بررسی نقش سازمانهای غیردولتی بر توسعه
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
سید مهدی الوانی
1
(استاد دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی)
کلید واژه: نقش مجری, سازمان غیردولتی, نقش شریک و همکار, نقش تسهیل‌کننده,
چکیده مقاله :
در شرایط کنونی، از نظر اقتصادی، سیاسی و فرهنگی، امکان تحقق اهداف دولتها در زمینة توسعه، بدون مشارکت و همیاری تمام آحاد جامعه وجود ندارد. سازمانهای غیردولتی یا بخش سوم زاییده یک چنین نیازی برای مشارکت جامعه و دولت هستند. این سازمانها بدون آنکه بدنة دولت را حجیم و فربه سازند، می‌کوشند تا از طریق همکاری مردمان با هم و با دولت و بخش خصوصی، در بسیاری از زمینه‌ها بسترساز توسعه و رشد جامعه باشند. در مقالة حاضر، کوشش شده تا ضمن بیان مفهوم و ماهیت و انواع سازمانهای غیردولتی، نقش آنها در توسعه تشریح گردد و مدیریت اثربخش این سازمانها توصیف شود.
In the present circumstances and from the economic, political, and cultural perspectives, governments' objectives cannot be attained without the participation and cooperation of all the people. The shaping of non-governmental organizations or “third parties” is rooted in the need for cooperation between the state and society. Without augmenting the government's size, these organizations strive to solicit the help of the people, the government and the private sector in order to pave the way for social growth and development. The present article seeks to introduce the nature, concept, and types of non-governmental organizations, while delineating their role in development. Moreover, the effective management of these organizations is described by the author.
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Alvesson, M. (2001), Cultural Perspective on Organization, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Brown, L.D. (1999), Bridging Organizations and Sustainable Development, Human Relations, Vol. 44, Issue 8.
Campbell, P. (2002), Management Development and Development Management for Voluntary Organization, ICVA Occasional Paper No.3, Geneva: International Council of Voluntary Agencies.
Cernea, M.M. (1998), Non-governmental Organizations and Local Development, Washington DC: World Bank.
Covey, J. & Brown, L. D. (1993), Organizational Microcosms Negotiating in Organizations, Newbury Park: Sage Publications.
Dichter, T.W. (1989), Development Management: Plain or Fancy? Public Administration and Development, Vol.9.
Edwards, M. and Holme, D. (2002), Making a Difference: NGOs in A Changing World, London: Earthscan.
Friedmann, J. (2002), Empowerment: The Politics of Alternative Development, Oxford: Blackwell.
Hailey, J. (1999), Charimatic Autocrats or Development Learders?, UK Development Studies Association Conference, University of Bath.
Handy, C. (1998), Managing Voluntary Organizations, Harmonds Worth: Penguin.
Korten, D.C. (1990), Getting to the 21st Century, West, HartfordL Kumarian Press.
Lewis, D. (1999), International Perspectives on Voluntary Action, London: Earhscan.
Lewis, D. (2001), the Management of Non- Governmental Development Organizations, London: Routlege.
Moser, C.O. (1999), Gender planning and Development, London: Routlege.
Robinson, M.& White, G. (1997), The Role of Civic Organization in the Provision of Social services, Reserch fo Action Papers, N. 37, Helsinki: U.N. University.
Senillosa, I. (1998), A New Age of Social Movements Development Management? Development in Practice, 9.
World, Bank, (1996), Pursuing Common Goals, Dhaka: World Bank.