ارزیابی اثرات نفوذ پساب تصفیه‌خانه شهر بروجن بر کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت بروجن-فرادنبه

محورهای موضوعی : Business Administration and Entrepreneurship

علی طالبی ¹ , مجید کریمی ² , محمدتقی قانعیان ³ , ابراهیم عسگری ⁴

1 - استاد گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
2 - دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
3 - استاد گروه بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/06/18 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/08/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/08/01

کلید واژه: پساب, نمودار شولر, منابع آب زیرزمینی, مؤلفه‌های شیمیایی, دشت بروجن-فرادنبه,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده مقدمه: با توجه به کمبود بارندگی و بیلان منفی سفره‎های آب زیرزمینی در سال‎های اخیر استفاده از منابع آب نامتعارف مثل پساب‌ها و فاضلاب‌ها برای تغذیه مصنوعی یکی از روش‎های مهم مقابله با افت سطح سفره‎ های آب زیرزمینی می ‎باشد. در دشت بروجن-فرادنبه نیز به‌منظور کاهش اثرات خشکسالی بر روی منابع آب زیرزمینی، اقدام به تغذیه مصنوعی آبخوان این دشت با استفاده از پساب تصفیه‌خانه شهر بروجن شده است. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیرات نفوذ پساب تصفیه‎ خانه شهر بروجن بر کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی این دشت، انجام گرفت. روش­: به‌ منظور بررسی کیفیت پساب و تأثیر آن بر آب پایین‌دست تصفیه‌خانه، از تعداد 15 چاه‌های آب در پایین‌دست و بالادست نمونه‌برداری شد. نمونه‌ها بلافاصله به آزمایشگاه منتقل و آنالیزهایی شامل غلظت عناصر منیزیم، کلسیم، پتاسیم، لیتیم، سدیم، گوگرد، اسکاندیم، سیلسیم، استرانسیم، باریم، کروم و وانادیم بر روی نمونه‌ها انجام شد. یافته ­ها: نتایج نشان داد که به جز عناصر کلسیم، پتاسیم و کروم که بین نمونه‌های آب برداشت شده از بالادست و پایین‌دست تصفیه‌خانه از لحاظ آماری تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشت (sig>0.05) اما مقدار سایر عناصر در بین چاه‌های بالادست و پایین‌دست تصفیه‌خانه دارای تفاوت معنی‌داری بودند (sig<0.05). ولی همین مقدار نیز در محدوده استانداردهای تعیین‌شده قرار دارد. هم‌چنین نقشه‌های درون‌یابی شده با روش IDW مربوط به این عناصر نیز نشان‌دهنده همین موضوع بود که بخش‌های شمالی و شمال‌غربی دشت (پایین‌دست تصفیه‌خانه شهر بروجن) دارای پهنه‌هایی با غلظت بالای این عناصر هستند. نتیجه­ گیری: مقدار کیفیت آب در بخش‌های شمالی دشت پایین‌تر از بخش‌های جنوبی و بالادست دشت بروجن-فرادنبه است. عوامل مختلفی مثل: ورود پساب از تصفیه‌خانه بروجن، وجود سازنده‌هایی همانند سازندهای آهکی یا وجود سنگ‌های کنگلومرا و ماسه‌سنگ،  وجود کانی‌هایی مثل: فلدسپات‌ها، میکاها، کانی‌های رسی، کانی‌های تبخیری (همانند سیلویت، هالیت)، کودهای پتاسیک؛ می‌تواند از دلایل بیش‌تر بودن برخی از عناصر مثل منیزیم و کلسیم در بخش‌های شمالی دشت باشد. با توجه به این موارد کیفیت آب در بخش‌های شمالی پایین‌تر از بخش‌های جنوبی دشت است و مناطق شمالی دشت پتانسیل لازم برای آلودگی را داشته و آسیب‌پذیری آن‌ها نیز نسبت به آلودگی‌ها بیش‌تر است. لذا پایش مداوم و کنترل پساب خروجی تصفیه‌خانه شهر بروجن برای پیشگیری از وقوع برخی مشکلات محیط زیستی مثل بروز بیماری‌های گیاهی و جانوری ناشی از فاضلاب در برنامه‌‌های استفاده از این پساب‌ها در بخش‌های مختلف باید مد نظر قرار گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract Introduction: Due to the lack of rainfall and the negative balance of groundwater aquifers in recent years, the use of unconventional water sources such as effluents and sewage for artificial feeding is one of the important methods to deal with decline in groundwater aquifers. In the Borujen-Faradonbeh plain, in order to reduce the effects of drought on groundwater resources, the aquifer of this plain has been artificially fed using the effluent of the Borujen treatment plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the effluent of Borujen water treatment plant on the quality of groundwater resources in this plain. Methods: To investigate the quality of effluent and its effect on the downstream water of the treatment plant, water wells downstream and upstream were sampled. The samples were immediately transferred to the laboratory and analyzes including the concentrations of Mg, Ca, K Li, Na, S, St, Si, Sc, V, Ba, Cr and V were performed on the samples. Findings: The results showed that except for calcium, potassium and chromium elements which were not statistically significant differences between the water samples taken from the upstream and downstream of the treatment plant (sig> 0.05) but the number of other elements differed between the upstream and downstream wells of the treatment plant. Were significant (sig <0.05). But the same amount is within the set standards. Also, IDW maps related to these elements showed that the northern and northwestern parts of the plain (downstream of the Borujen city treatment plant) have areas with high concentrations of these elements.

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