مقایسه تأثیر مشاوره گروهی مبتنی بر زوج‌درمانی به شیوه گاتمن و سیستمی‌-‌رفتاری بر صمیمیت زناشویی زنان متاهل

محورهای موضوعی : تکتونواستراتیگرافی

محمدرئوف فتاحی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری مشاوره، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده ادبیات، علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران، ایران)
محسن رسولی ² (استادیار گروه مشاوره دانشگاه خوارزمی، کرج، ایران)
کیانوش زهراکار ³ (دانشیار گروه مشاوره دانشگاه خوارزمی، کرج، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/01/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/07/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/08/01

کلید واژه: روش گاتمن, سیستمی-رفتاری, کلیدواژه: زوج‌درمانی, صمیمت زناشویی,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه: هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی و مقایسه تأثیر دو روش مشاوره گروهی مبتنی بر زوج درمانی گاتمن و سیستمی-رفتاری بر صمیمیت زناشویی زنان متاهل شهر تهران می باشد. روش: پژوهش از نوع آزمایشی با اندازه‌گیری مکرر و با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با دو گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه کنترل می‌باشد و برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه‌های صمیمیت زناشویی الکسیس. جی واکر و لیندا تامپسون (MIS) استفاده شد. تحلیل کوواریانس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 23 انجام گرفت. جامعه آماری موردنظر شامل 100 نفر از زنان متأهل شهر تهران می‌باشد که داوطلبانه در سال 1398 به مراکز مشاوره فرا ذهن و مهمید تهران مراجعه کردند. تعداد 36 نفر که دارای کمترین نمرات از پرسشنامه صمیمت زناشویی بودند انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه 12 نفری قرار گرفتند. گروه‌های آزمایش و کنترل به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب و هیچ مداخله‌ای روی گروه کنترل انجام نشد. پیش‌آزمون از هر سه گروه به عمل آمد و پس از پایان 14جلسه90 دقیقه ای زوج‌درمانی گروهی، پس‌آزمون گرفته شد و یک ماه بعد، آزمون پیگیری از گروه‌ها به عمل آمد. یافته­ها: نتایج  داده ها نشان داد که زوج‌درمانی به شیوه گاتمن و زوج‌درمانی سیستمی-رفتاری روی صمیمت زناشویی مؤثر بوده و این اثرگذاری در مرحله پیگیری هم پایدار بوده است، اما تفاوت معناداری بین این دو رویکرد ازلحاظ اثربخشی روی صمیمت زناشویی دیده نشد. نتیجه­گیری: با توجه به اثربخشی رویکردهای مورد مطالعه ، توصیه می شود از این رویکردها در مراکز مشاوره خانواده برای افزایش صمیمیت و رضایت زناشویی استفاده شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract



Current study's aim is to investigate and compare the effect of two methods, group counseling based on Gottman couple therapy and systemic-behavioral method on marital intimacy of married women in Tehran. The research is an experimental one with repeated measurement with pre-test, post-test and follow up with two experimental groups and one control group and to collect data from the Alexis J. Walker and Linda Thompson Marital Intimacy Questionnaire (MIS) were used. Univariate analysis of covariance was performed using SPSS software version 23. The statistical population Included 100 married women who voluntarily referred to Mahmed and FraZahn Counseling Centers in Tehran in 2019.From this population, 36 people who received the lowest scores of the Marital Intimacy Questionnaire were selected and randomly divided into three groups of 12 each. Experimental and control groups were selected randomly and no intervention was performed on the control group. Pre-test was performed on all three groups and after of 14 sessions of 90 minutesgroup couple therapy, post-test was taken and one month later, follow-up test was performed on the groups.The Results showed that: Gottman method couple therapy and systemic-behavioral on marital intimacy has been effective and that this effect had remained constant in the follow-up phase but there was no significant difference between these two methods in terms of effectiveness on marital intimacy.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Afshari, H. (2014). Component of relational ethics as predicted marital intimacy and commitment of female employees Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.(Master's Degree in Family Counseling). Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. https://www.virascience.com/thesis/author/497582/


2. Ahangran Arjumandi, M. (2016). The Effectiveness of Gutman System Couples Therapy on Couples' Life Satisfaction and Happiness. ]Master's Degree in Clinical Psychology[. Faculty of Humanities and Psychology, Shahrood Azad University. http://hf.iau-shahrood.ac.ir/fa/page/1301/


3. Ajeli Lahiji, L., Besharat, M. A. (2016 The effect of participation in psycho- educational program based on Gottmans' systemic-behavioral approach in couples' dyadic adjustment and positive feelings. Journal of Pathology, Family Counseling and Enrichment, 3(1) (successive), 1-20. http://fpcej.ir/article-1-154-fa.html


4. Bagarozi, Dennis (2001). Increasing intimacy in marriage, a practical guide for counselors (Hamid Atashpour, Ozra Etemadi and Azadeh Bayat, translators, 2006). Isfahan: Khorasgan Azad University. https://www.khuisf.ac.ir


5. Bagarozi, Dennis (2001). Intimacy enhancement techniques in couple therapy (Zahra Andouz and Hassan Hamidpour, translators, 2014). Tehran: Arjmand Publications. https://www.arjmandpub.com/


6. Bagarozzi, D. A. (2001). Enhancing intimacy in marriage: Branner – Routledge.: Taylor & Francis Group. U.S.A.https://www.routledge.com/


7. Bahramee , Fatemeh ; Faatehee zadeh, M and Oaliyaa, N. (1384). Construction and determination of validity and reliability of couples intimacy Scale. 8th research week, University of Isfahan.https://madsg.com/


8. Barnes, G. G. (1998). Family Therapy in Changing Times: Basic Texts in Counseling and New York, NY, USA: Palgrave Macmillan. https://books.google.com/books


9. Boroumand, Reza. (2018). Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Group Counseling Based on Selection Theory and Gottman Theory on Increasing Intimacy and Satisfaction and Reducing Marital Conflicts of Married Women in Bandar Abbas. ]PhD dissertation in Family Counseling[ Faculty of Humanities, Hormozgan University. https://www.virascience.com/journals/4718/42292


10. Boostanipoor, A (2014). Comparing Effects of psycho-education Programme and Systems-Centered Group Counseling on Adjustment and Cohesion of Coples ]PhD dissertation Counseling[ Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University. https://www.virascience.com/thesis/667280/


11. Boostanipoor, A. (2007). The effect of systemic-behavioral couple therapy on marital conflict of  the Dual- career. (Master's Degree in Family Counseling). Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University.https://www.virascience.com/thesis/469338/


12. Crowe, M. (1997) Intimacy in relation to couple therapy, Sexual and Marital Therapy, 12:3,  225-236.https://doi.org/10.1080/02674659708408166


13. Crowe, M. & Ridley, J. (1990) Therapy with Couples: A Behavioural-Systems Approach (Oxford, Blackwell Scientific).https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(91)90081-D


14. Crowe, M. (1995). Couple Therapy and Sexual Dysfunction, International Review of Psychiatry, Vol 7,  Issue 2, PP.195-205.https://doi.org/10.3109/09540269509028327


15. Crowe, M. , Ridley, J. (2000). Therapy with Couples: A Behavioral- Systems approach to couple relationship and sexual problems. (Ashraf Sadat Mousavi, Translator, 2005). Tehran: Mehrkavian Publications. https://chaponashr.ir/mehrekavian


16. Ebrahimi P, Sanaei Zaker B, Nazari A M.(2012). sment of the effectiveness of training relationship enhancement program on increasing intimacy in dual-career couples. SJKU. 2012; 16 (4) :37-43. URL: http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-650-fa.html


17. Gilligan, C. (1982) In a Gilligan's Different voice: A perspective for nursing. (Harvard, Harvard University Press). Journal of Professional Nursing

Volume 5, Issue 1, January–February 1989, Pages 10-16https://doi.org/10.1016/S8755-7223(89)80029-8

18. Goldman, A. & Greenberg, L. (1992). Comparison of integrated systemic and emotionally focusedapproaches to couple therapy. Journal of Consuling and clinical   psychology, 60, 962-969. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-006X.60.6.962.


19. Goodarzi, M., Boostanipoor, A. (2012). The Effectiveness of Systemic-Behavioral Couple Therapy on Increasing Marital Adjustment. Journal of Family Counseling and Psychotherapy, Third Year, No. 2, Summer 2013, 281-296. http://fcp.uok.ac.ir/article_9628.html


20. Gottman, J. M. (1994). What predicts divorce? The relationship between marital processes  and marital outcomes. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.https://books.google.com/


21. Gottman, J. M. (1999). The Seven Principles for making Marriage work (Mehdi Gharache Daghi, Translator, 2007), Tehran: Asim Publishing. http://nashrasim.ir/


22. Gottman, J. M., Julie S. G. (2015). The Ten Principles for doing Effective Couples Therapy (Kianoush Zaharakar, Farshad Lavaf Pour Nouri, Mohammad Izadi Ejirloo, Translators, 2016) Tehran: Scientific Civilization Publications. https://elmpub.com/


23. Gottman, J.M,, Silver, N. (1994). Why Marriages Succeed or Fail (Vida Lotfi, Translator, 2016), Tehran: Saber Publications. http://saberinbooks.ir/


24. Gottman, John. Murray, James. Swanson, CatherineTyson,Rebeca.Swanson,Kristin.(2002).The mathematics of marriage, Dynamic Nonlinear Models. Massachussetts Institute of Technoligy.  http//mitpress.mit.edu


25. Gurman, A. S. (1985). Clinical Handbook of Couples Therapy. (Rozita Amani, Mohammad Reza Majoobi, Saleh Sepehrifar, Translators, 2014). Hamedan: Bu Ali Sina University Press Center. http://pubcen.basu.ac.ir/


26. Gurman,S.Alan.(2008). Clinical handbook of couple therapy,New york,the Guilford press. https://www.guilford.com/books


27. Johnson,S.M., & Levenson,R . W. (2000). The coming of age of couple therapy: A decade review. Journal of marital and family therapy, 26(2),23-38.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2000.tb00273.x


28. Hawasi, Nahid (2016). Comparison of the effectiveness of emotion-oriented couple therapy and couple therapy by Gottman method on reducing marital burnout and changing conflict resolution styles PhD dissertation Counseling and guidance). Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Kharazmi University. https://khu.ac.ir/


29. Heydarnia, Ahmad; Nazari, Ali Mohammad; soliemanian, Ali Akbar (2014). The effectiveness of prevention and relationship enhancement program on marital intimacy. on increasing the marital intimacy of couples. Journal of Clinical Psychology Studies, 4 (2), 74-61.https://jcps.atu.ac.ir/article_337.html


30. Heydarnia, Ahmad (2012). Comparing the effectiveness of schema-focused instruction and prevention and relationship enhancement program on marital intimacy. ]PhD dissertation Counseling[. Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Kharazmi University. https://pe.khu.ac.ir/


31. Isazadeh, S. (2013). Effectiveness of cognitive systematic couple therapy of Gateman on sexual satisfaction, forgiveness, happiness and couple early maladaptive schema.] Master's Degree in General Psychology[. Payame Noor University of Tehran. https://www.virascience.com/thesis/615223/


32. Johnson,S.M., & Levenson,R . W. (2000). The coming of age of couple therapy: A decade review. Journal of marital and family therapy, 26(2),23-38.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2000.tb00273.x


33. Keyvani Omid, Marzieh. (2017). The effectiveness of Behavioral -Systemic – Analytical couple therapy on the communication patterns and Emotional regulation. (Master Degree of Psychology) Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture. http://psy.hs.usc.ac.ir/


34. Khamseh, Akram; Hosseinian, Simin( 2011). Investigating Gender Differences Between Different Dimensions of Intimacy in Married Students (Women's Studies), 6 (1), 35-52. 22051/jwsps.2008.1288


35. Kirby, J. S. Baucom, Donald. H. Peterman, Michael. A. (2005). An investigation of unmt intimacy needs in marital relationships. Journal of Marital and Family therapy, 31, 313- 325. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2005.tb01573.x


36. Lang, L,Young,M. (2007). Counseling and Treatment of Gynecological Problems (Ali Mohammad Nazari, Translator, 2013). Tehran: Avi Noor Publications.http://avayenoor.com


37. Madani, Yasir; Hashemi Golpayegani, Fatemeh; Gholam-Ali Lavasani, Massoud (2017), Proposing an integrated model of emotional focused approach and Gottman model and its effectiveness on quality of marital relationship in married women. Journal of Consulting Research, 16 (62), 97-80. http://irancounseling.ir/journal/article-1-550-fa.html


38. Mahromi, F. (2013). assess the effectiveness of Gottman method couple therapy on relational belives and paterns of distressed student couples ]Master's Degree in Family Counseling[. Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. https://www.virascience.com/thesis/599484/


39. Markman, H.J. & Kraft, S.A. (1989) Men and woman in marriage: dealing with gender differnces in marital therapy. Behaviour Therapist, 12, 51-6. https://scholar.google.com/


40. Markman,H.J . & Holweg .K.(1993) . the prediction and prevention of marital distress : an international perspective . clinical psychology review . 13 (2) . 29-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7358(93)90006-8


41. Mohammadi, M; Zahrakar, K; Jahangiri, J; Davarnia, R; Shakermi, M; Morshedi, M. (2016). Assessing the Efficiency of Educational Intervention Based on Gottman's Model on Marital Intimacy of Women. Journal of Health, 8 (1), 84-74. http://healthjournal.arums.ac.ir/article-1-1164-fa.html


42. Nazari, Ali Mohammad (2007). Basics of couple therapy and family therapy. Tehran Elm Publishing. https://elmpub.com/


43. Patrick Sh., Sells J.N., Giordano F.G., Tollerud ,T.R. (2007).Intimacy, differentiation, and personality variables as predictors of marital satisfaction, The Family Journal; 15: 359-367. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480707303754


44. Robinson, E. A., & Price, M. G. (1980). Pleasurable behavior in marital interaction: An observational study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 48, 117-118. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.48.1.117


45. Saki, L. (2015). The Effectiveness of Systemic Behavioral Coupling Therapy on Increasing Communication Skills and Marital Adjustment. ]Master's Degree in Family Counseling[. Tehran University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. https://counseling.uswr.ac.ir/


46. Yousefzadeh, P., Navabi Nejad, S. & Nourani Pour, R. (2016). The Effectiveness of Systemic-Behavioral Couple Therapy Training on Psychological Well-Being of Maladaptive Couples. Counseling Research, No. 63, 66-50. http://irancounseling.ir/journal/article-1-609-fa.html