بررسی رابطه کیفیت نهادی، شمول مالی، توسعه اجتماعی و رشد اقتصادی در کشور ایران: رویکرد سیستم معادلات همزمان
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
نیلوفر خاتمی
1
,
حسین شریفی رنانی
2
,
بهار حافظی
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری رشته اقتصاد، واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
2 - دانشیار اقتصاد، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
3 - استادیار اقتصاد، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران،
کلید واژه: کیفیت نهادی, شمول مالی, توسعه اجتماعی, رشد اقتصادی, سیستم معادلات همزمان.,
چکیده مقاله :
در طول دهه گذشته، ترویج شمول مالی به عنوان یک هدف نهایی برای دستیابی به رشد فراگیر برای بسیاری از کشورها، به ویژه کشورهای در حال توسعه بوده است. در این رابطه، از یک طرف کیفیت نهادی می تواند بر شمول مالی اثر گذاری داشته باشد؛ از طرف دیگر، شمول مالی اگر در تمامی ابعاد خود تحقق پیدا کرده باشد، می تواند بر رشد اقتصادی اثر گذار باشد. از طرف دیگر، مبنای رشد اقتصادی بر پایه توسعه اجتماعی استوار است و نمی توان این عنوان را نادیده گرفت. بر اساس این استدلالات، می توان نتیجه گیری نمود که ممکن است نوعی رابطه همزمان بین کیفیت نهادی و شمول مالی از یک طرف؛ شمول مالی و توسعه اجتماعی با رشد اقتصادی از طرف دیگر وجود داشته باشد. در همین راستا در تحقیق حاضر به بررسی رابطه کیفیت نهادی، شمول مالی، توسعه اجتماعی و رشد اقتصادی در کشور ایران بر اساس رویکرد سیستم معادلات همزمان طی دوره زمانی 1990 تا 2022 پرداخته شده است. یافته های تحقیق نشان داد که شمول مالی اثر گذاری مثبت و معنادار بر رشد اقتصادی در کشور ایران داشته است. همچنین مشاهده شد که کیفیت نهادی نیز توانسته اثر گذاری مثبت بر رشد اقتصادی داشته باشد. علاوه بر این مشاهده شد که توسعه اجتماعی نیز منجر به ارتقای رشد اقتصادی در کشور ایران شده است.
During the last decade, promoting financial inclusion has been an ultimate goal to achieve inclusive growth for many countries, especially developing countries. In this regard, on the one hand, institutional quality can have an effect on financial inclusion; On the other hand, if financial inclusion is realized in all its dimensions, it can affect economic growth. On the other hand, the basis of economic growth is based on social development, and this title cannot be ignored. Based on these arguments, it can be concluded that there may be a simultaneous relationship between institutional quality and financial inclusion on the one hand; there should be financial inclusion and social development with economic growth on the other hand. In this regard, in the present research, the relationship between institutional quality, financial inclusion, social development and economic growth in Iran has been investigated based on the simultaneous equation system approach during the period from 1990 to 2022. The findings of the research showed that financial inclusion had a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Iran. It was also observed that institutional quality has a positive effect on economic growth. In addition, it was observed that social development has also led to the promotion of economic growth in Iran. Based on this, it is concluded that financial inclusion and social development directly and institutional quality, both directly and indirectly and through strengthening financial inclusion, have led to the improvement of the economic growth of Iran during the reviewed period.
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