Experimental Investigation of the Formability Improvement of Brass 260 and Al5182-O in Various Strain Rate using Hydrodynamic and Electrohydraulic Forming Methods
الموضوعات :
َAmin Ashrafi Tafreshi
1
(Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of K.N.Toosi, Iran)
Mehdi Zohoor
2
(Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of K.N.Toosi, Iran)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Formability, Nakazima Test, Electrohydraulic Forming Process (EHF), Hydrodynamic Forming Method, Forming Limit Diagrams (FLD),
ملخص المقالة :
Studying the formability of the sheet metals have been the subject of many researches during the last decades. A number of experimental and numerical approaches were implemented to derive the formability diagrams of different materials. In this study, the formability of two mostly used alloys, Brass 260 and Al5182-O as low and moderate formability materials, were investigated respectively. The forming limit diagrams of both materials were determined by using three experimental approaches such as Nakazima quasi-static as low strain rate method, hydrodynamic forming method as the moderate strain rate method and Electrohydraulic Forming process as high strain rate method. Three experimental results of forming limit diagram with the various strain rate were compared graphically. The results have shown that both of the materials could withstand higher strains when the electrohydraulic forming method was applied on the specimens and consequently, the forming limit diagrams for Brass 260 and Al5182-O shift up by 11% and 14%, respectively. In addition, it was concluded that the hydrodynamic forming method improves the formability of the materials by 4% and 6% for Brass 260 and Al5182-O, respectively. The outcomes of this study indicated that the formability of both materials was improved significantly by increasing the strain rate.
[1] Bruno, E., High-Velocity Forming of Metals, American Society of Tool and Manufacturing Engineers, 1968.
[2] Balanethiram, V., Daehn,G. S., Enhanced Formability of Interstitial Free Iron at High Strain Rates, Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, Vol. 27, No.12, 1992, pp. 1783-1788.
[3] Balanethiram, V., Daehn, G. S., Hyperplasticity: Increased Forming Limits at High Workpiece Velocity, Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, Vol. 30, No. 4, 1994, pp. 515-520.
[4] Dariani, B., Liaghat, G., and Gerdooei, M., Experimental Investigation of Sheet Metal Formability Under Various Strain Rates, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, Vol. 223, No. 6, 2009, pp. 703-712.
[5] A. Rohatgi, A., Stephens, E. V., Soulami, A., Davies, R. W., and Smith, M. T., Experimental Characterization of Sheet Metal Deformation During Electro-Hydraulic Forming, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 211, No.11, 2011, pp. 1824-1833.
[6] Rohatgi, A., Soulami, A., Stephens, E. V., Davies, R. W., and Smith, M. T., An Investigation of Enhanced Formability in AA5182-O Al During High-Rate Free-Forming at Room-Temperature: Quantification of Deformation History, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 214, No. 3, 2014, pp. 722-732.
[7] Gillard, A. J., Golovashchenko, S. F., and Mamutov, A. V., Effect of Quasi-Static prestrain on the Formability of Dual Phase Steels in Electrohydraulic Forming, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2013, pp. 201-218.
[8] Maris, C., Hassannejadasl, A., Green, D. E., Cheng, J., Golovashchenko, S. F., Gillard, A. J., and Liang, Y., Comparison of Quasi-Static and Electrohydraulic Free Forming Limits for DP600 and AA5182 Sheets, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 235, No. 1, 2016, pp. 206-219.
[9] Cheng, J., Green, D. E., and Golovashchenko, S. F., Formability Enhancement of DP600 Steel Sheets in Electro-Hydraulic Die Forming, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 244, No. 1, 2017, pp. 178-189.
[10] Hajializadeh, F., Mashhadi, M. M., Investigation and Numerical Analysis of Impulsive Hydroforming of Aluminum 6061-T6 Tube, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 20, No. 1, 2015, pp. 257-273.
[11] Hassannejadasl, A., Green, D. E., Golovashchenko, S. F., Samei, J., and Maris, C., Numerical Modelling of Electrohydraulic Free-Forming and Die-Forming of DP590 Steel, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 16, No. 3, 2014, pp. 391-404.
[12] Mamutov, A. V., Golovashchenko, S. F., Mamutov, V. S., and Bonnen, J. J., Modeling of Electrohydraulic Forming of Sheet Metal Parts, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 219, No. 1, 2015, pp. 84-100.
[13] U. Standard, ASTM B36/B36M-08a, Standard Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2003.
[14] E. ASTM, 8M. Standard Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [metric], Annual book of ASTM standards, Vol. 3, 2003.
[15] 12004-2:, Metallic Materials–Sheet and Strip–Determination of Forming-Limit Curves–Part 2: Determination of Forming-Limit Curves in the Laboratory, ISO, Vol. 1, 2008, pp. 1-27.
[16] Green, D. E., Black, K. C., A Visual Technique to Determine the Forming Limit for Sheet Materials, in, SAE Technical Paper, Vol.111, No.5, 2002.
[17] Golovashchenko, S. F., Material Formability and Coil Design in Electromagnetic Forming, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 16, No. 3, 2007, pp. 314-320.
[18] Oliveira, D., Worswick, M., Finn, M., and Newman, D., Electromagnetic Forming of Aluminum Alloy Sheet: Free-Form and Cavity Fill Experiments and Model, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 170, No. 1-2, 2005, pp. 350-362.
[19] Imbert, J., Winkler, S., Worswick, M., Oliveira, D., and Golovashchenko, S., The Effect of Tool–Sheet Interaction on Damage Evolution in Electromagnetic Forming of Aluminum Alloy Sheet, Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Vol. 127, No. 1, 2005, pp. 145-153.
[20] Golovashchenko, S. F., Gillard, A. J., and Mamutov, A. V., Formability of Dual Phase Steels in Electrohydraulic Forming, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 213, No. 7, 2013, pp. 1191-1212.
