ارزیابی عوامل مؤثر بر رضایت مندی ساکنین از زیست پذیری شهری در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی کلانشهر تبریز (مطالعه موردی: محله پاسداران)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
علی اسکوئی ارس
1
*
,
علی آذر
2
1 - گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه معماری و شهرسازی، واحد مراغه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مراغه، ایران
کلید واژه: تبریز, زیست پذیری شهری, سکونتگاه های غیررسمی, خدمات شهروندی, پاسداران,
چکیده مقاله :
مفهوم زیست پذیری شهری، از مؤلفه های اساسی شهرگرایی و ارتقای پایداری سکونتگاه های انسانی و مجموعه های زیستی است. با توجه به تنزل کیفیت سکونتی در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی، بررسی و ارزیابی شاخص های زیستپ ذیری شهری در این نوع از سکونتگاه ها اهمیت ویژه ای در مدیریت شهری دارد. چراکه ساکنین در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی به عنوان اقشار آسیب پذیر اجتماع شهری محسوب می شوند که اغلب از حداقل خدمات شهروندی محروم هستند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی میزان رضایت مندی ساکنین از شاخص های زیست پذیری شهری در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی محله پاسداران تبریز است. روش تحقیق، توصیفی – تحلیلی و رویکرد تحقیق کیفی و کمی و ماهیت تحقیق کاربردی می باشد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از ابزار پرسشنامه و از آزمون های تی تک نمونه ای، تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه، فریدمن و کروسکال والیس استفاده شده است. داده های پژوهش با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه ای و بررسی میدانی گردآوری شده و حجم نمونه هم براساس فرمول کوکران معادل 379 نفر برآورد شده است. شاخص های تعیین شده در این پژوهش به ترتیب شاخص «آموزشی»، شاخص «کالبدی»، شاخص «خدماتی»، شاخص «بهداشتی»، شاخص «اجتماعی» و شاخص «رفاهی» هستند. نتایج تحلیل داده ها حاکی از آن است که از نظر ساکنین سکونگاه های غیررسمی محله پاسداران تبریز در میان مؤلفه های ارزیابی میزان زیست پذیری، مؤلفه«آموزشی» بیشترین اهمیت را دارد. همچنین به ترتیب مؤلفه های «اجتماعی» (3/82)، «کالبدی» (3/61)، «رفاهی» (3/37)، «بهداشتی» (3/03) و در نهایت مؤلفه «خدماتی» (3) در رتبه های دوم تا ششم قرار گرفته اند. رتبه بندی مذکور بیانگر آن است که میزان اهمیت مؤلفه های زیست پذیری شهری از نظر ساکنین در محله پاسداران تبریز یکسان نیست و به طور کلی رضایت مندی ساکنین از شاخص های زیست پذیری شهری پایین تر از حد متوسط می باشد.
The concept of urban livability is one of the basic components of urbanism and promotes the sustainability of human settlements and biological complexes. Considering the degradation of residential quality in informal settlements, the investigation and evaluation of urban livability indicators in this type of settlement is particularly important in urban management. Because the residents of informal settlements are considered the vulnerable sections of the urban community, who are often deprived of minimum citizen services. The current research aims to evaluate the level of satisfaction of the residents with the indicators of urban livability in the informal settlements of the Pasdaran neighborhood of Tabriz. The research method is descriptive-analytical and qualitative and quantitative research approach and the nature of the research is applied. To analyze the data, questionnaire tools and one-sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis were used. The research data was collected using library studies and field surveys, and the sample size was estimated to be 379 people based on Cochran's formula. The indicators determined in this research are the "educational" index, "physical" index, "service" index, "health" index, "social" index, and "welfare" index, respectively. The results of the data analysis indicate that the "educational" component is the most important among the components of assessing the level of livability according to the residents of the informal settlements of the Pasdaran neighborhood in Tabriz. Also, the components of "social" (3.82), "physical" (3.61), "welfare" (3.37), "health" (3.03), and finally the "service" component (3) are ranked second to sixth. The mentioned ranking shows that the importance of urban livability components is not the same according to the residents in the Pasdaran neighborhood of Tabriz and in general the residents' satisfaction with urban livability indicators is lower than average.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Green space is one of the main issues in the design of a city is one of the most important service uses that provide sustainable development of cities. Today, urban planning without considering green space has no meaning and has become an integral part of urban design and urban planning. Urban planners are trying to beautify the landscape of the city by green space and related urban furniture and make the rough surface of the city refreshing. Today, the tourism industry has become one of the largest and most lucrative economic sectors in the world. Urban tourism is a type of tourism in which citizens interested in various attractions such as cultural, historical, religious and natural attractions spend part of their leisure time in these places while traveling responsibly.
Methodology
In terms of applied and developmental purpose, the present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection method and in the form of a survey or field in which a researcher has made a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study is citizens, travelers and those referring to urban green spaces, which will be selected based on stratified random sampling method and using Cochran's formula. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that was distributed among the selected sample. To analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire, sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used.
Results and discussion
To measure the level of residents' satisfaction with urban livability indicators, a one-sample T-test was used. The results of the test show that the residents' satisfaction with the indicators of urban livability in the informal settlement of the Pasdaran neighborhood of Tabriz is at a low level (below the average level). And it can also be said that the level of satisfaction of the residents with the index of housing, public transportation, health and treatment, social and personal security, social participation, and leisure time in the informal settlement of the Pasdaran neighborhood of Tabriz is at a low level (below the average level). . The results of the one-way variance analysis test show that the people who are unemployed (unemployed), simple workers, students, housewives, marketers and finally retirees are dissatisfied with urban livability in Pasdaran neighborhood of Tabriz. It is at a certain level and spectrum and there is not much difference in their opinions. A comparison of the average residential satisfaction indicators shows that the highest average (2.28) belongs to the educational index and the lowest average (1.98) is related to the health index. The comparison of the average ratings shows that the highest average rating, (4.16), belongs to the educational index, which means that the most important index in gaining residents' satisfaction with urban livability is the educational index. After the above index, the most important indicators are: social (3.82), physical (3.61), welfare (3.37), health (3.03), and services. (3).
Conclusion
The results of the research showed that the level of satisfaction of residents of the Pasdaran neighborhood of Tabriz with urban livability was below average with an average of (2.12). And in order, the highest level of satisfaction with the indicators of urban livability related to the indicators of educational services, (2.29), social participation, (2.26), housing, (2.18), social security and Individual, (2/09), leisure time, (2/07), public transportation, (1/99) and finally health and treatment, (1/98). The job status of the respondents did not influence their level of satisfaction with urban livability. The results of measuring the satisfaction of the components of urban livability indicated that the educational dimension (educational spaces) had the highest rank with an average of 4.16, followed by the social dimension (3.82) in the second rank., the physical dimension (3.61) is in the third rank, the welfare dimension (3.37) is in the fourth rank, the health dimension (3.03) is in the fifth rank, and finally, the service dimension (3) is in the last rank.
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