تحلیل بزهدیدگی زنان در رمان «سنگ صبور» بر مبنای جامعه‌شناسی جنایی
محورهای موضوعی : تربیت بدنی، مدیریت ورزشی، علوم ورزشی
علی مولابیگی
1
,
سیدحسام الدین سیداصفهانی
2
1 - دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران، گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشگاه مونکتون، گروه جامعه شناسی و جرم شناسی، مونکتون، کانادا.
کلید واژه: رمان سنگ صبور, بزهدیدگی زنان, جامعه شناسی جنایی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، تحلیل بزه دیدگی زنان در رُمان سنگ صبور صادق چوبک بر مبنای جامعه شناسی جنایی می‌باشد. جامعه شامل این اثر بوده و نمونه موردی پژوهش زنان بزه‌دیده در این داستان است. طرح پژوهش از نوع تحلیل گفتمان کیفی بوده و گردآوری اطلاعات از طریق فیش‌برداری صورت گرفته است. برای تحلیل داده‌ها نیز از روش تحلیل محتوا استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که، یکی از بحران‌های کنونی اجتماع بشری، رشد روزافزون خشونت و بزهدیدگی زنان است. بدرفتاری با زنان در همه کشورهای جهان مسأله عمومی تلقی شده و دارای پیامدهای بغرنجی است. این موضوع در ادبیات داستانی ایران به ویژه آثار صادق چوبک نمود فراوانی داشته به گونه‌ای که شاکله اصلی داستان‌های وی را زنان آسیب‌پذیر تشکیل دادند. او با نگاهی واقع‌گرا به مسائل پیرامونی خود، به خصوص در رمان سنگ صبور سعی در نشان دادن مهم‌ترین آسیب‌های اجتماعی دوران خود داشته است. صادق چوبک زنان را بیش از دیگران در برابر خشونت، در معرض خطر دانسته است. او در بعد خشونت توجه خود را بیشتر بر خشونت روحی در عرصه خصوصی و خشونت غیرزناشویی و بهره‌کشی اقتصادی در عرصه عمومی قرار داده است. این امر را او از یک‌سو، ناشی از شرایط اجتماعی مردسالار آن دوران و از سویی دیگر معلول مشکلات اقتصادی رایج آن عصر چون فقر و نداشتن شغل مناسب می‌داند. از این‌رو با نگاه به آموزه‌های جامعه‌شناسی جنایی می‌توان این رُمان را بر مبنای نظریه فعالیت روزمره و سبک زندگی پیوند زده و آن را تحلیل جرم‌شناسانه و جامعه‌شناسانه نمود.
The present study aimed to analyze the victimization of women in Sadegh Chubak Sang-e Sabur's (Good Listener) novel based on criminal sociology. The statistical universe was the mentioned work and the studied sample embraced the victim women of the novel. The research design was qualitative discourse analysis, and data was collected through note taking on index cards. The data was analyzed by content analysis method. The results showed that one of the current crises of human society is the growing violence and victimization of women. Abuse of women is considered a common problem in all countries of the world and has complicated consequences. This issue has been reflected in Iranian fiction, especially in the works of Sadegh Chubak, so that the main structure of his stories was vulnerable women. He tried to show the most important social harms of his time with a realistic view of the surrounding issues, especially in the novel Sang-e Sabour. Sadegh Chubak considered the women to be more at risk of violence than others. In the dimension of violence, he focused more on psychological violence in the private sphere and non-marital violence and economic exploitation in the public sphere. He attributeed this, on the one hand, to the patriarchal social conditions of the reign and, on the other hand, to the common economic problems of the era, such as poverty and lack of suitable jobs. Therefore, concerning the doctrines of criminal sociology, this novel can be linked to the theory of daily activity and, lifestyle and it can be analyzed from criminological and sociological point of views.
Burgess, A., Cheryl, R., & Arraberts, A. (2012). Victimology, theories and applications. Translated by Malek Mohammadi, H. (2016). Tehran: Mizan. URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/11266404
Chubak, S. (1973). Sange sabour novel. Tehran: Javidan Publishing. [Persian] URL: https://dehlinks.ir/fa/book/romance/book/19180
Chubak, S. (2019). The last light. Tehran: Jame Daran. URL: https://www.iranketab.ir/book/12264-the-last-alms
Chubak, S. (2020). The puppet show. Tehran: Jame Daran. URL: https://www.iranketab.ir/book/6372-the-puppet-show
Danesh, P., Sharbatian, M. H., & Tawafi, P. (2017). Sociological analysis of domestic violence against women and Its relationship with the feeling of security at home (Case Study of Women aged 18-54 in Mianeh City). Strategic Research in Security and Social Order, 6(16), 47-72. [Persian] URL: http://jzvj.miau.ac.ir/article_793.html
Derakhshanpour, F., Mahboubi, H., & Keshavarzi, S. (2014). Prevalence of domestic violence against women in bandar abbas. Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, 16(1), 126-131. [Persian] URL: https://www.sid.ir/Fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=213969
Goldscheid, J., & Liebowitz, D. (2015). Due diligence and gender violence: Praising its power and its perils. Cornell International law Journal, 48(2), 301-342. URL: https://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cilj/vol48/iss2/2
Golshiri, H. (2018). Garden in the garden. Tehran: Niloufar Publications. [Persian] URL: https://www.iranketab.ir/book/13498
Maggie, H., & Gamble, S. (2000). Culture of feminist theories. Translated by Qara Daghi, F., Ahmadi Khorasani, N., & Mohajer, F. (2003). Tehran: Tose'e Publications. URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/11063899
Mashhadi, A., & Karami, M. (2020). Protection of women against violence in the light of the 2011 istanbul convention on the prevention and combating of violence against women. Journal of Public Law Studies, 50(2), 737-755. [Persian] URL: http://ensani.ir/fa/article/420043
Mir Abedini, H. (2017). One hundred years of Iranian Fiction. Tehran: Cheshmeh Publishing. [Persian] URL: https://www.iranketab.ir/book/13418-100-years-of-iranian-writing
Moghadasi, M.B., & Ameri, Z. (2016). Forced marriage, from prohibition to criminalization. Doctrines of Criminal Law, 12(13), 169 – 198. [Persian] URL: https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/1238808
Momeni Rad, A. (2013). Qualitative content analysis in the mirror of research; nature, stages and validity of results. Quarterly Journal of Educational Measurement, 4(14), 187-222. [Persian] URL: http://ensani.ir/fa/article/337710
Najafi Abrandabadi, A.H. (2012). Discussions in criminal sciences (Lectures). by Ebrahimi, Sh. [Persian] URL: http://www.lawtest.ir
Narcissus, E. (2011). Gender Anthropology. Translated by Nourizadeh Chegini, B. (2015). Tehran: Afkar Publishing. URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/1787042
Pirooz, G. (2007). Themes of Sadegh Chubak's stories based on the novel Sang-e Sabour. Journal of Humanities, 54(2), 287-308. [Persian] URL: http://ensani.ir/fa/article/226380
Payende, H. (2016). Short story in Iran (realist and naturalist stories). Tehran: Niloufar Publications. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/11657433
Rahgshaei, H. (2016). The role of government intervention in domestic violence against women from a human rights perspective. Studies on the Protection of Women's Rights, 2(4), 121-149. [Persian] URL: http://ensani.ir/fa/article/366532
Raijian, M. (2011). Supportive victimology. Tehran: Published by Justice. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/1769903
Rayejian, M. (2013). Introducing general theory of victimology in criminal sciences. The International Journal of Humanities, 20(3), 53-79. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332864714
Riahi, M.I., & Lotfi Khachki, T. (2015). Social analysis of factors affecting the harassment of women and girls in the street (Case Study of Female Students of Mazandaran University). Strategic Research in Social Issues of Iran, 13(2), 69-88. [persian] URL: http://ensani.ir/fa/article/360778
Salamat Azar, R. (2012). A study of sadegh chubak's sange sabour novel according to his short stories. Scientific and Research Journal of Persian Language and Literature. Islamic Azad University. Fasa Branch, 3(1), 97-115. [Persian] URL: https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=232090
Shadmani, M. (2017). Analysis and study of violence against women (Case Study of Women in Europe). Quarterly Journal of Women's Rights Protection Studies, 3(9), 61-86. [Persian] URL: http://ensani.ir/fa/article/375334
Shahideh, F. (2014). Victimology (the role of the victim in committing a crime and determining punishment). Tehran: Majd Publications. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/11462832
Siegel, L. J. (2017). Criminology: the core. Wadsworth: Cengage Learning. URL: https://www.amazon.com/Criminology-Core-Larry-J-Siegel/dp/1337557714
Talkhabi, M., & Aghdaei, T. (2016). Sadegh chubak's naturalistic report on the image of a woman in Sang-e-Sabour (feminist critique of Sang-e-Sabour). Baharestan Sokhan, 13(32), 157-180. [Persian] URL: https://www.sid.ir/Fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=276357
Yavari, H. (2008). Psychoanalysis and literature "Two texts, two people, two worlds" from Bahram Gore to the narrator of the blind owl. Tehran: Sokhan Publications. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/1486976
_||_