واکاوی اثرات گردشگری و نقش آن در توسعه شهری مطالعه موردی: شهربجنورد

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مرتضی رمضانی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،گروه جغرافیا، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.)
مهدی وطن پرست ² (استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،گروه جغرافیا، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران.)
عزت الله مافی ³ (دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،گروه جغرافیا، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/12/12 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/06/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/02/01

کلید واژه: توسعه شهری, گردشگری شهری, شهر بجنورد,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده
گردشگری، از فعالیت های مهم با پیامدهای اقتصادی، اجتماعی و محیطی در شهرهاست. سیاست توسعه گردشگری، رویکردی است که شهر با تاکید بر آن می تواند ضمن افزایش منافع آن، تاثیرات منفی را به حداقل کاهش دهد. این رویکرد در توسعه شهری نقش مهمی ایفا می کند و اثرات مختلفی را نیز دارد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش واکاوی اثرات گردشگری و نقش آن در توسعه شهر بجنورد است. تحقیق حاضر از نوع کاربردی بوده و روش آن نیز توصیفی- تحلیلی است. روایی محتوایی ابزار پژوهش با نظر متخصصان(20 نفر) و پایایی آن با استفاده از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ به میزان718/0 تایید شد. برای تحلیل داده ها، نرم افزارSPSS و AMOS مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را شهروندان شهر بجنورد به تعداد 233810 نفر تشکیل داده اند. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به تعداد 384 نفر محاسبه و بصورت تصادفی در سطح شهر بجنورد توزیع گردید. نتیجه معادلات ساختاری نشان می دهد با اطمینان 95درصد توسعه گردشگری بر توسعه شهری بجنورد تاثیرگذار بوده است. همچنین در بین متغیرهای تبیین کننده توسعه شهری، رشد خدمات فرهنگی با بار عاملی67/0 بیشترین همبستگی را با متغیر پنهان توسعه شهری داشته است. متغیر توسعه تسهیلات و خدمات زیربنایی و عمرانی با بار عاملی 66/0 در جایگاه دوم و متغیر بهبود معیشت ساکنین با بار عاملی 56/0 در رتبه سوم قرار گرفته است. متغیر افزایش خدمات عمومی با بارعاملی 52/0، کمترین میزان همبستگی با متغیر پنهان را داشته است؛ همچنین نتایج حاصل از مدل ساختاری بیانگر این است که گردشگری نقش مهمی در توسعه شهری بجنورد دارد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Tourism is one of the important activities with economic, social and environmental consequences in cities. Tourism development policy is an approach that the city can emphasize by minimizing its negative effects while increasing its benefits. This approach plays an important role in urban development and has various effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of tourism and its role in the development of Bojnourd. The present research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. The content validity of the research instrument was confirmed by experts (20 people) and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test of 0.718. SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis. The statistical population of the study consists of 233810 citizens of Bojnourd. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula to 384 people and was randomly distributed in Bojnourd. The result of structural equations shows that 95% confidence in tourism development has affected the urban development of Bojnourd. Also, among the variables explaining urban development, the growth of cultural services with a factor load of 0.67 had the highest correlation with the hidden variable of urban development. The variable of development of infrastructure and construction facilities and services with a factor load of 0.66 is in the second place and the variable of improving the livelihood of residents with a factor load of 0.56 is in the third place. The variable of increasing public services with a factor load of 0.52 had the lowest correlation with the hidden variable; Also, the results of the structural model indicate that tourism has an important role in urban development of Bojnourd.

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