The Effect of Financial Development on Human Development in Selected Development Countries Using GMM Method

Subject Areas : Organizations

Abbass Shafiei ¹ , Masoud Nonejad ² , Hashem Zare ³ , Ali Haghighat ⁴

1 - PhD student, Department of Economics, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2 - Department of Economics, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
3 - Department of Economics, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
4 - Department of Economics, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

Received: 2022-11-23 Accepted : 2023-01-25 Published : 2023-04-01

Keywords: Financial Development, initial enrollment rate, Life expectancy, Human Development, Generalized method of moments,

Abstract :

In the development process, achieving a better life and increasing well-being is achieved by focusing on access to a life of health and knowledge. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of financial development on human development, including life expectancy and primary enrollment rates in developing countries by gender in the period 2016-2020. The experimental model of this research was estimated using the Generalized method of Moments (GMM) panel method and the variables of facilities granted to the private sector, the ratio of money to GDP, the degree of openness of the economy, the effect of educational expenditures and health expenditures. The results of model estimation indicate that the facilities granted to the private sector have a positive and significant effect on human capital. The effect of the ratio of money supply to GDP is negative due to the destructive effect of inflation on all models. The coefficient of degree of openness of the economy in all models (except the female registration rate) is positive and significant. Educational expenses have a positive and significant effect on the male and female registration rate as well as men's life expectancy. The effect of health expenditures is also positive and significant in most models (life expectancy of men and women as well as women's registration rate). Therefore, governments should pay attention to encouraging exports, reforming the tariff system based on encouraging the import of capital goods, currency stability, facilitating banking transactions, facilitating the conditions for opening letters of credit.

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