تأثیر محدودیت کالری به همراه تمرینات عملکردی و رژیم غذایی اسیدی و قلیایی بر ترکیب بدن، غلظت چربی‌ها و پروتئین واکنشگر C در بزرگسالان دارای اضافه وزن
محورهای موضوعی :
زیست شناسی
فهیمه نوری
1
,
زهره اسکندری
2
,
محمدرضا شیری شاهسوار
3
,
الهه یوسفی
4
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه رجا، قزوین، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه رجا، قزوین، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی، قزوین، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1402/01/20
تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/04/13
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/10/01
کلید واژه:
اضافه وزن,
بزرگسالان,
تمرینات عملکردی,
محدودیت کالری,
رژیم غذایی اسیدی و قلیایی,
ترکیب بدن,
چربی‌ها,
پروتئین,
لیپیدها,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: چاقی باعث افزایش شاخص‌های التهابی و ایجاد مقاومت به انسولین می‌شود و رژیم غذایی مناسب به همراه تمرینات بدنی منظم در بهبود این شاخص‌ها مؤثر است. از این‌رو، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی 10 هفته محدودیت کالری به همراه رژیم غذایی قلیایی، اسیدی و تمرینات عملکردی بر نیمرخ لیپیدی، ترکیب بدن و سطوح پروتئین واکنشگر C در بزرگسالان چاق و دارای اضافه‌وزن بود.مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق نیمه تجربی 53 بزرگسال (18 مرد، 35 زن) چاق و دارای اضافه‌وزن با میانگین سنی 3/8±4/35 سال به‌صورت داوطلبانه شرکت کردند. محدودیت کالری به همراه رژیم غذایی قلیایی و اسیدی و تمرینات عملکردی در قالب سه گروه تجربی و یک گروه کنترل به مدت 10 هفته اعمال شد. ترکیب بدن (وزن، نسبت دور کمر به باسن، نمایه توده بدنی، توده عضلانی و چربی، چربی احشایی)، شاخص‌های لیپیدی (کلسترول ناشتا، لیپوپروتئین با چگالی بالا، لیپوپروتئین با چگالی کم، تری گلیسیرید) و سطوح پروتئین واکنشگر C اندازه‌گیری شد. از آزمون آنوکووا و بونفرونی برای مقایسه گروه‌ها در پس‌آزمون استفاده گردید و سطح معنی‌داری 05/0 بود.یافته‌ها: ترکیب بدنی (وزن، نمایه توده بدنی، نسبت دور کمر به باسن، توده چربی و چربی احشایی) و کلسترول در گروه رژیم غذایی قلیایی به همراه محدودیت کالری و تمرینات عملکردی در افراد دارای اضافه‌وزن و چاق کاهش یافت (05/0≥P).نتیجه‌گیری: محدودیت کالری و رژیم غذایی قلیایی با کاهش بار اسیدی همراه با تمرینات عملکردی 10 هفته‌ای، منجر به بهبود ترکیب بدن و کلسترول بزرگسالان دارای اضافه‌وزن و چاق می‌شود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Purpose: Obesity increases inflammatory indices and creates insulin resistance, and proper diet along with regular physical exercises are effective in improving these indices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate 10 weeks of calorie restriction along with alkaline, acidic diet and functional exercises on lipid profile, body composition and C-reactive protein levels in obese and overweight adults.Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental research, 53 obese and overweight adults (18 men, 35 women) with an average age of 35.4±8.3 years voluntarily participated. Calorie restriction along with alkaline and acidic diet and functional exercises were applied in three experimental groups and one control group for 10 weeks. Body composition (weight, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, muscle and fat mass, visceral fat), lipid indices (fasting cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride) and C-reactive protein levels were measured. Anukova and Bonferroni tests were used to compare groups in the post-test and the significance level was 0.05.Findings: body composition (weight, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass and visceral fat) and cholesterol decreased in the alkaline diet group along with calorie restriction and functional exercises in overweight and obese people (P≥0.05).Conclusion: Calorie restriction and alkaline diet by reducing acid load along with 10 weeks of functional training lead to improvement of body composition and cholesterol in overweight and obese adults.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Perissiou M, Borkoles E, Kobayashi K & Polman R. The effect of an 8 week prescribed exercise and low-carbohydrate diet on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in obese individuals: a randomised controlled trial. Nutrients. 2020; 12(2): 482.
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Hołowko J, Michalczyk MM, Zając A, Czerwińska-Rogowska M, Ryterska K, Banaszczak M & et al. Six weeks of calorie restriction improves body composition and lipid profile in obese and overweight former athletes. Nutrients. 2019; 11(7): 1461.
Mohammadkhani PG, Irandoust K, Taheri M, Mirmoezzi M & Baić M. Effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and taking caraway supplement on C-reactive protein and sleep quality in obese women. Biological Rhythm Research. 2021; 52(2): 218-26.
Kim K-B, Kim K, Kim C, Kang S-J, Kim HJ, Yoon S & et al. Effects of exercise on the body composition and lipid profile of individuals with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome. 2019; 28(4): 278.
Westphal G, Baruki SBS, de Mori TA, de Lima Montebelo MI & Pazzianotto-Forti EM. Effects of Individualized Functional Training on the Physical Fitness of Women with Obesity. Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes. 2020; 25(268).
La Scala Teixeira CV, Caranti DA, Oyama LM, Padovani RdC, Cuesta MGS, Moraes AdS & et al. Effects of functional training and 2 interdisciplinary interventions on maximal oxygen uptake and weight loss of women with obesity: a randomized clinical trial. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2020; 45(7): 777-83.
Taheri M, Irandost K, Mirmoezzi M & Ramshini M. Effect of aerobic exercise and omega-3 supplementation on psychological aspects and sleep quality in prediabetes elderly women. Sleep and Hypnosis. 2019; 21(2): 170-4.
Applegate C, Mueller M & Zuniga KE. Influence of Dietary Acid Load on Exercise Performance. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 2017; 27(3).
Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Nikniaz L & Nikniaz Z. Higher dietary acid load potentially increases serum triglyceride and obesity prevalence in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one. 2019; 14(5): e0216547.
Yalcinkaya N, Cetin O, Beyleroglu M, Isik O, Eker S & Bilge M. Effect of alkaline diet with 8-week step aerobic exercise on body composition and aerobic exercise performance of sedentary women. Progress in nutrition. 2020; 22: 11-8.
Limmer M, Eibl AD & Platen P. Enhanced 400-m sprint performance in moderately trained participants by a 4-day alkalizing diet: a counterbalanced, randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2018; 15(1): 1-9.
King MB, Judge JO, Whipple R & Wolfson L. Reliability and responsiveness of
two physical performance measures examined in the context of a functional training intervention. Physical therapy. 2000; 80(1): 8-16.
Rossi FE, Fortaleza ACS, Neves LM, Diniz TA, De Castro MR, Buonani C & et al. Combined training (strength plus aerobic) potentiates a reduction in body fat but only functional training reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in postmenopausal women with a similar training load. Journal of exercise rehabilitation. 2017; 13(3): 322.
Douglas CC, Lawrence JC, Bush NC, Oster RA, Gower BA & Darnell BE. Ability of the Harris-Benedict formula to predict energy requirements differs with weight history and ethnicity. Nutr Res. 2007; 27(4): 194-9.
Moholdt T, Silva CP, Lydersen S & Hawley JA. Protocol: Isolated and combined effects of high-intensity interval training and time-restricted eating on glycaemic control in reproductive-aged women with overweight or obesity: study protocol for a four-armed randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2021; 11(2).
Sari-Sarraf V, Parnian-Khajehdizaj N & Ramin A. High-Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Training with Intermittent Calorie Restriction in Overweight Women: Effect on the Inflammation and Lipid Profile. J Sports Sci. 2020; 5(2): 230-46.
Rasouli A, Mohiti S, Javadi M, Panjeshahin A, Kazemi M & Shiri-Shahsavar MR. The effect of daily fast food consumption, family size, weight-caused stress, and sleep quality on eating disorder risk in teenagers. Sleep and Breathing. 2021; 25(3): 1527-33.
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Juraschek SP, Miller ER, Selvin E, Carey VJ, Appel LJ, Christenson RH & et al. Effect of type and amount of dietary carbohydrate on biomarkers of glucose homeostasis and C reactive protein in overweight or obese adults: results from the OmniCarb trial. BMJ open diabetes research and care. 2016; 4(1): e000276.
Clifton PM. Diet and C-reactive protein. Current atherosclerosis reports. 2003; 5(6):
431-6.
_||_
Yusefzadeh H, Rashidi A & Rahimi B. Economic burden of obesity: A systematic review. Social Health and Behavior. 2019; 2(1): 7.
Fallahzadeh H, Saadati H & Keyghobadi N. Estimating the prevalence and trends of obesity in Iran populations from 2000 to 2011: a meta-analysis study. Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2017; 25(9): 681-9.
Perissiou M, Borkoles E, Kobayashi K & Polman R. The effect of an 8 week prescribed exercise and low-carbohydrate diet on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in obese individuals: a randomised controlled trial. Nutrients. 2020; 12(2): 482.
Marandi SM, Abadi NGB, Esfarjani F, Mojtahedi H & Ghasemi G. Effects of intensity of aerobics on body composition and blood lipid profile in obese/overweight females. International journal of preventive medicine. 2013; 4(Suppl 1): S118.
Hołowko J, Michalczyk MM, Zając A, Czerwińska-Rogowska M, Ryterska K, Banaszczak M & et al. Six weeks of calorie restriction improves body composition and lipid profile in obese and overweight former athletes. Nutrients. 2019; 11(7): 1461.
Mohammadkhani PG, Irandoust K, Taheri M, Mirmoezzi M & Baić M. Effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and taking caraway supplement on C-reactive protein and sleep quality in obese women. Biological Rhythm Research. 2021; 52(2): 218-26.
Kim K-B, Kim K, Kim C, Kang S-J, Kim HJ, Yoon S & et al. Effects of exercise on the body composition and lipid profile of individuals with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome. 2019; 28(4): 278.
Westphal G, Baruki SBS, de Mori TA, de Lima Montebelo MI & Pazzianotto-Forti EM. Effects of Individualized Functional Training on the Physical Fitness of Women with Obesity. Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes. 2020; 25(268).
La Scala Teixeira CV, Caranti DA, Oyama LM, Padovani RdC, Cuesta MGS, Moraes AdS & et al. Effects of functional training and 2 interdisciplinary interventions on maximal oxygen uptake and weight loss of women with obesity: a randomized clinical trial. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2020; 45(7): 777-83.
Taheri M, Irandost K, Mirmoezzi M & Ramshini M. Effect of aerobic exercise and omega-3 supplementation on psychological aspects and sleep quality in prediabetes elderly women. Sleep and Hypnosis. 2019; 21(2): 170-4.
Applegate C, Mueller M & Zuniga KE. Influence of Dietary Acid Load on Exercise Performance. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 2017; 27(3).
Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Nikniaz L & Nikniaz Z. Higher dietary acid load potentially increases serum triglyceride and obesity prevalence in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one. 2019; 14(5): e0216547.
Yalcinkaya N, Cetin O, Beyleroglu M, Isik O, Eker S & Bilge M. Effect of alkaline diet with 8-week step aerobic exercise on body composition and aerobic exercise performance of sedentary women. Progress in nutrition. 2020; 22: 11-8.
Limmer M, Eibl AD & Platen P. Enhanced 400-m sprint performance in moderately trained participants by a 4-day alkalizing diet: a counterbalanced, randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2018; 15(1): 1-9.
King MB, Judge JO, Whipple R & Wolfson L. Reliability and responsiveness of
two physical performance measures examined in the context of a functional training intervention. Physical therapy. 2000; 80(1): 8-16.
Rossi FE, Fortaleza ACS, Neves LM, Diniz TA, De Castro MR, Buonani C & et al. Combined training (strength plus aerobic) potentiates a reduction in body fat but only functional training reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in postmenopausal women with a similar training load. Journal of exercise rehabilitation. 2017; 13(3): 322.
Douglas CC, Lawrence JC, Bush NC, Oster RA, Gower BA & Darnell BE. Ability of the Harris-Benedict formula to predict energy requirements differs with weight history and ethnicity. Nutr Res. 2007; 27(4): 194-9.
Moholdt T, Silva CP, Lydersen S & Hawley JA. Protocol: Isolated and combined effects of high-intensity interval training and time-restricted eating on glycaemic control in reproductive-aged women with overweight or obesity: study protocol for a four-armed randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2021; 11(2).
Sari-Sarraf V, Parnian-Khajehdizaj N & Ramin A. High-Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Training with Intermittent Calorie Restriction in Overweight Women: Effect on the Inflammation and Lipid Profile. J Sports Sci. 2020; 5(2): 230-46.
Rasouli A, Mohiti S, Javadi M, Panjeshahin A, Kazemi M & Shiri-Shahsavar MR. The effect of daily fast food consumption, family size, weight-caused stress, and sleep quality on eating disorder risk in teenagers. Sleep and Breathing. 2021; 25(3): 1527-33.
Hottenrott K, Werner T, Hottenrott L, Meyer TP & Vormann J. Exercise training, intermittent fasting and alkaline supplementation as an effective strategy for body weight loss: a 12-week placebo-controlled double-blind intervention with overweight subjects. Life. 2020; 10(5): 74.
Juraschek SP, Miller ER, Selvin E, Carey VJ, Appel LJ, Christenson RH & et al. Effect of type and amount of dietary carbohydrate on biomarkers of glucose homeostasis and C reactive protein in overweight or obese adults: results from the OmniCarb trial. BMJ open diabetes research and care. 2016; 4(1): e000276.
Clifton PM. Diet and C-reactive protein. Current atherosclerosis reports. 2003; 5(6):
431-6.
