The Effect of Cut Stem Length Treatment on Vase Life and Water Relations of Rose Flower (Rosa hybrida) cv. ‘Bingo White’

محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی

Rahim Nagh Shiband Hassani ¹ , Somayeh Yousefi ² , Davoud Zare Haghi ³

1 - Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
2 - Graduated M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
3 - Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/08/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/02/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/03/12

کلید واژه: Rose, Longevity, Stem length, Carbohydrate supply, Water status,

چکیده مقاله :

One of the most important factors in controlling the quality of fresh flowers is stem length because it is a major determinant of cut stem productivity. The grading and marketing of most cut flowers, like roses, are generally based on stem length. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of cut rose flower stem length on vase life and water balance of rose cv. ‘Bingo White’ in a factorial experiment based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Cut stem length was used at four levels of 25, 35, 45, and 55 cm kept in 50 mg/L sucrose sodium hypochlorite solution at two levels of 0 and 2% as preservative solutions with three replications at 23 ± 2°C with 65 ± 5% relative humidity and 12μmol/m2 s of light intensity (supplied by cool white fluorescent lamps) for 12 hours up to the end of vase life. Some qualitative and quantitative characteristics including vase life, flower and leaf water potential, ion leakage, membrane stability index (MSI), and leaf stomatal conductance were recorded. The results showed that the longest vase life (17 days) was significantly (P < 0.01) observed at the lowest stem length (25 cm) and the shortest vase life (10 days) was related to the highest stem length (55 cm). The lowest rate of leaf and petal ion leakage was significantly (P < 0.05) observed in the lowest stem length (25 cm). The stem lengths of 35 and 45 cm, however, did not significantly differ from the stem length of 25 cm. The lowest rate of leaf and petal membrane stability index was significantly (P < 0.05) related to 55 cm stem length. The highest rate of flower and leaf water potential was significantly (P < 0.01) obtained from 35 cm stem length as compared with other treatments. Stomatal conductance decreased over time, but it was not affected by stem length treatments significantly. Generally, our results showed that the shorter cut stem length treatment (25 cm) with the sucrose solution (2%) not only had the greatest effect on extending vase life but it also improved the water status, decreased the ion leakage, and increased the flower membrane stability index.

چکیده انگلیسی:

یکی از فاکتورهای مهم در کنترل کیفیت محصولات گل­های تازه، طول شاخه است که تعیین کننده مهم عملکرد شاخه بریده بوده و درجه­بندی و بازاررسانی بسیاری از گل­های شاخه بریده مانند رز بر اساس طول شاخه است.  هدف این مطالعه بررسی تیمار طول­های مختلف شاخه بریده و محلول ساکارز بر عمر گل­جایی و تعادل آبی گل رز رقم ’بینگو وایت‘ بود. این آزمایش به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با چهار سطح مختلف طول شاخه (25، 35، 45 و 55 سانتی­متر) و دو سطح ساکارز (صفر و دو درصد) همراه با هیپوکلریت سدیم با غلظت 50 میلی­گرم در لیتر در سه تکرار، در دمای 2± 23 درجه­سانتی­گراد و رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصد و شدت نور 12 میکرومول برمترمربع در ثانیه (لامپ­های فلورسنت سفید خنک) با 12 ساعت روشنایی تا پایان عمر گلجایی انجام شد. در این آزمایش پارامترهای کیفی و کمی مختلفی از قبیل: عمرگلجایی، پتانسیل آب برگ و گل، نشت یونی برگ و گلبرگ، پایداری غشا سلول­های برگ و گلبرگ و هدایت روزنه­ای برگ مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که، بیشترین عمر گلجایی (17 روز) در کمترین  تیمار طول شاخه (25 سانتی­متر) در محلول گلجایی حاوی ساکارز دو درصد  و کمترین عمر گلجایی (10 روز) در بزرگترین طول شاخه (55 سانتی­متر) به­طور معنی­داری (01/0P <) مشاهده شد. کمترین میزان نشت یونی برگ و گلبرگ به­طور معنی­داری (05/0P <) در کوتاه­ترین طول شاخه (25 سانتی­متر) مشاهده شد، اگرچه تفاوت معنی­داری بین سایر سطوح طول شاخه شامل  35 و 45 سانتی­متر با سطح 25 سانتی­متر وجود نداشت. کمترین میزان شاخص پایداری غشا سلولی به شکل معنی­داری (05/0P <) در بیشترین طول شاخه (55 سانتی متر) در مقایسه با سایر طول های شاخه بود.  بیشترین میزان پتانسیل آب برگ و گل  به­صورت معنی داری (01/0P <) در تیمار 35 سانتی­متر طول شاخه در مقایسه با سایر طول­ها مشاهده گردید. هدایت روزنه­ای برگ در طول زمان کاهش یافت و تحت تاثیر تیمار طول شاخه به شکل معنی­داری قرار نگرفت. کمترین میزان پایداری غشا برگ و گلبرگ در طول ساقه 55 سانتی­متر مشاهده شد و بین سایر طول­ها اختلاف معنی­داری وجود نداشت. هدایت روزنه­ای در طول زمان کاهش یافت و تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت. به­طور کلی نتایج  ما نشان داد که، تیمار طول­ کوتاه­تر شاخه (25 سانتی­متر) و محلول ساکارز 2 درصد نه تنها بیشترین تأثیر را بر افزایش عمرگلجایی داشت بلکه باعث بهتر شدن وضعیت آبی، کاهش نشت یونی و افزایش پایداری غشا سلولی گلبرگ شد.

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