کاربست اصول طراحی مسیرهای سبز اسفنجی در مدیریت منابع آب در شهرهای کویری (موردپژوهی: مادیهای شهری اصفهان)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بهره برداری از سامانه های آبی
1 - 1. استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران.
کلید واژه: شهر اسفنجی, مسیر سبز اسفنجی, راهکارهای طراحی شهری, مادیهای اصفهان,
چکیده مقاله :
این مقاله به بررسی اصول «شهر اسفنجی» و پیشنهاد آن به عنوان یک راه‌حل پایدار برای بازیابی منابع آبی و کاربست اصول آن در احیای نقش یکی از منابع نادر در شهرهای ایران؛ مادیهای شهر اصفهان؛ پرداخته است. شهرهای کویری در ایران اعم از اصفهان با چالش‌های جدی مانند کمبود آب، آلودگی، تغییرات اقلیمی (اعم از جزایر حرارتی و وارونگی هوا) و خشکسالی مواجه هستند که حیات جمعی و زیست انسانی را در این شهرها با مشکل روبرو ساخته و لزوم اتخاذ رویکردی برای کاهش اثرات این معضلات و احیای عناصر طبیعی موجود را ضروری کرده است. سیستم تقسیم آب مادیها در شهر اصفهان علاوه بر تقسیم آب رودخانۀ زایندهرود دارای عملکرد هدایت، زهکشی و ذخیرۀ آب برای حفاظت از آبهای زیرزمینی بوده است. ایدۀ جدید طراحی شهرهای اسفنجی با رویکرد جذب و نگهداشت آب باران از یکسو و طراحی مسیرهای سبز شهری به عنوان ایدهای برای طراحی مسیرهای طبیعی در شهرها از سویی دیگر میتواند به بهبود نقش این عناصر طبیعی خطی کمک کند. در این پژوهش، از روش تحلیلی- توصیفی و مرور ادبیات موجود در زمینه شهرهای اسفنجی و استخراج اصول آن و بررسی ویژگیهای مسیرهای سبز و استخراج اصول آن از سویی دیگر و تطابق اصول این دو رویکرد برای کاربست در احیا و بازآفرینی مادی های شهر اصفهان استفاده شده است. نتایج این مقاله حاکی از آن است که ایدۀ مسیرهای سبز اسفنجی یکی از ایدههای نوین در احیای سیستمهای باستانی مادیها است که از طریق پیادهسازی و راهکارهای طراحی میتواند به ارتقاء نقش محیط زیستی، پویایی اجتماعی، کارایی اقتصادی و سلامت و بهداشت بیانجامد. این راهکارها در 7 گروه طراحی پوستهها، فرم و شکلگیری فضایی، مصالح و رنگ، مدیریت منابع طبیعی، پوشش گیاهی، عملکرد و مدیریت و نگهداری به تحقق این ایده کمک میکنند.
This article examines the principles of the "sponge city" concept, proposing it as a sustainable solution for water resource recovery, specifically through the application of its principles to revive one of the rare water management systems in Iranian cities: the Maddies of Isfahan. Desert cities in Iran, including Isfahan, are facing serious challenges such as water shortages, pollution, climate changes (including urban heat islands and atmospheric inversions), and prolonged droughts, all of which make urban and human life increasingly difficult. Adopting an approach to mitigate these problems and restore natural elements is essential. The Maddies of Isfahan serve to direct, drain, and store water, playing a crucial role in protecting underground water resources. The emerging concept of sponge cities-designed to absorb and retain rainwater-coupled with the development of urban greenways as natural pathways within cities, can enhance the role of these linear natural elements. This research employs an analytical-descriptive method, reviewing existing literature on sponge cities principles and greenway characteristics. By extracting the principles of both approaches and aligning them, this study explores their application in the restoration and regeneration of the Maddies in Isfahan.
The findings suggest that the concept of "spongy greenways" represents an innovative approach to revitalizing ancient water systems. Through design solutions and practical interventions, this approach can enhance environmental functions, social vitality, economic sustainability, and public health. These solutions fall into seven categories: shell design, spatial form and structure, materials and color, natural resource management, vegetation, functionality, and management and maintenance. Together, these strategies contribute in realizing the vision of sustainable urban water management.
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