بررسی کیفیت زندگی سالمندان در استان گیلان و عوامل موثر بر آن

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران

مجید حسینی نثار ¹ , حبیب اله زنجانی ² , سید محمد سید میرزایی ³ , علیرضا کلدی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی، گرایش مسایل اجتماعی ایران، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار جمعیت شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد جمعیت شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استاد جامعه شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/12/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/12/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/12/01

کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, سالمندی, حمایت اجتماعی, مشارکت, گیلان,

چکیده مقاله :

مقایسه جمعیت سالمندی گیلان با کشور، نشان از آن دارد که درصدی سالمندی گیلان، 4 درصد بیشتر از درصد سالمندی کشور است و گیلان، حایز رتبه اول سالمندی در بین استان ها است. با توجه به افق جمعیتی استان گیلان، انتظار می رود این نسبت همچنان افزایش یابد و این مبحث به چالشی بزرگ برای استان تبدیل شود.. هدف از این تحقیق، شناخت وضعیت موجود از نظر کیفیت زندگی سالمندان و برنامه ریزی برای آینده آنان است. چارچوب نظری تحقیق به صورت تلفیقی است. متغیر کیفیت زندگی هم به صورت عینی و هم به صورت ذهنی مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. ابعادی از کیفیت زندگی مانند توانایی اقتصادی، سلامت، عملکرد ذهنی و همچنین مشارکت اجتماعی بر اساس نظریه فرانس، تنظیم شده است. حمایت اجتماعی نیز بر اساس نظریه لین، مورد سنجش و بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش تحقیق براساس رهیافت علمی و از نوع پیمایش است و از پرسشنامه برای جمع آوری اطلاعات، استفاده می شود. نمونه ها شامل 400 نفر از سالمندان استان گیلان هستند که به روش خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب شده اند. نتایج حاکی از آن است که سه متغیر حمایت اجتماعی، مشارکت و تحصیلات با کیفیت زندگی سالمندان، هم به صورت دو به دو و هم به صورت توامان، رابطه معنادار دارند. همجنین بر اساس ضریب بتای رگرسیون، به ترتیب از بیشترین تا کم ترین همبستگی، می توان مشارکت، حمایت اجتماعی و تحصیلات را نام برد. مجموع این سه متغیر، 57 درصد از تغییرات کیفیت زندگی را تبیین می کنند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The comparison of the aging population of Gilan with the country indicates that the percentage of the aging population of Gilan is 4% higher than the country's aging population and Gilan has the first rank among the provinces. Given the population horizon of Gilan province, this ratio is expected to continue to rise. And this is a big challenge for the province. The purpose of this research is to identify the status of the quality of life of the elders and their future planning. Theoretical framework of research is integrated. The variable of quality of life is examined both objectively and subjective. Dimensions of quality of life such as economic ability, health, mental performance as well as social participation are based on Franz's theory. Social support has also been evaluated based on Line's theory. Method of Research is based on scientific approach and survey. To collect information, Questionnaire has been used. Samples consisted of 400 elderly people in Gilan province selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The results indicate that three variables of social support, participation and education have a significant relationship with the quality of life of the elderly, Dual and both together.  Also, according to the beta coefficient of regression, the most to the least correlation, respectively, is participation, social support and education. The total of these three variables explains 57% of the changes in quality of life

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