare2008, Plunkett2008 and YLD2011. The YLD2011 yield function is more appropriate than the other yield function for prediction of the FLD of aluminum alloy. The well-known Marciniak-Kuczynski (M-K) theory and voce hardening law have also been used. To verify the numerical results, the obtained results have been compared with available experimental data. تفاصيل المقالة
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  8 - Forming limit curves of AA3105 on multiple temperature conditions: numerical investigation and experimental verification
  Behzad Hadiyan Ramin Hashemi Habibollah Akbari
  In this paper, Forming Limit curves (FLCs) of AA3105 aluminum alloy sheet were obtained at four different temperatures using the Nakazima test. A novel approach based on the Nakazima test was applied to fabricate the experimental setup for determining forming limit diag أکثر

  In this paper, Forming Limit curves (FLCs) of AA3105 aluminum alloy sheet were obtained at four different temperatures using the Nakazima test. A novel approach based on the Nakazima test was applied to fabricate the experimental setup for determining forming limit diagrams (FLDs) at elevated temperatures. First, the Nakazima-die-set was manufactured, and a thermal system was prepared for increasing sheet and die’s temperature; then AA3105 samples were tested at four different temperatures experimentally. Moreover, the ABAQUS finite element software was employed. Three different criterions including the 2nd order of derivatives for major strain, equivalent plastic strain, and thickness strain were applied to estimate the onset of localized necking. The numerical results were verified by experiment. Both the experimental and finite element method results illustrated that the level of the forming limit diagram for the aluminum sheets improved by increasing its temperature. The forming limit improvement was not equal in every strain paths. تفاصيل المقالة
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  9 - An Investigation Into the Effects of Friction and Anisotropy Coefficients and Work Hardening Exponent on Deep Drawing With FEM
  R Hosseini A Ebrahimi mamaghani A Asa
  Large strains, anisotropy of mechanical properties of materials and Coulomb friction in contact regions are some properties in the analysis of deep drawing process. In this research, the effects of different parameters such as anisotropy coefficient, work hardening expo أکثر

  Large strains, anisotropy of mechanical properties of materials and Coulomb friction in contact regions are some properties in the analysis of deep drawing process. In this research, the effects of different parameters such as anisotropy coefficient, work hardening exponent and friction coefficient on deep drawing process of drawing quality steel are studied. For this purpose, the finite element method (FEM) to simulate the process is used. A 2D finite element simulation (axis symmetric) in ABAQUS is done and the results are validated with valid appropriate reference. Then Forming Limit Diagrams (FLD) for different friction coefficients, different anisotropy coefficients and different work hardening exponents are obtained. Finally, changes in FLD are discussed and it is observed that the friction coefficient is the most effective parameter on FLD and anisotropy coefficient and work hardening exponent are the least effective parameters on FLD. تفاصيل المقالة