بکارگیری فيزيك پزشكي در عمل رادیوتراپی به منظور درمان بهتر و دقيق تر
محورهای موضوعی : بیوفیزیک
1 - Islamic AZAD University, South Tehran Branch
کلید واژه: بافت, دزيمتري, راديوتراپي, زمان تابش دهي, طراحي درمان.,
چکیده مقاله :
دو مورد از موارد بسیار مهمی که امروزه در بحث فيزيك پزشكي و رادیوتراپی مطرح است، طراحی درمان و دزیمتری می باشد. همچنین یکی از موارد بسیار مهم دیگر در امر رادیوتراپی، مدت زمان مناسب برای پرتودهی است و اینکه یک بیمار، چه مدتی می بایست تحت تابش قرار گیرد. چرا که قرارگیری بیش از حد مجاز، باعث صدمه دیدن جدي بافت های سالم شده و قرار نگرفتن به اندازه کافی نیز باعث عدم درمان ضایعه و تومور خواهد گردید. لذا در اين تحقيق، برقراري يك ارتباط بين طراحي درمان و دزيمتري، منجر به تعيين مدت زمان تابش دهي يك بيمار مي گردد كه باعث دقت بسيار بيشتري در عمل راديوتراپي خواهد گرديد. چون تعیین هندسه و ابعاد برخی از بافت های خیلی نازک نظیر بافت پوست یا بافت های مخاطی و نیز مدلسازی آن ها برای محاسبۀ دز جذبی امکان پذیر نیست، از مدل های مختلفی از فانتوم ها به عنوان بافت هاي نرم استفاده مي شود. لذا توسط عمل طراحي درمان و نيز يك دزيمتري دقيق، ميزان زمان پرتودهي مورد نياز براي يك بافت كه پارامتر بسيار مهم و حياتي در عمل راديوتراپي است مي تواند اندازه گيري شود و بدين طريق از جذب دز اضافي ناشي از پرتودهي به بافت هاي سالم بدن جلوگيري نمود.
Two of the most important issues which nowadays are raised in the field of radiotherapy and medical physics, are treatment planning and dosimetry. Also, one of other important issues in radiotherapy practice is the required irradiation time, and the issue of how much time a patient must lie under radiation, because a patient being over-exposed under radiotherapy practice can cause serious damage to the healthy tissues, and being underexposed may also cause lesion and cancerous tumor to fail to be treated well. Thus, in this research, establishing a relationship between treatment planning and dosimetry causes determining the required irradiation time for a patient in a way that it will cause much more accuracy in radiotherapy practice. As specifying the geometry and dimensions of some of the very thin tissues, like skin and mucus tissues, and also their modeling are not possible for the calculation of the absorbed dose, some of the different models of phantoms can be applied as soft tissues. Thus, using treatment planning and also a precise dosimetry can help determine the required irritation time for a tissue, which is a vital parameter in radiotherapy practice. This prevents an overdose of radiation and protects healthy tissues of the body.
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