شاخص ها و مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار بر توسعه بین‌المللی تنیس روی میز ایران (اکتشاف و روایی سنجی با رویکرد آمیخته)

محورهای موضوعی : علوم ورزش

مهران احدی ¹ , محمد حامی ^{2 *} , وحید شجاعی ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران
2 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران
3 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/12/09 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/12/09 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/09/01

کلید واژه: توسعه بین‌المللی, تنیس روی میز, رشاخص‌ها و مؤلفه‌ها, عوامل اثرگذار, مقولات اصلی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف تحقیق حاضر شناسایی و روایی سنجی شاخص‌ها و مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار بر توسعه‌ بین‌المللی تنیس روی میز ‌ایران بود. تحقیق حاضر از منظر پارادایم از نوع تحقیقات پراگماتیسم، رویکرد آمیخته، ماهیت اکتشافی- میدانی، استراتژی پدیدارشناسانه و پیمایشی و به لحاظ هدف کاربردی بود. شیوه جمع‌آوری داده‌ها به صورت مصاحبه عمیق و نیمه ساختار یافته (بخش کیفی) و پرسشنامه بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق خبرگان حوزه تنیس روی میز ازجمله مربیان تیم‌های ملی تنیس روی میز ایران، مدیران ارشد در وزارت ورزش و جوانان و فدراسیون تنیس روی میز، اعضاء هیئت‌علمی بودند که 16 نفر از آنان به‌عنوان نمونه تحقیق به شیوه غیر احتمالی، هدفمند و گلوله برفی در نظر گرفته شدند. 226 کد اولیه شامل 13 مقوله ‌اصلی و 37 مقوله محوری در خصوص عوامل اثر‌گذار بر توسعه بین‌المللی تنیس روی میز ایران احصاء شد که فراوانی این کدها درمجموع برابر با 460 بود. ضریب پایایی بازکدینگ تحقیق کیفی 84/0 محاسبه شد. روایی ظاهری و محتوی توسط اساتید خبره و و روایی سازه مدل مورد تائید قرار گرفت. برازش مدل با محاسبه SRMR برابر با 066/0 که نشان از برازش مطلوب مدل بود. عوامل اقتصادی (503/0)، اجتماعی (438/0)، توسعه زیرساخت‌ها (43/0) و عوامل فنی و ‌تخصصی (44/0)، عوامل انگیزشی (373/0)، عامل رسانه (518/0)، ماهیت رشته تنیس روی میز (004/0)، استعدادیابی (497/0)، عامل مدیریتی (530/)، دولت و حاکمیت (458/0)، نهادهای آموزشی و توسعه ورزش همگانی (472/0) به عنوان شاخص‌ها و مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار بر توسعه بین‌المللی تنیس روی میز دارای کیفیت بالا و متوسط رو به بالا با محاسبه Q2 گزارش شدند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this study was to identify and validate the indicators and components affecting the International Development of Table Tennis in Iran. From the paradigm perspective, the present study was a type of pragmatism, mixed approach, exploratory-field nature, phenomenological and survey strategy, and applied in terms of purpose. The data collection method was in-depth and semi-structured interviews (qualitative section) and a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was experts from the national tennis teams of Iran, including the coaches of the national tennis teams of Iran, senior managers in the Ministry of Sports and Youth and the Tennis Federation. The coaches of the various tennis leagues, the tennis boards, the staff and experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth and the Iranian Tennis Federation formed the sample members of the research in a small section. At first 226 initial codes including 13 main categories and 37 pivotal categories regarding the factors affecting the international development of tennis in Iran were counted, totally the number of these codes were 460. The reliability coefficient of qualitative research re-coding was calculated to be 0.84. The apparent and content validity in the form of CVR and CVR forms was approved by experts and the validity of the research questionnaire after performing the exploratory analysis process. Fit of the model with SRMR calculation equal to 0.066 which showed the optimal fit of the model. Economic factors (0.503), social factors (0.438), infrastructure development (0.43) and technical and specialized factors (0.44), motivational factors (0.373), media factors (0.518), the nature of tennis (0.004) ), Talent identification (0.497), managerial factors (0.530), government and governance (0.458), educational institutions and development of public sports (0.472) as indicators and components affecting the international development of tennis are discovered and validated in which all were reported to have high and medium quality upwards with Q2 calculation. 

منابع و مأخذ:

• Bairner, A. (2008). Sport, nationalism and globalization: Relevance, impact, consequences. Hitotsubashi journal of arts and sciences, 49(1), 43-53.


•      Caton, S., Chadwick, D., Chapman, M., Turnbull, S., Mitchell, D., & Stansfield, J. (2012). Healthy lifestyles for adults with intellectual disability: knowledge, barriers, and facilitators. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 37(3), 248-259.


•      Chen, Y.-W., Tan, T.-C., & Lee, P.-C. (2015). The Chinese government and the globalization of table tennis: A case study in local responses to the globalization of sport. The international journal of the history of sport, 32(10), 1336-1348.


•      Cleland, C. L., Tully, M. A., Kee, F., & Cupples, M. E. (2012). The effectiveness of physical activity interventions in socio-economically disadvantaged communities: a systematic review. Preventive medicine, 54(6), 371-380.


•      De Bosscher, V., De Knop, P., Van Bottenburg, M., Shibli, S., & Bingham, J. (2009). Explaining international sporting success: An international comparison of elite sport systems and policies in six countries. Sport management review, 12(3), 113-136.


•      Ghaedy, A., Ghafouri, F, Karegar, Gh. (2014). A Study and Comparison of the Perspective of Sport Professionals and Managers on the Role of Sport for All and Championship Sport in Social Development Indicators. 3(1), :53-64.


•      Gram, M., Dahl, R., & Dela, F. (2014). Physical inactivity and muscle oxidative capacity in humans. European journal of sport science, 14(4), 376-383.


•      Hayhurst, L. M. (2011). Corporatising sport, gender and development: Postcolonial IR feminisms, transnational private governance and global corporate social engagement. Third world quarterly, 32(3), 531-549.


•      Henry, I. P., Amara, M., & Al-Tauqi, M. (2003). Sport, Arab nationalism and the Pan-Arab games. International review for the Sociology of Sport, 38(3), 295-310.


•     


• Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43(1), 115-135.


•      Kavosi, E., & Ahmad, F. (2010). Globalization, Training and Development of Human Resources (Adaptive Comparison of 62 countries of world. Strategic studies of public policy, 1(1), 79-108.


•      Khan, F. U., ul Islam, S. Z., & Khan, S. (2016). Role of educational institutions as a social instituition in the promotion of sports. Gomal University Journal of Research, 32(2), 163-171.


•      Kidd, B. (2008). A new social movement: Sport for development and peace. Sport in society, 11(4), 370-380.


•      Kim, J. (2019). Why We Cheer for Viktor Ahn: Changing Characteristics of Sporting Nationalism and Citizenship in South Korea in the Era of Neoliberal Globalization. Communication & Sport, 7(4), 488-509.


•      Kobayashi, T., Nicholson, M., & Hoye, R. (2013). Football ‘wantok’: Sport and social capital in Vanuatu. International review for the Sociology of Sport, 48(1), 38-53.


•      Kruk, J. (2007). Physical activity in the prevention of the most frequent chronic diseases: an analysis of the recent evidence. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 8(3), 325.


•      Kyröläinen, H., Santtila, M., Nindl, B. C., & Vasankari, T. (2010). Physical fitness profiles of young men. Sports Medicine, 40(11), 907-920.


•      Levermore, R. (2008). Sport: a new engine of development? Progress in development studies, 8(2), 183-190.


•      Ma, Y., He, J., & Yu, Q. (2019). Modeling on social popularity and achievement: A case study on table tennis. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 524, 235-245.


• Meier, M., & Saavedra, M. (2009). Esther Phiri and the Moutawakel effect in Zambia: An analysis of the use of female role models in sport-for-development. Sport in society, 12(9), 1158-1176.


• Moradi, M., Honari, H., Naghshbandi, S., & Jabari, N. (2012). The association between informing, social participation, educational, and culture making roles of sport media with development of championship sport. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 5356-5360.


•      Pereverzieva, A. (2018). Analysis of globalization determinants impact on human resources development. University Economic Bulletin(38), 104-112.


•      Porter-Smith, R., Harris, P., Andersen, O., Coleman, R., Greenslade, D., & Jenkins, C. (2004). Classification of the Australian continental shelf based on predicted sediment threshold exceedance from tidal currents and swell waves. Marine Geology, 211(1-2), 1-20.


•      Saberi, A., Kalateh Seifari, M., Dosti, M., Razavi, S. M. H., & Farzan, F. (2018). Designing a Sport Development Model in Iran’s Free Trade Industrial Zones. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 6(4), 49-58.


•      Seippel, Ø. (2017). Sports and nationalism in a globalized world. International journal of sociology, 47(1), 43-61.


•      Setiawan, A., Saputra, Y. M., Ma’mun, A., & Fattah, N. (2019). Sports Development in West Java: Sports policy review. Paper presented at the 3rd International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2018).


•      Silk, M. L., Andrews, D. L., & Cole, C. L. (2005). Sport and corporate nationalisms: Berg Oxford.


• Skinner, J., Zakus, D. H., & Cowell, J. (2008). Development through sport: Building social capital in disadvantaged communities. Sport management review, 11(3), 253-275.


•      Sternler, S. (2006). An Overview of Content Analysis Practical Assessment. Research and Evaluation.


• Tondnevis, F., & Ghasemi, M. (2008). The Comparative Study Of Gymnastics Championship Progressive Approach In Iran From Athletes, Coaches And Expert’s Point Of View.