بررسی ویژگی‌های کارآفرینی بین دانشجویان دانشکده‌های فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه‌های ارومیه
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانیهوشنگ تقی زاده 1 , ذوالفقار ولی پور 2
1 - عضو هیأت علمی(دانشیار) گروه مدیریت صنعتی گروه مدیریت صنعتی واحد تبریز،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
2 - گروه مدیریت صنعتی واحد تبریز،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز
کلید واژه: نوآوری, خلاقیت, مسئولیت‌پذیری, کارآفرینی, توفیق‌طلبی, ریسک‌پذیری, اعتماد به نفس,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این مقاله تعیین میزان کارآفرینی و ویژگی های آن در بین دانشجویان دانشگاه های شهرستان ارومیه می باشد. بدین منظور در این مقاله سه سوال مطرح شده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را کلیه دانشجویان دانشکده های فنی و مهندسی دانشگا ه های ارومیه تشکیل می دهند که تعداد آنها 15000 1ست. نمونه آماری با استفاده ازجدول مورگان، 375 تعیین شده است. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها در این تحقیق پرسشنامه می باشد که پس از تعیین روایی و پایایی آن در بین اعضای نمونه آماری توزیع شده است. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها در این تحقیق از آزمون های کولموگروف – اسمیرنوف، تئوری تخمین، آزمون کروسکال والیس و آزمون فریدمن استفاده شده است. نتایج بررسی ها نشان می دهد که نمره کارآفرینی در هریک از دانشکده های دانشگاه ها در حد متوسط می باشد. همچنین دانشگاه ارومیه از نظر کارآفرینی در رتبه اول قرار دارد. آزمون فریدمن نیز نشان داد که ویژگی توفیق طلبی در بین سایر ویژگی ها بیشترین مقدار را دارا می باشد.
The purpose of this research is to determine the rate and characteristics of entrepreneurship among the university students of Uremia. Three questions have been raised in this article. The statistical population includes all the students of Technical and Engineering Faculties of Uremia Universities, totaling 15000. A sample of 375 was selected by using Morgan Table. The data collection instrument in this research is a questionnaire, which was distributed among the subjects after determining its validity and reliability. For data analysis, the researchers have used Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, Estimation Theory, Kruskal-Wallis Test and Friedman Test. The results of the survey show that entrepreneurship scores for each of the faculties are average. Uremia University has been ranked first regarding entrepreneurship. Friedman test has also shown that among all features, the success-seeking characteristic has the highest rate.
Abdolmaleki, J., Yousefi Afrasht, M., Pirmohammadi, M., Shotkou, M., & Mohammadi, N. (2008). Investigating the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Skills and Organizational Entrepreneurship (Case Study: Midwifery Managers of Iran Khodro Company). Entrepreneurship Development, 2, 103-129, (In Persian).
Badri, E., Layfatdar, M. J., Abedi, M. R., & Jafari, I. (2006). Student Entrepreneurship Investigations at Isfahan University. Research and Planning in Higher Education, 40, 73-90, (In Persian).
Boore, J. & S. Porter (2010), Education for entrepreneurship in nursing, Nurse Education Today, in press.
Crockett, D. R. (2005), the venture management team in corporate entrepreneurship: The role of corporate support and control. Ph.D Dissertation Abstract. The University of Texas at Arlington.
Dobrev, S. & W. Barnett (2005); Organizational Roles and Transition to Entrepreneurship, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp.433- 449.
Douglas, E.J & D.A. Shepherd (1999), Entrepreneurship as a Utility Maximizing Response, Journal of Business Venturing Vol.15, pp.84-86.
Fu, T. & Y. Lai (2001), toward a theory of the entrepreneurerial state, International Journal of social economics,Vol.28,No,9, 94-104.
Ghasemi, J., Asadi, A., & Hosseininia, Gh. H. (2009). Investigating the Factors Influencing the Creation of Entrepreneurial Spirituality of Graduate Students of Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2 , 71-79, (In Persian).
Graevenitz, G., D. Harhoff & R. Weber(2010),The effects of entrepreneurship education, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 76, Issue.1, pp. 90-112.
Grami Nejad, A. (1985). Entrepreneur. Ailar Publishing and Publishing Center, (In Persian).
Haghshenas, A., Jamshidian, M., Shamei, A., Shahin, A., & Yazdan Ehsnad, M. (2007). The Entrepreneurship Pattern in the Public Sector of Iran. Management Sciences, 8, 31-73, (In Persian).
Hisrich, R.B. & Peters, M. P. (2002), Entrepreneurship. Tata MC raw graw - hill publishing company limited.
Hosseini, S. M., & Baharak, A. (2007). An Investigation of Effective Factors in the Development of Moral and Entrepreneurial Skills among the Students of the Faculty of Agriculture. University of Tehran, Iranian Agricultural Sciences, 2, 241-251, (In Persian).Hynes, B.(1996), Entrepreneurship education and training in higher education, Journal of Agricultural education, Vol. 20, No. 8, 209- 220.
Jahangiri, A., & Kalantari Saghafi, R. (2008). Investigating and Assessing the Entrepreneurship Characteristics of Managers (Case Study: Telecommunication Company of Iran). Entrepreneurship Development, 1, 87-110, (In Persian).
Katz, J.A.(2003), The chronology and intellectual trajectory of American entrepreneurship education: 1876–1999, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 18, Issue. 2, pp. 283-300.
Krejcie, R., & Morgan, D. (1970), Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
KhosraviPour, B., Hooshang Iran, Hosseini, S. M., & Movahhed Mohammadi, H. (2007). Identification and Analysis of Effective Educational Components on Entrepreneurial Capacity of Students in Applied Agricultural Agricultural Sciences. Agricultural Sciences, 2, 207-217, (In Persian).
Lee, S.H. & Williams, C. (2007), Dispersed entrepreneurship within multinational corporations: A community perspective, Journal of World Business, No. 42, pp. 505–519.
Masoudnia, I. (2007). Investigating the Validity of Personality Paradigms in the Study and Prognosis of Entrepreneurship. Daneshvar Behavior, 23, 53-64, (In Persian).
Moghimi, S. M., & Ahmad-Pourdariani, M. (2008). Entrepreneurship Training in Small and Medium Businesses of Iran: Needs and Solutions. Entrepreneurship Development, 1, 207-245, (In Persian).
Mohammadi Eliasi, Gh. (2008). The Legitimacy of Entrepreneurship as an Emerging Science. Knowledge Management, 80, 105-122, (In Persian).
Mueller, S.L. & A.Thomas (2001), Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 16, Issue.1, pp. 51-57.
Nazem, F. (2007). Entrepreneurship at Free University Directors. Iranian Psychologists, 14,125-135, (In Persian).
Rasmussen, E. & R. Sorheim (2006), Action-based Entrepreneurship Education, Technovation, Vol. 26, No.2, pp. 185-194.
Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000), the promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research, Academy of Management Review, No.25, pp.217–226.
Soysekerci, S. & R. Erturgut (2010), Improvement of non-governmental organization entrepreneurship in vocational schools: Turkey case, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue. 2, pp. 1849-1854.
Talebi, K., & Zare Yekta, M. R. (2008). University Entrepreneurship Education and its Role in the Creation and Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) Knowledge-Based. Entrepreneurship Development, 1, 111-113, (In Persian).
Thompson, J.L. (1999), the world of the entrepreneurship: A perspective. Management Journal, No.6. pp. 2-20.
Vahedi, M., Moradnejadi, H., Sharifzadeh, A., & Sharifi, M. (2009). Studying Entrepreneurship Characteristics of Islamic Azad University, Ilam. Agricultural Economics and Development Researches (Iran Agricultural Sciences), 2, 93-101, (In Persian).
Yaghoubi, J.(2010), Study barriers to entrepreneurship promotion in agriculture higher education, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue. 2, pp.1901-1905.
Zahiri, M., & Turani, S. (2008). The Will of the Model for Setting Up Entrepreneurship Centers in Medical Sciences Universities. Research and Planning in Higher Education, 47, 1-18, (In Persian).
Zali, M. R., Medhushi, M., & Nastaige, A. (2009). Evaluation of Student Entrepreneurship Characteristics. Quarterly Journal of Humanities, 55, 81-113, (In Persian).
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Abdolmaleki, J., Yousefi Afrasht, M., Pirmohammadi, M., Shotkou, M., & Mohammadi, N. (2008). Investigating the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Skills and Organizational Entrepreneurship (Case Study: Midwifery Managers of Iran Khodro Company). Entrepreneurship Development, 2, 103-129, (In Persian).
Badri, E., Layfatdar, M. J., Abedi, M. R., & Jafari, I. (2006). Student Entrepreneurship Investigations at Isfahan University. Research and Planning in Higher Education, 40, 73-90, (In Persian).
Boore, J. & S. Porter (2010), Education for entrepreneurship in nursing, Nurse Education Today, in press.
Crockett, D. R. (2005), the venture management team in corporate entrepreneurship: The role of corporate support and control. Ph.D Dissertation Abstract. The University of Texas at Arlington.
Dobrev, S. & W. Barnett (2005); Organizational Roles and Transition to Entrepreneurship, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp.433- 449.
Douglas, E.J & D.A. Shepherd (1999), Entrepreneurship as a Utility Maximizing Response, Journal of Business Venturing Vol.15, pp.84-86.
Fu, T. & Y. Lai (2001), toward a theory of the entrepreneurerial state, International Journal of social economics,Vol.28,No,9, 94-104.
Ghasemi, J., Asadi, A., & Hosseininia, Gh. H. (2009). Investigating the Factors Influencing the Creation of Entrepreneurial Spirituality of Graduate Students of Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2 , 71-79, (In Persian).
Graevenitz, G., D. Harhoff & R. Weber(2010),The effects of entrepreneurship education, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 76, Issue.1, pp. 90-112.
Grami Nejad, A. (1985). Entrepreneur. Ailar Publishing and Publishing Center, (In Persian).
Haghshenas, A., Jamshidian, M., Shamei, A., Shahin, A., & Yazdan Ehsnad, M. (2007). The Entrepreneurship Pattern in the Public Sector of Iran. Management Sciences, 8, 31-73, (In Persian).
Hisrich, R.B. & Peters, M. P. (2002), Entrepreneurship. Tata MC raw graw - hill publishing company limited.
Hosseini, S. M., & Baharak, A. (2007). An Investigation of Effective Factors in the Development of Moral and Entrepreneurial Skills among the Students of the Faculty of Agriculture. University of Tehran, Iranian Agricultural Sciences, 2, 241-251, (In Persian).Hynes, B.(1996), Entrepreneurship education and training in higher education, Journal of Agricultural education, Vol. 20, No. 8, 209- 220.
Jahangiri, A., & Kalantari Saghafi, R. (2008). Investigating and Assessing the Entrepreneurship Characteristics of Managers (Case Study: Telecommunication Company of Iran). Entrepreneurship Development, 1, 87-110, (In Persian).
Katz, J.A.(2003), The chronology and intellectual trajectory of American entrepreneurship education: 1876–1999, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 18, Issue. 2, pp. 283-300.
Krejcie, R., & Morgan, D. (1970), Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
KhosraviPour, B., Hooshang Iran, Hosseini, S. M., & Movahhed Mohammadi, H. (2007). Identification and Analysis of Effective Educational Components on Entrepreneurial Capacity of Students in Applied Agricultural Agricultural Sciences. Agricultural Sciences, 2, 207-217, (In Persian).
Lee, S.H. & Williams, C. (2007), Dispersed entrepreneurship within multinational corporations: A community perspective, Journal of World Business, No. 42, pp. 505–519.
Masoudnia, I. (2007). Investigating the Validity of Personality Paradigms in the Study and Prognosis of Entrepreneurship. Daneshvar Behavior, 23, 53-64, (In Persian).
Moghimi, S. M., & Ahmad-Pourdariani, M. (2008). Entrepreneurship Training in Small and Medium Businesses of Iran: Needs and Solutions. Entrepreneurship Development, 1, 207-245, (In Persian).
Mohammadi Eliasi, Gh. (2008). The Legitimacy of Entrepreneurship as an Emerging Science. Knowledge Management, 80, 105-122, (In Persian).
Mueller, S.L. & A.Thomas (2001), Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 16, Issue.1, pp. 51-57.
Nazem, F. (2007). Entrepreneurship at Free University Directors. Iranian Psychologists, 14,125-135, (In Persian).
Rasmussen, E. & R. Sorheim (2006), Action-based Entrepreneurship Education, Technovation, Vol. 26, No.2, pp. 185-194.
Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000), the promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research, Academy of Management Review, No.25, pp.217–226.
Soysekerci, S. & R. Erturgut (2010), Improvement of non-governmental organization entrepreneurship in vocational schools: Turkey case, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue. 2, pp. 1849-1854.
Talebi, K., & Zare Yekta, M. R. (2008). University Entrepreneurship Education and its Role in the Creation and Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) Knowledge-Based. Entrepreneurship Development, 1, 111-113, (In Persian).
Thompson, J.L. (1999), the world of the entrepreneurship: A perspective. Management Journal, No.6. pp. 2-20.
Vahedi, M., Moradnejadi, H., Sharifzadeh, A., & Sharifi, M. (2009). Studying Entrepreneurship Characteristics of Islamic Azad University, Ilam. Agricultural Economics and Development Researches (Iran Agricultural Sciences), 2, 93-101, (In Persian).
Yaghoubi, J.(2010), Study barriers to entrepreneurship promotion in agriculture higher education, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue. 2, pp.1901-1905.
Zahiri, M., & Turani, S. (2008). The Will of the Model for Setting Up Entrepreneurship Centers in Medical Sciences Universities. Research and Planning in Higher Education, 47, 1-18, (In Persian).
Zali, M. R., Medhushi, M., & Nastaige, A. (2009). Evaluation of Student Entrepreneurship Characteristics. Quarterly Journal of Humanities, 55, 81-113, (In Persian).