بررسی نقش توسعه اجتماعی بر رشد اقتصادی (مطالعه موردی : کشورهای ایران و ترکیه)
محورهای موضوعی :
مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
سمیرا متقی
1
1 - استادیار دانشگاه پیام نور، گروه اقتصاد
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/09/03
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/09/03
تاریخ انتشار : 1396/06/01
کلید واژه:
رشد اقتصادی,
عوامل اجتماعی,
سلامت,
آموزش,
چکیده مقاله :
این مطالعه به بررسی ارتباط میان توسعه اجتماعی و رشد اقتصادی کشورهای همجوار ایران و ترکیه می پردازد و به این منظور، وضعیت اقتصادی و اجتماعی این دو کشور را با استفاده از شاخص های مربوطه در دوره زمانی 1375-1393 مورد بررسی قرار داده و با تخمین مدل اقتصاد سنجی، رابطه مستقیم میان شاخص های اجتماعی و استانداردهای زندگی (جمعیت جویای کار، سلامت (امید به زندگی) و آموزش (هزینه های انجام شده در بخش آموزش)) در کنار شاخص های اقتصادی (صادرات، سرمایه) و رشد اقتصادی را مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار می دهد. نتایج مقاله حکایت از این دارد که، شاخص های توسعه اجتماعی از عوامل اثر گذار در رشد اقتصادی کشورهای مذکور محسوب می شوند و به صورت میانگین یک واحد افزایش در شاخص های توسعه اجتماعی مورد استفاده در تحقیق حدود 3.5 واحد رشد اقتصادی این دو کشور را بهبود می بخشد که این عامل به خوبی نشان دهنده تأثیرپذیری بالای رشد اقتصادی از توسعه اجتماعی در کنار فاکتورهای اقتصادی می باشد. همچنین داشتن تأثیر بالای متغیر جمعیت جویای کار و امید به زندگی بر رشد اقتصادی میان متغیرهای مدل، نشان از تأثیر بالای سرمایه گذاری اقتصادی و سلامتی روی جمعیت ، در رشد اقتصادی این دو کشور می باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The present paper is an attempt to estimate the impact of social development indicators on economic growth in Iran, and study the relationship between social development indicators such as population that looking for work, health (life expectancy) and education (costs made in the education sector)) In addition to economic indicators (exports, investment) and economic growth in the period of 1996- 2014. The result of this research is as bellow: First; increases in social development indicators enhance the economic growth. Such that one percent increase in social development cause to 3.5 percent increase in economic growth. Secondly, the high impact of population that looking for work and life expectancy on economic growth show that economic investment and health investment on population has the most effect on economic growth.
منابع و مأخذ:
Arora S, (2001). Health, Human Productivity, and Long-Term Economic Growth, the Journal of Economic History, Vol, 61.NO.3.sep.
Barro, R. (1996). “Health and economic growth”, Mimeo. Dge, MA: Harvard University World Health Organization, world Health Statistics, 2006.
Barro, R., Sala-i-Martin, X., (1996). The Classical Approach to Convergence Analysis. Th Economic Journal, vol. 106, no. 437.
Behrman, J.R. (1993) Health and Economic Growth: theory, evidence and policy in Macroeconomic Environment and Health, Word Health Organization, pp 21-61.
Birdsall, N., Kelley, A., Sinding, S., (2001). Population Matters: Demographic Change. Economic
Bleaney, Michael F. (1995). “Macroeconomic stability, investment and growth in developing countries”, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 48, pp.461- 77.
Bloom, D., Canning, D., Sevilla, J., (2001). Economic Growth and Demographic Transition.
Clarke, M., Islam, S. (2003), “Health Adjusted GDP Measures of the Relationship between Economic Growth, Health Outcomes and Social welfare”, CESifo Working Paper, no 1002.
Fogel, R.W. (2001) Nutrition, Physiological Capita and Economic Growth, Paper prepared for Pan American Health Organization, July.2001.
Growth, and Poverty in the Developing World, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., Zingales, L., (2004). Does culture affect economic outcomes? The Journal of Economic Perspectives.
Guo, R., (2006). Cultural influences on Economic Analysis: Theory and Empirical Evidence, Palgrave Macmillan.
Kamjarani, Akbar; Memarnejad, Abbas (2004) "The Importance of Human Resources Quality and R & D in Iran's Economic Growth", Journal of Business Research, No. 31, 31-1.
National Bureau of Economic Research.
Sadeghi, Masoud; Emadzadeh Mostafa (2003) "Estimating the Share of Human Capital in Iran's Economic Growth Between 1984 and 1980"; Journal of Economic Research, No. 17, 79-98.
Saleh Nia, Narges and others (2010); "The Role of Culture in Economic Development"; Cultural Engineering Monthly, Fourth Edition, No. 43 & 44, 1-17.
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (2014) The 2014 Point-in-Time Estimates of U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service (2011) “International Food Consumption
UN Population Division (2007) Population Newsletter December 2007.
UN Population Division (2014) Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2014.
UN Population Division (2014) World Population Prospects: The 2014 Revision.
UN Population Division (2015) World Contraceptive Use 2015.
UN Population Division (2015) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2015 Revision.
Weil, D.H. (2006). "Accounting for the Effect of Health on Economic Growth ", the Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT press, Vol. 122(3), 1265-1306.
www.who.int
www.worldbank.org
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Arora S, (2001). Health, Human Productivity, and Long-Term Economic Growth, the Journal of Economic History, Vol, 61.NO.3.sep.
Barro, R. (1996). “Health and economic growth”, Mimeo. Dge, MA: Harvard University World Health Organization, world Health Statistics, 2006.
Barro, R., Sala-i-Martin, X., (1996). The Classical Approach to Convergence Analysis. Th Economic Journal, vol. 106, no. 437.
Behrman, J.R. (1993) Health and Economic Growth: theory, evidence and policy in Macroeconomic Environment and Health, Word Health Organization, pp 21-61.
Birdsall, N., Kelley, A., Sinding, S., (2001). Population Matters: Demographic Change. Economic
Bleaney, Michael F. (1995). “Macroeconomic stability, investment and growth in developing countries”, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 48, pp.461- 77.
Bloom, D., Canning, D., Sevilla, J., (2001). Economic Growth and Demographic Transition.
Clarke, M., Islam, S. (2003), “Health Adjusted GDP Measures of the Relationship between Economic Growth, Health Outcomes and Social welfare”, CESifo Working Paper, no 1002.
Fogel, R.W. (2001) Nutrition, Physiological Capita and Economic Growth, Paper prepared for Pan American Health Organization, July.2001.
Growth, and Poverty in the Developing World, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., Zingales, L., (2004). Does culture affect economic outcomes? The Journal of Economic Perspectives.
Guo, R., (2006). Cultural influences on Economic Analysis: Theory and Empirical Evidence, Palgrave Macmillan.
Kamjarani, Akbar; Memarnejad, Abbas (2004) "The Importance of Human Resources Quality and R & D in Iran's Economic Growth", Journal of Business Research, No. 31, 31-1.
National Bureau of Economic Research.
Sadeghi, Masoud; Emadzadeh Mostafa (2003) "Estimating the Share of Human Capital in Iran's Economic Growth Between 1984 and 1980"; Journal of Economic Research, No. 17, 79-98.
Saleh Nia, Narges and others (2010); "The Role of Culture in Economic Development"; Cultural Engineering Monthly, Fourth Edition, No. 43 & 44, 1-17.
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (2014) The 2014 Point-in-Time Estimates of U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service (2011) “International Food Consumption
UN Population Division (2007) Population Newsletter December 2007.
UN Population Division (2014) Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2014.
UN Population Division (2014) World Population Prospects: The 2014 Revision.
UN Population Division (2015) World Contraceptive Use 2015.
UN Population Division (2015) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2015 Revision.
Weil, D.H. (2006). "Accounting for the Effect of Health on Economic Growth ", the Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT press, Vol. 122(3), 1265-1306.
www.who.int
www.worldbank.org
