تحلیل رابطه شهر و روستا در استان فارس جهت تعادل بخشی پایدار جمعیتی از طریق توسعه پایدار گردشگری
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی روستایی و عشایریعلی شجاعی فرد 1 , علی شکور 2 , محمد امید 3
1 - استادیار گروه مدیریت کارآفرینی دانشگاه پیام نور،تهران،ایران
2 - . استاد گروه جغرافیای انسانی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه مدیریت، واحد قشم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قشم، ایران
کلید واژه: استان فارس, توسعه پایدار گردشگری, پایداری جمعیت, رابطه شهر و روستا,
چکیده مقاله :
روابط میان شهر و روستا به صورت های گوناگرن بر شکل پذیری، رشد و توسعه سکونت گاه های روستایی و همچنین بر روابط درونی و بیرونی آن ها اثر می گذارد. لذا رفع نیازهای اساسی شهر و روستا و ایجاد یک رابطه متعادل و پایداری بین شهر و حوزه نفوذ آن، می تواند با معیارسنجی پایداری جمعیتی از طریق توسعه پایدار روستایی و گردشگری صورت پذیرد. لذا در این تحقیق با هدف بررسی رابطه شهر و روستا در جهت تعادل بخشی پایدار جمعیتی از طریق توسعه پایدار گردشگری و تعیین حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 34 آبادی از شهرستان شیراز و 363 خانوار از روستاهای منتخب و با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSSو تحلیل آماری داده ها (تحلیل خوشه ای و آزمون آنووا ) در 2 گروه توصیفی و تحلیلی به بررسی هدف فوق پرداخته است. نتایج بدست آمده که بر اساس تحلیل خوشه ای بررسی رابطه روستا-شهری بر مبنای بهبود پایداری جمعیتی، در بعد اقتصادی، 7/14 درصد از روستاها پایدار، در بعد اجتماعی- فرهنگی 7/14 درصد از روستاها پایدار و در بعد زیست محیطی 9/52 درصد از روستا به لحاظ زیست محیطی پایدار هستند و بر اساس آزمون ANOVA روابط روستا – شهری در روستاهای پایدار قوی تر می باشد. اما نتایج بدست آمده از آزمون ANOVA در بررسی رابطه روستا- شهری سبب بهبود پایداری گردشگری نمی‌گردد.
The relationship between the city and the village in various ways affects the animation, the growth and development of various industries in the village, as well as its internal and external relations. To meet the basic needs of the city and the countryside and create a balanced and sustainable relationship between the city and its sphere of influence, you can measure population sustainability through sustainable rural development and tourism. Therefore, in this study, with the aim of investigating the relationship between city and village in order to balance a sustainable part of the population through sustainable tourism development and determining the sample size using the Cochran 34 Abadi formula from Shiraz and 363 households from selected villages using SPSS software Statistical analysis of data (cluster analysis and ANOVA test) in two groups of descriptive and analytical to evaluate the extraordinary goal. The results obtained that based on cluster analysis of rural-urban relationship based on improving population sustainability, in the economic dimension, 14.7% of villages are sustainable, in the socio-cultural dimension 14.7% of reports of sustainable villages and in the environmental dimension 9 / 52 There are reports from the village to the environment of a sustainable environment and according to the ANOVA test, rural-urban relations are stronger in sustainable villages, but the results of the ANOVA test in the study of the rural-urban relationship make tourism unsustainable.
Agha Jani, M, Zandavi, S.M, Atai, A. (2014). The role of tourism in changing the function of villages with emphasis on sustainability indicators Case study: Arbakleh and Lersanvar villages of Ramsar city, 11, 7-22. (in Persian)
Alikhani, L, Vaez Tehrani, M. (2010). A Critique of the Sustainable Development of Rural Population in Iran, Journal of Water and Environment, 78, 1-16. (in Persian)
Barani, M. (2012). Study the tourists tendency of tourism to use formal residential units in the Sary City, Master's Degree Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Sary Branch, p178.
Bowe, Scott A. and W. Marcouiller, David (2007) Alternative tourism–timber dependencies and the development of forested rural regions, Forest Policy and Economics 9(2007) 653–670
Clayton, B. D, Dent, D. and Dubois. (2005), Rural Planning in DevelopingCountries, Earthscan Publication Ltd London.
Ebrahimi, K, Yari Hesar, A, (2016). Study of Sustainable Rural Tourism Development (Explaining Concepts, Needs and Challenges), International Conference on Natural Resources, Agricultural Engineering, Environment and Rural Development, Tehran, Shabak Knowledge Management Institute, 1-22. (in Persian)
Ebrahimi, K, Yari Hesar, A, Naseri, R, Karami, S, (2018). A Study of Sustainable Rural Tourism Development Strategies Using the SWOT Model; Case study: Onar village, Ardabil province, Quarterly Journal of Environmental Studies, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development 2 (3),1-14(in Persian).
Farbod, I, Oladi, B, Abbasi, N, (2014). Questionnaire data analysis using SPSS 22 software, Abed Publications. Sixth edition. (in Persian).
Firooznia, G, (2017). Factors Affecting The Survival Of The Adult Population In Metropolitan Rural Areas Case Study Rural District Sooleghan Tehran Township, Journal Geographical Planing Of Space, 7 (25), 55-72 (in Persian)
Gocic, M., & S. Trajkovic, (2014). Spatiotemporal characteristics of drought in Serbia. Journal of Hydrology. 510, 110 - 123.
Ghanimat, E, Pak Tinat, E, Ghanimat, B, (2016). The need to pay attention to the sustainable development of villages and cities in Iran, 9th Congress of Pioneers of Progress, Tehran, the center of the Iranian Islamic model of progress, 1-8. (in Persian).
Ghasemi, M, (2016). Explaining the relationship between population and sustainable rural development. Case study: Mashhad, Journal of Space Geography, sixth year, serial number twenty-one, 27-43. (in Persian)
Hall, C.M. and David, B.W. (2009). Sustainable tourism futures, Routledge
Imani, B, Momeni, A, (2018). Sustainable Rural Development Foresight, The First National Conference on Strategic Foresight in the Field of Geographical Sciences and Urban-Regional Studies, Kerman, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. 1-9. (in Persian)
Khorshid Doust, A.M, Shirzad, A.A, (2014). The Study Of Precipitation In North OF Iran Using Cluster And Discriminative Function Analyses, Journal Of Geography And Planning, 18 (49), 101-118. (in Persian).
Karimi Kandazi, S, (2018). The study of the development of rural areas from the link between city and village, the first national conference on strategic foresight in the field of geographical sciences and urban-regional studies, Kerman, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,1-10. (in Persian)
Lynch, K, (2012), Urban-Rural Interactions in a Developing World, translated by Nasrullah Falahatbar, Geographical Organization of the Armed Forces Publications, Tehran, First Edition.
Lipton, m. (1982). why poor people stay poor, in Harriss(ed) Rural Development, 66-81.
Mirzaee Ghalee, F, Kalantary, B, Molaei Qelichi, M, Azmi, A, (2013). Analysis of Rural and Urban Mutual Relationships in the Amount of Development of the Vilages of Homeh Rural District in Harsin County, Housing and Rural Environment, 32 (143), 89-100. (in Persian).
Mohammadi Yeganeh, B, Sanai Moghadam, S, (2017), Analysis Of The Effects of Rural-Urban Migration Between City and Village Case Study Poshte Zilaie County Dehdasht Township, Journal of Regional Planning, 7 (27), 103-116(in Persian)
Motiei Langroudi, H, Rezvani, M.Z, Noorbakhsh, M, Akbar Pour Saraskanroud, M, (2013), Defining Appropriate Strategies For Maintaining The Populations in Rural Settlements Case Study Solok Rural District Hashtroud County, Journal Housing And Rural Environment, 32 (142), 83-96. (in Persian)
Moghiseh, M, Zebardast, E, (2019), Analysis of urban-rural relations in regional development Case study: Mashhad urban complex, Quarterly Journal of Urban Studies, 30, 85-95. (in Persian).
Poor Pouyan, H.R, Soleimani Shiri, M, Farajkordeh, K, (2007), Study and analysis of the role of land management in the stability of urban-rural relations, National Conference on Geography and Land Management, Hamadan, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan Branch, 1-11.(in Persian)
Pigram, John J and Jenkins, John M (1999), outdoor recreation management, first publication, routladge, London and new York.
Risteskia, M., Kocevskia, J. & Arnaudov, K., (2012), Spatial Planning and Sustainable Tourism as basis for Developing Competitive Tourist Destinations, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 44, 375-386.
Rusta, Z, Manavari, M, Darvish, M, (2013), Evaluation of the physical development trend of Shiraz and the effect of physiographic conditions on the trend of land use changes, Geography and Environmental Planning (Journal of Humanities Research, University of Isfahan), 24 (1), 183-200. .(in Persian)
Shen, F. (2009). Tourism and Sustainable Livelihoods Approach: Application within the Chinese Context. Ph.D. Thesis, Lincoln University.
Sheng. Y.k, (2002), Poverty allevationthroth rural-urban linkages; policy implications, Econionomic and Social commission for Asia and Pacific (ESCAP).
Rokhsarzadeh, E, Porfikouei, A, Ghorashi Minaabad, M.B, (2016), Analysis of influential factors in urban-rural links in Astara city, Human settlement planning studies, 11, (35), 16 -1. (in Persian)
Rezvani, M.R, Badri, A, Torabi, Z, Malekan, A, Asghari, A, (2016), Sustainable Rural Tourism in the Margins of Tehran Metropolis From the Perspective of Ahar, Journal of Rural Research, 7 (2), 286-299. (in Persian).
Shakori, A, Bahrami, SH, (2014), A Study of the Rural Tourism Impact on Poverty Reduction Using a Sustainable Livelihood Perspective: Villages of Glaehnou and Galin in Rey County, Journal of Community Development (Rural and Urban Communities) (Towsee Rostaei), 6 (1), 1-24. (in Persian)
Taleshi, M, Amirfakhrian, M, (2012), Application of Quantitative Model of Spatial Population Analysis in the Management of Rural Settlements: A Case Study of Khorasan Razavi Province, Rural Research, 3 (4), 111-134. (in Persian)
Tacoli. C, (2003), Linkag between urban and rural development, Environment and Urbanization, 15 (2), 3-12.
Zomorodian, Z, Tahsildoost, M, (2019), Capacities, Barriers and Incentives for Developent of Renewable Energies in Iran’ s Rural Areas, Housing and Rural Environment, 38 (165), 17-32(in Persian)
_||_