عوامل مؤثر بر بهره وری در گلستان سعدی و جایگاه آن در مدیریت
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
1 - دانشیار، گروه ادبیات فارسی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
کلید واژه: مدیریت, سعدی, منابع, بهره‌وری, گلستان,
چکیده مقاله :
دستیابی به نتیجه ای بهتر در استفاده حجم کار، فکر، زمان، طبیعت، دارایی ها و سرمایه را بهره وری می نامند. مدیریت بهره وری یک تجربة انسانی است که برخی از آن در میراث ادبی نگهداری می شود. گلستان سعدی در مقام اثر ادبی برتر، حاوی برخی شیوه ها و مؤلفه های بهره وری می باشد و هدف این مقاله نیز بررسی عوامل بهره وری در گلستان سعدی و کاربرد آن در دانش مدیریت است. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از بعد روش شناسی از نوع تحقیقات پیمایشی- توصیفی شمرده می شود. برای سنجش کاربردی بودن عوامل بهره وری بحث شده در گلستان سعدی، با استفاده از بررسی میدانی، مدیران شرکت های تولیدی استان آذربایجان شرقی به عنوان جامعه آماری برگزیده، حجم نمونه بر اساس جدول کرجسی و مورگان 300 نفر تعیین شد. بدین منظور ابتدا متن گلستان با رویکرد عوامل مؤثر بر بهره وری تحلیل گردید. سپس عوامل مؤثر بر بهره وری مستخرج از آن، در قالب پرسش نامه ای که روایی و پایایی آن مورد تأیید قرار گرفته بود، در اختیار مدیران نمونة آماری تحقیق قرار داده شد. نتایج آزمون T نشان داد که همه عوامل مستخرج از متن گلستان سعدی، از نظر مدیران شرکت های تولیدی، به عنوان عوامل مؤثر بر بهره وری تلقی می گردند. براساس یافته های رگرسیونی و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نیز، کلیه عوامل مؤثر تاثیر مثبتی بر بهره وری داشتند. در نهایت، عوامل مؤثر بر بهره وری به وسیله آزمون فریدمن رتبه بندی شدند و متغیرهای سرمایه انسانی، مدیریت نیروی انسانی، ارج دانش، عمل و علم، ارادة یادگیری، اهمیت آموزش، مدیریت اقتصادی، مدیریت زمان و مدیریت سخن به ترتیب حایز رتبه های 1 تا 9 عوامل مؤثر گردیدند.
Productivity refers to attainment of better outcomes proportionate to workload, thoughts, time, nature, assets and capital. Productivity management is a common human experience allusion to which has been maintained in literary heritage. Saadi´s Golesta, as a literary masterpiece contains references to some methods and constituents of productivity. The purpose of this study was to explore productivity constituents in Saadi's Golestan and to examine the extent to which they apply to the status quo in modern management. The research data in this mixed method content analysis qualitative and quantitative study were collected based on review of library documents that were descriptively and analytically reviewed to find out references to constituents of productivity. Further, the extracted constituents were designed as factors in a researcher-made questionnaire the reliability and validity of which was verified statistically. Next, the questionnaire was administered to a research sample of 300 managers that had been randomly recruited from a population of all managers of manufacturing companies in the province of East Azarbaijan based on the Krejcy and Morgan Tables. The results of this study indicate that all factors extracted from Sa'di Golestan's text were regarded by managers of manufacturing companies as factors affecting productivity. The Regression and Correlational analyses also revealed that the selected productivity constituents were positively correlated with productivity. Finally, the Freedman Test revealed that human resources, management of human sources, priority of human knowledge, knowledge and action, learning determination, significance of instruction, economic management, time management and discourse management were respectively identified as the ten significant factors affecting productivity. That is to say, in Saadi Golestan management of human, natural and scientific resources are presented as the elements of productivity.
Holy Quran.
Ali Ahmadi, A., & Ali Ahmadi, H. (2004), Basics and Principles of Islamic Management. Tehran: Science Production Publishing, (In Persian).
Asadi, A., & Bochchian, Sh. (2009), Efficiency and Its Improvement Strategies. Strategic Journal, 2, 161-187, (In Persian).
Beyzzadeh, J. (1997). Islamic Productivity and Culture. Cooperative Magazine, 76(72), 77-84, (In Persian).
Earth, Gh. R. (2005),Management of Productivity (Its Analysis in the Organization). Tehran: Islamic Azad University Scientific Center, (In Persian).
Forouzanfar, B. Z. (1988), Hadith of Masnavi. Tehran: Amir Kabir, (In Persian).
Hadith Studies.(2017), Available in: http://hadithstudies.ir/, (In Persian).
Hejazi, M., Sobhi, M., Taghipour Farshi, F. (2016), The Effect of Physical and Mental Health and Entrepreneurship on the Labor Force Productivity. Quarterly Journal of Productivity Management, 16(36), 79-94, (In Persian).
Hojaviri, A. B. (2005), Discovery of Al-Muhajub. By: M. Abedi, Tehran: Soroush, (In Persian).
Iranzadeh, S., Fakhimiazar, S., & Jedare sefedgare, A. (2018), The Effect of Knowledge Management Components on Manpower Productivity Using Factor Analysis Method in Financial and Credit Institutions of Tabriz. Quarterly Journal of Productivity Management, 9(33), 27-45, (In Persian).
Jahangard, E., Taee, H., Naderi, M. (2012). Analysis of Factors Affecting Total Factor Productivity in Iran's Economy. Quarterly Journal of Business Research, 16(63), 51-85, (In Persian).
Mohammadi, N. A., Najafibibi, R.., Mosaekhani, M., Alam Tabriz, A. (2016), Presenting a Desirable Pattern for Selecting the Faculty Members in Iranian Universities. Quarterly Journal of Productivity Management, 10(37), 157-180, (In Persian).
Mohammadi Pirazastan, S. M. B., Jalilian, H. R., Mirzaei, H. (2011), The Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Productivity in the Banking Industry (Case Study: Lorestan Province Banks). The Money and Economy Quarterly, 3(7), 203-234, (In Persian).
Mokhtari, M. (1999), In Contemporary Poetry. Tehran: Tous Publishing, (In Persian).
Rahmanhay Roodpashti, F. (1996), Social and Economic Discipline for the Promotion of National Productivity. Tadbir, 67, 1-4, (In Persian).
Rastegar Fasaei, M. (1997), Articles on Persian life and Poetry. Tehran: Amir Kabir Publication, (In Persian).
Saadi, M. A. (2002), Golestan, Correction and Explanation of Gholam Hossein Yousefi. Tehran: Kharazmi, (In Persian).
Seyyed Hossein, P. (1999), Trust and Productivity. Culture and Cooperatives, 8, 9-13, (In Persian).
Shamsalleh Golghani, M. H. (1998), Abu Dha al-Badayli, by the Works of Hossein Jafari. Tabriz: Ahrar, (In Persian).
Zahedi, Sh. S., & Najjar, R.(2008), Human Resources and Knowledge Management. Peyk Nour, 6(1), 1-22, (In Persian).
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Holy Quran.
Ali Ahmadi, A., & Ali Ahmadi, H. (2004), Basics and Principles of Islamic Management. Tehran: Science Production Publishing, (In Persian).
Asadi, A., & Bochchian, Sh. (2009), Efficiency and Its Improvement Strategies. Strategic Journal, 2, 161-187, (In Persian).
Beyzzadeh, J. (1997). Islamic Productivity and Culture. Cooperative Magazine, 76(72), 77-84, (In Persian).
Earth, Gh. R. (2005),Management of Productivity (Its Analysis in the Organization). Tehran: Islamic Azad University Scientific Center, (In Persian).
Forouzanfar, B. Z. (1988), Hadith of Masnavi. Tehran: Amir Kabir, (In Persian).
Hadith Studies.(2017), Available in: http://hadithstudies.ir/, (In Persian).
Hejazi, M., Sobhi, M., Taghipour Farshi, F. (2016), The Effect of Physical and Mental Health and Entrepreneurship on the Labor Force Productivity. Quarterly Journal of Productivity Management, 16(36), 79-94, (In Persian).
Hojaviri, A. B. (2005), Discovery of Al-Muhajub. By: M. Abedi, Tehran: Soroush, (In Persian).
Iranzadeh, S., Fakhimiazar, S., & Jedare sefedgare, A. (2018), The Effect of Knowledge Management Components on Manpower Productivity Using Factor Analysis Method in Financial and Credit Institutions of Tabriz. Quarterly Journal of Productivity Management, 9(33), 27-45, (In Persian).
Jahangard, E., Taee, H., Naderi, M. (2012). Analysis of Factors Affecting Total Factor Productivity in Iran's Economy. Quarterly Journal of Business Research, 16(63), 51-85, (In Persian).
Mohammadi, N. A., Najafibibi, R.., Mosaekhani, M., Alam Tabriz, A. (2016), Presenting a Desirable Pattern for Selecting the Faculty Members in Iranian Universities. Quarterly Journal of Productivity Management, 10(37), 157-180, (In Persian).
Mohammadi Pirazastan, S. M. B., Jalilian, H. R., Mirzaei, H. (2011), The Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Productivity in the Banking Industry (Case Study: Lorestan Province Banks). The Money and Economy Quarterly, 3(7), 203-234, (In Persian).
Mokhtari, M. (1999), In Contemporary Poetry. Tehran: Tous Publishing, (In Persian).
Rahmanhay Roodpashti, F. (1996), Social and Economic Discipline for the Promotion of National Productivity. Tadbir, 67, 1-4, (In Persian).
Rastegar Fasaei, M. (1997), Articles on Persian life and Poetry. Tehran: Amir Kabir Publication, (In Persian).
Saadi, M. A. (2002), Golestan, Correction and Explanation of Gholam Hossein Yousefi. Tehran: Kharazmi, (In Persian).
Seyyed Hossein, P. (1999), Trust and Productivity. Culture and Cooperatives, 8, 9-13, (In Persian).
Shamsalleh Golghani, M. H. (1998), Abu Dha al-Badayli, by the Works of Hossein Jafari. Tabriz: Ahrar, (In Persian).
Zahedi, Sh. S., & Najjar, R.(2008), Human Resources and Knowledge Management. Peyk Nour, 6(1), 1-22, (In Persian).