بررسی موانع توسعه کارآفرینی زنان در ایران با استفاده از فرایند تحلیل سلسلهمراتبی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
عالیه کاظمی
1
(دانشیار دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران)
بهاره مقیمی
2
(کارشناس‌ارشد مدیریت دولتی دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران)
کلید واژه: کارآفرینی, زنان کارآفرین, فرایند تحلیل سلسلهمراتبی,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه زنان نقش مهمی در زمینه کسب و کار دارند. یکی از مهم ترین این کسب و کارها کارافرینی است که سهم بسزایی در رشد اقتصادی کشورها دارد و ضروری است که شرایط مناسب برای خوداشتغالی و توسعه کارآفرینی زنان فراهم گردد. بدیهی است که در مسیر توسعه فعالیتهای کارآفرینانه زنان، موانع و مشکلات گوناگونی وجود دارد که شناسایی و رفع آنها منجر به تسهیل کارآفرینی خواهد شد. مطالعه موانع کارآفرینی زنان به شناسایی محدودیتهای موجود، اصلاح مسیر آتی و در نهایت افزایش کارآیی فردی و اجتماعی آنان کمک میکند. هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی و اولویتبندی موانع توسعه کارآفرینی زنان در ایران است. در این راستا، موانع فردی، محیطی، زیربنایی، شروع و ادامه کار، سازمانی و شغلی شناسایی شده و در ادامه این موانع از دیدگاه زنان کارآفرین ایران و اساتید رشته کارآفرینی اولویتبندی شدهاند. اولویتبندی موانع از دیدگاه خبرگان، با روش فرایند تحلیل سلسلهمراتبی انجام شده است. نتایج نشان داد مهمترین موانع کارآفرینی زنان، از نظر مردان موانع زیربنایی و از نظر زنان عوامل محیطی است.
Nowadays, women have an important role in business. One of the most important businesses is entrepreneurship that has a significant role in economic growth of countries and it is necessary to provide suitable conditions for self-employment and entrepreneurship development for women. It is obvious that there are some barriers and problems that women face on their way towards the development of entrepreneurial activities. Identifying and removing these barriers will lead to facilitating entrepreneurship. So, studying the barriers of women's entrepreneurship is useful for identifying the limitations and modifying the future way. In addition, it can ultimately help to increase personal and social performance. The aim of this study is to identify and prioritize the barriers of the development of women's entrepreneurship in Iran. In this regard, individual barriers, environment, infrastructure, starting and continuing work, organization, and job are identified and these barriers are prioritized from the perspective of Iranian entrepreneurial women and entrepreneurship faculty. Prioritization of barriers were carried out from the perspective of experts, using the hierarchical analysis process method. The results showed that the main barriers of women's entrepreneurship, based on men’s perspectives are basic barriers and based on women’s perspectives are environmental factors.
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