Effect of Arginine, Proline, and Glutamine Amino Acids on Morphological and Physiological Traits of Two African Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) Cultivars
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Fatemeh Raoof Haghparvar
1
,
Davood Hashemabadi
2
,
Behzad Kaviani
3
1 - Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
2 - Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
3 - Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
کلید واژه: Phenol compounds, Edible flower, Growth stimulator, Organic nitrogen,
چکیده مقاله :
In addition to its ornamental and medicinal applications, marigold is considered an edible flower, too. To produce marigold with safe and non-chemical methods, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications and 20 treatments. The experimental treatments included two cultivars of marigold (‘Yellow’ and ‘Orange’) and three amino acids including arginine, glutamine, and proline at three levels (100, 500, and 1000 µM), as well as distilled water as the control treatment. The results showed that amino acids had positive effects on the recorded traits. The treatment of 100 µM arginine outperformed other treatments in increasing leaf number, flower diameter, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry matter, reducing electrolyte leakage, and improving catalase activity in cv. ‘Orange’. In cv. ‘Yellow’, the highest leaf number, shoot fresh weight and root dry matter, the lowest polyphenol oxidase activity, the lowest electrolyte leakage, and the highest catalase activity were related to the treatment of 1000 µM proline. The highest total phenol was obtained from 100 µM arginine in two cultivar. With the application of amino acids, flavonoids were increased in both cultivars versus the control. Therefore, it is recommended to apply amino acids, especially arginine (100 µM) and proline (1000 µM), to produce marigolds ‘Orange’ and ‘Yellow’ in an organic way, respectively.
گل جعفری علاوه بر مصارف زینتی و دارویی اخیرا به‌عنوان گل خوراکی نیز مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در پژوهش حاضر به‌منظور تولید گل‌های جعفری با روش‌های سالم و غیر شیمیایی آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار با 20 تیمار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل دو رقم گل جعفری (زرد و نارنجی)، 3 نوع اسید آمینه آرژنین، گلوتامین و پرولین در 3 سطح (100، 500 و 1000 میکرومولار) و تیمار شاهد (آب مقطر) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اسیدهای آمینه روی صفات ارزیابی شده اثر مثبت دارند و تیمار 100 میکرومولار آرژنین در صفات تعداد برگ، قطر گل، وزن تر و ماده خشک شاخساره، کاهش نشت یونی و افزایش فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در رقم نارنجی موفق‌ترین تیمار است. در رقم زرد، بیشترین تعداد برگ، وزن تر شاخساره، ماده خشک ریشه، کمترین فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز، کمترین نشت یونی و بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز برای تیمار 1000 میکرومولار پرولین ثبت شد. بیشترین فنل کل در هر دو رقم برای 100 میکرومولار آرژنین ثبت شد. با کاربرد اسیدهای آمینه مقدار فلاونوئیدها در هر دو رقم گل جعفری نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. بنابراین کاربرد اسیدهای آمینه بخصوص آرژنین (100 میکرومولار) و پرولین (1000 میکرومولار) به‌ترتیب برای تولید جعفری ’نارنجی‘ و ’زرد‘ به روش آلی و ارگانیک مناسب بوده و توصیه می‌شوند.
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