شبیهسازی جریان آشفته دو فازی سرریزهای لولایی با شکل تاج مختلف
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت آب در مزرعه با هدف بهبود شاخص های مدیریتی آبیاریبیژن خاتمی پور 1 , امیر خسروجردی 2 , محمدرضا کاویانپور اصفهانی 3 , مجید قدسی حسن آباد 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه سازههای هیدرولیکی، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار گروه مهندسی صنایع دریایی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: شکل تاج سرریز, انسیس CFX, سرریز لولایی, مدل آشفتگی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: سرریزهای لولایی یکی از سازههای مهم جهت کنترل و تنظیم رقوم هیدرولیکی میباشند. سرریزهای آسانسوری سه لولایی در مقطع مجاری آب بهصورت یک یا چند دریچهای نصب میشوند که هرکدام دارای سیستم محرک مستقل جهت تغییر زاویه بدنه نسبت به کف کانال میباشند. با توجه به اینکه شرایط هیدرولیکی این نوع سرریزها بهویژه در حالتهای چند دریچهای و حالتهای مختلف بازشدگی مشخص نمیباشد، در این تحقیق شرایط هیدرولیکی این سرریزها مورد بررسی گرفت.روش پژوهش: در این پژوهش مدلسازی جریان بهمنظور تحلیل ضریب دبی سرریز و انتخاب مدل آشفتگی مناسب با استفاده از نرمافزار Ansys CFX و دادههای آزمایشگاهی Wahlin و Replogle برای دبیها و زوایای مختلف انجام گرفت. همچنین مدلهای آشفتگی RNG K-e، K-v، K-e استاندارد و SST مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. با انتخاب مدل آشفتگی، شکل بهینه تاج سرریز آسانسوری در 3 نوع شکل سرریز لبهتیز، دایرهای (لبه بالادست و پایین دست) و نیمدایره (لبه بالادست بهصورت گرد گوشه) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت.یافتهها: مقایسه نتایج خروجی مدل نشان داد که مدل آشفتگی k-e استاندارد در مجموع تطابق بهتری با قرائتهای آزمایشگاهی داشته، بطوریکه برای زوایای کم درصد خطای نسبی محاسبه شده بین 4/1 تا 1/3 درصد کمتر از بقیه مدلها بهدست آمد. با محاسبه عمق آب فلوم بالادست سرریز، خطای نسبی کمتر از 4/4 درصد برای مدل آشفتگی k-e محاسبه گردید که تطابق بسیار خوبی را بین نتایج خروجی مدل و نتایج آزمایشگاهی نشان داد.نتایج: محاسبه ضریب دبی در سرریزهای آسانسوری نشان داد که ضریب دبی برای سرریز با زاویه 70 درجه و لبه تاج نیمدایره به ترتیب 7/0 تا 9/7 درصد بیشتر از سرریزهای با تاج نیمدایره و لبهتیز میباشد. این اختلاف برای سرریز با زاویه 8/27 درجه بین 4/0 تا 2/3 درصد بهدست آمد. لذا سرریزهای با لبه تاج نیمدایره بیشترین ضریب آبگذری را دارا میباشند.
Background and Aim: Pivot weirs are one of the most important structures to control and regulate the water level. Three-Pivot elevator weirs can be installed as one or more gates in a row in the waterways. Each of them has an independent hoist system to change the weir angle relative to the bed. The hydraulic conditions of this type of weirs (especially in multi-gates and different angles) are not studied. Therefore, the hydraulic conditions of these weirs were investigated.Method: In this study, flow modeling was performed to analyze the weir discharge coefficient and select the appropriate turbulence model using Ansys CFX software. The model was evaluated using Wahlin and Replogle experimental data this for should be omitted for different angles, and discharges. Also, RNG K-e, K-v, standard k-e, and SST turbulent models were compared. By determining the turbulence model, the optimal shape of the crest was studied in 3 types: Sharp, circular (upstream and downstream of crest edge in round shape), and semicircular (upstream of crest edge in a round shape).Results: Comparison of the model output results for different turbulence models showed that the standard k-e turbulence model is generally more consistent with laboratory readings so that for low angles the relative error calculated was between 1.4 to 3.1% less than the other models. The should be added error between should be omitted was calculated to be less than 4.4%, which showed a very good agreement between the model output and laboratory results. Conclusion: The results of calculating the discharge coefficient in elevator weirs showed that the discharge coefficient for weirs with an angle of 70 degrees and the semicircular crest is 0.7 to 7.9 percent higher than the weirs with circular and sharp-crested weirs, respectively. Similarly, the increase of discharge coefficient for weirs with an angle of 27.8 degrees was obtained between 0.4 to 3.2 percent. Therefore, weirs with semicircular crest edges have the highest discharge coefficient.
Abdolahpour, M., Abbaspour A., hasanpour N. and Salmasi F. 2013. Numerical Simulation of Flow over Rectangular Broad-crested Weir with Upstream and Downstream Side Slopes Using Fluent Model. 9th International River Engineering Conference, Shahid Chamran University.
Ahmed S. and Aziz W. 2018 Numerical Modeling of Flow in Side Channel Spillway Using ANSYS-CFX. ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 30(s1), doi: 10.21271/zjpas.30.s1.10
Arvanaghi, H. and Oskuei, N. 2013. Sharp-Crested Weir Discharge Coefficient. Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism, 3(3): 87–91.
Aydin, I., Altan-Sakarya, A. B. and Sisman, C. 2011. Discharge formula for rectangular sharp-crested weirs. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 22(2):144–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2011.01.003
Azimfar, S. M., Hosseini, S. A., & Khosrojerrdi, A. (2018). Derivation of discharge coefficient of a pivot weir under free and submergence flow conditions. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 59, 45–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2017.11.010
Bos, MG. 1989 Discharge Measurement Structures. Third revised edition. International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Farzin, S., Karami, H. and Yahyavi F. 2018 Numerical Study of Hydraulic Characteristics Around the Vertical and Diagonal Sharp-Crested Weirs Using FLOW3D Simulation. Journal of Civil Infrastructure Researches, 4(1): 15-24. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.22091/cer.2017.1661.1068
Fenton, J. D. 2015. Calculating flow over rectangular sharp-edged weirs. Alternative Hydraulics Paper 6, 1–14. http://johndfenton.com/Papers/Calculating-flow-over-rectangular-sharp-edged-weirs.pdf
Gharahjeh, S., Aydin, I. and Altan Sakarya A. B. 2012. Discharge Formula for Sharp-Crested Rectangular Weirs. 10th International Congress on Advances in Civil Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
Gong, J., Deng, J. and Wei, W. 2019. Discharge coefficient of a round-crested weir. Water (Switzerland), 11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061206
Hargreaves, D. M., Morvan, H. P. and Wright, N. G. 2007. Validation of the Volume of Fluid Method for Free Surface Calculation: The Broad-Crested Weir. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 1(2): 136–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2007.11015188
Hulsing, H. 1968. Measurement of peak discharge at dams by indirect method. USBR, Chapter A5, Book 3, Applications of hydraulics.
Kaixuan, L., Yehan, G., Zhan, W. and Yongsheng, Y. 2021. Research and Calculation on the Optimization of Hydraulic Lifting Mechanism for New Steel Gate. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 643, 012136. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/643/1/012136
Kindsvater, C.E., and Carter, R W. (1959). "Discharge Characteristics of Rectangular Thin-Plate Weirs." ASCE., Vol. 124, Issue 1, p. 772-822.0
Liu, C., Huhe, A. and Ma, W. 2002. Numerical and experimental investigation of flow over a semicircular weir. Acta Mechanica Sinica/Lixue Xuebao, 18(6): 594–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02487961
Niksefat, GH. 2001. Theoretical aspects and application of hydraulic models in hydraulic structures designing. Ministry of Energy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, The Iranian National Committee on Large Dams (IRCOLD) [in Persian]
Rehbock, T. 1929 Discussion of Precise Weir measurements. By Turner, K.B, Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 93(1): 1143-1162, https://doi.org/10.1061/TACEAT.0004045
Sheikh Rezazadeh Nikou, N., Monem, M. J. and Safavi, K. 2016. Extraction of the Flow Rate Equation under Free and Submerged Flow Conditions in Pivot Weirs with Different Side Contractions. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 142(8), 04016025. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0001027
Sisman, HC. 2009. Experimental Investigation on Sharp-Crested Rectangular Weirs. M.Sc.Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara (Turkey).
Wahlin, B. T. and Replogle, J. A. 1994. Flow Measurement Using an Overshot Gate. U.S. Dept. of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, (1425).
_||_Abdolahpour, M., Abbaspour A., hasanpour N. and Salmasi F. 2013. Numerical Simulation of Flow over Rectangular Broad-crested Weir with Upstream and Downstream Side Slopes Using Fluent Model. 9th International River Engineering Conference, Shahid Chamran University.
Ahmed S. and Aziz W. 2018 Numerical Modeling of Flow in Side Channel Spillway Using ANSYS-CFX. ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 30(s1), doi: 10.21271/zjpas.30.s1.10
Arvanaghi, H. and Oskuei, N. 2013. Sharp-Crested Weir Discharge Coefficient. Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism, 3(3): 87–91.
Aydin, I., Altan-Sakarya, A. B. and Sisman, C. 2011. Discharge formula for rectangular sharp-crested weirs. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 22(2):144–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2011.01.003
Azimfar, S. M., Hosseini, S. A., & Khosrojerrdi, A. (2018). Derivation of discharge coefficient of a pivot weir under free and submergence flow conditions. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 59, 45–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2017.11.010
Bos, MG. 1989 Discharge Measurement Structures. Third revised edition. International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Farzin, S., Karami, H. and Yahyavi F. 2018 Numerical Study of Hydraulic Characteristics Around the Vertical and Diagonal Sharp-Crested Weirs Using FLOW3D Simulation. Journal of Civil Infrastructure Researches, 4(1): 15-24. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.22091/cer.2017.1661.1068
Fenton, J. D. 2015. Calculating flow over rectangular sharp-edged weirs. Alternative Hydraulics Paper 6, 1–14. http://johndfenton.com/Papers/Calculating-flow-over-rectangular-sharp-edged-weirs.pdf
Gharahjeh, S., Aydin, I. and Altan Sakarya A. B. 2012. Discharge Formula for Sharp-Crested Rectangular Weirs. 10th International Congress on Advances in Civil Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
Gong, J., Deng, J. and Wei, W. 2019. Discharge coefficient of a round-crested weir. Water (Switzerland), 11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061206
Hargreaves, D. M., Morvan, H. P. and Wright, N. G. 2007. Validation of the Volume of Fluid Method for Free Surface Calculation: The Broad-Crested Weir. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 1(2): 136–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2007.11015188
Hulsing, H. 1968. Measurement of peak discharge at dams by indirect method. USBR, Chapter A5, Book 3, Applications of hydraulics.
Kaixuan, L., Yehan, G., Zhan, W. and Yongsheng, Y. 2021. Research and Calculation on the Optimization of Hydraulic Lifting Mechanism for New Steel Gate. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 643, 012136. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/643/1/012136
Kindsvater, C.E., and Carter, R W. (1959). "Discharge Characteristics of Rectangular Thin-Plate Weirs." ASCE., Vol. 124, Issue 1, p. 772-822.0
Liu, C., Huhe, A. and Ma, W. 2002. Numerical and experimental investigation of flow over a semicircular weir. Acta Mechanica Sinica/Lixue Xuebao, 18(6): 594–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02487961
Niksefat, GH. 2001. Theoretical aspects and application of hydraulic models in hydraulic structures designing. Ministry of Energy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, The Iranian National Committee on Large Dams (IRCOLD) [in Persian]
Rehbock, T. 1929 Discussion of Precise Weir measurements. By Turner, K.B, Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 93(1): 1143-1162, https://doi.org/10.1061/TACEAT.0004045
Sheikh Rezazadeh Nikou, N., Monem, M. J. and Safavi, K. 2016. Extraction of the Flow Rate Equation under Free and Submerged Flow Conditions in Pivot Weirs with Different Side Contractions. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 142(8), 04016025. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0001027
Sisman, HC. 2009. Experimental Investigation on Sharp-Crested Rectangular Weirs. M.Sc.Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara (Turkey).
Wahlin, B. T. and Replogle, J. A. 1994. Flow Measurement Using an Overshot Gate. U.S. Dept. of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, (1425).