مدیریت و کنترل ریزشبکه متصل به شبکه سه فاز با رویکرد فعال کردن محدودیت جریان تحت خطاهای نامتعادل با استفاده از روش هوشمند فازی با حضور منابع باتری، باد، فتوولتائیک و دیزل
محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر
مصطفی عباسی
1
,
مهدی نفر
2
,
محسن سیماب
3
1 - گروه مهندسی برق- واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران
2 - گروه مهندسی برق- واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران
3 - گروه مهندسی برق- واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران
کلید واژه: ریزشبکه, مدیریت انرژی, خطای ولتاژ, کنترل ناظر,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه استفاده از منابع تولید پراکنده به‌صورت متصل به شبکه رشد چشم گیری دارند، لذا مبدل‌های متصل به شبکه باید قابلیت خدماتی فراتر از تزریق توان به شبکه، از جمله حفظ پایداری شبکه را داشته باشند. در این مقاله استراتژی کنترل و مدیریت انرژی برای باتری، باد، فتوولتائیک و دیزل متصل به شبکه سه فاز با فعال کردن محدودیت جریان تحت خطاهای نامتعادل معرفی شده است. در این روش، جریان های تزریق شده به مقدار معین در طول خطاها محدود می شود. همچنین حالت عملکرد بدون ردیابی حداکثر نقطه توان (MPPT)برای مبدل نیز لحاظ شده است، این حالت در خطاهای شدید، زمانی که مبدل نمی تواند حداکثر توان سیستم را کنترل کند فعال می شود. لذا در ریزشبکه با وجود یک کنترل کننده ناظر مبتنی بر منطق فازی، عمل کنترل مبدل dc به dc دوطرفه باتری و مدیریت منابع تولید پراکنده انجام می شود. همچنین از کنترل کننده تناسبی رزونانسی به دلیل عملکرد مناسب آن، در این کار استفاده می شود. در حقیقت با استفاده از تولید جریان مرجع، جریان سینوسی با مقدار اعوجاج هارمونیک کل (THD) کمتر از 5 درصد تزریق می شود. نتایج نشان می دهد که استراتژی کنترلی همراه با مدیریت انرژی با چندین منبع تولید انرژی، اولاً قادر است که با وجود خطای نامتقارن در شبکه بالادستی، ولتاژ لینک dc را در یک بازه قابل قبول حفظ و جریان خطا را محدود کند لذا عملیات عبور از خطا بدون عملکرد رله های حفاظتی به‌درستی انجام شده است و ثانیاً در مقایسه با ریزشبکه با حضور فقط یک منبع تولید فتوولتائیک، روند تزریق توان اکتیو و راکتیو در شبکه بالادستی مطلوب‌تر است.
Today, the use of distributed generation resources connected to the network has remarkable growth therefore network-connected to the converters must be able to provide services beyond the injection of power into network, including maintaining network stability. In this paper the control and management of energy for battery wind, photovoltaic and diesel connected to a three-phase network by activating the current limitation under unbalanced fault has been introduced. In this method injected currents are limited to a certain amount along the faults Also, the operation mode without tracking the maximum power point for the converter is included. This state is activated during severe faults, when the converter cannot control Maximum power of the system. Therefore, in a microgrid with, the operation of a fuzzy logic-based controller the transformation operation of DC to DC converter control is performed sparsely by two-way battery and distributed generation resources management. Also proportional resonance controller is used due to its proper performance. In fact, with the use of reference current generation, sinusoidal current with a total harmonic distortion (THD) value of less than 5% is injected. The results show that the control strategy along with energy management with multiple energy generation resources is able to limit and maintain DC link voltage within an acceptable range in addition to The existence of an asymmetric fault. Therefore, the fault crossing operation has been performed correctly without the operation of the protection relays and secondly in comparison with microgridsolely with the presence of one photovoltaic production source the process of injecting active and reactive power in the upstream network is more appropriate.
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[7] F. J. Lin, K. C. Lu, T. H. Ke, B. H. Yang, Y. R. Chang, "Reactive power control of three-phase grid-connected PV system during grid faults using Takagi-Sugeno-Kang probabilistic fuzzy neural network control", IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 62, pp. 5516–5528, Sept. 2015 (doi:10.11.09/IECON.2016.7793827).
[8] F. Yang, T. Zhang, L. H. Yang, X. K. Ma, "Low-voltage ride-through control strategy of PV system based on active and reactive power control", Proceeding of the IEEE/APSCOM, pp. 1–6, Hong Kong, Nov. 2015 (doi:10.1049/IC.2015.0253).
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[11] E. Gatavi, A. Hellany, M. Nagrial, J. Rizk, "An integrated reactive power control strategy for improving low voltage ride-through capability", Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 5, no. 4, Dec. 2019 (doi: 10.23919/CJEE.2019.000022).
[12] Y. Geng, K. Yang , Z. Lai, P. Zheng, H. Liu, R. Deng, "A novel low voltage ride through control method for current source grid-connected photovoltaic inverters", IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 51735 – 51748, April 2019 (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2911477).
[13] H. Bahramian-Habil, H. Askarian Abyaneh, G.B. Gharehpetian, "Improving LVRT capability of microgrid by using bridge-type fault current Limiter", Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 191, Article Number: 106872, Feb. 2021 (doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106872).
[14] A. Sabir, S. Ibrir, "A robust control scheme for grid-connected photovoltaic converters with low-voltage ride-through ability without phase-locked loop", ISA Transactions, vol. 96, pp. 287-298, Jan. 2020 (doi: 10.10.16/J.ISATRA.2019.05.027)
[15] H. Wen, M. Fazeli, "A low-voltage ride-through strategy using mixed potential function for three-phase grid-connected PV systems", Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 73, pp. 271–280, Aug. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2019.04.039).
[16] H. Mei, Ch. Jia, J. Fu, X. Luan, "Low voltage ride through control strategy for MMC photovoltaic system based on model predictive control", Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 125, Article Number: 106530, Feb. 2021 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106530).
[17] E. Afshari, B. Farhangi, F. Blaabjerg, "Control strategy for three-phase grid connected pv inverters enabling current limitation under unbalanced faults", IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 64, no. 11, pp. 8908–8919, July 2017 (doi: 10.3390/EN.2.17.11092285).
[18] A. C. Luna, N. L. Diaz, M. Graells, J. C. Vasquez, J. M. Guerrero, "Mixed-integer-linear-programming-based energy management system for hybrid pv-wind-battery microgrids: modeling, design, and experimental verification", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 2769–2783, April 2017 (doi: 10.11.09/JESTPE.2017.2786588).
_||_[1] F. Nejabatkhah, Y.W. Li, "Overview of power management strategies of hybrid ac/dc microgrid", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 7072–7089, Dec. 2015 (doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2014.2384999).
[2] Q. Jiang, M. Xue, G. Geng, "Energy management of microgrid in grid-connected and stand-alone modes", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 3380–3389, Aug. 2013 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2244104).
[3] J.P. Roselyn, C. Pranav Chandran, C. Nithya, D. Devaraj, R. Venkatesan, V. Gopal, S. Madhura, "Design and implementation of fuzzy logic based modified real-reactive power control of inverter for low voltage ride through enhancement in grid connected solar PV system”, Control Engineering Practice, vol. 101, Article Number: 104494, Aug. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2020.104494).
[4] X. Chen, Y. Cui, X. Wang, S. Li, "Research of low voltage ride through control strategy in photovoltaic grid". Proceeding of the IEEE/CAC, pp. 5146-5150, Jinan, China, Oct. 2017 (doi: 10.1109/CAC.2017.8243693).
[5] H. Hasanien, "An adaptive control strategy for low voltage ride through capability enhancement of grid-connected photovoltaic power plants", IEEE Trans. on Power systems, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 3230–3237, July 2016 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2466618).
[6] F. Diaz Franco, T. Vu, T. El-Mezyani, "Low voltage ride-through for PV systems using model predictive control approach", In 2016 North American power symposium, proceedings of the symposium, Article Number: 16483535, Nov. 2016 (doi:10.11.09/NAPS.2016.7747952).
[7] F. J. Lin, K. C. Lu, T. H. Ke, B. H. Yang, Y. R. Chang, "Reactive power control of three-phase grid-connected PV system during grid faults using Takagi-Sugeno-Kang probabilistic fuzzy neural network control", IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 62, pp. 5516–5528, Sept. 2015 (doi:10.11.09/IECON.2016.7793827).
[8] F. Yang, T. Zhang, L. H. Yang, X. K. Ma, "Low-voltage ride-through control strategy of PV system based on active and reactive power control", Proceeding of the IEEE/APSCOM, pp. 1–6, Hong Kong, Nov. 2015 (doi:10.1049/IC.2015.0253).
[9] P. Balamurugan, S. Ashok, T. L. Jose, "Optimal operation of biomass/wind/PV hybrid energy system for rural areas", International Journal of Green Energy, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 104–116, Feb. 2009 (doi: ORG/10.1063/1.4929703).
[10] T. Thomas, A. Prince, "LVRT capability evaluation of DFIG based wind energy conversion system under type-A and type-C grid voltage sags", Proceeding of the IEEE/PESGRE, pp. 1-6, Cochin, India, April 2020 (doi: 10.10.02/ENG2.12282).
[11] E. Gatavi, A. Hellany, M. Nagrial, J. Rizk, "An integrated reactive power control strategy for improving low voltage ride-through capability", Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 5, no. 4, Dec. 2019 (doi: 10.23919/CJEE.2019.000022).
[12] Y. Geng, K. Yang , Z. Lai, P. Zheng, H. Liu, R. Deng, "A novel low voltage ride through control method for current source grid-connected photovoltaic inverters", IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 51735 – 51748, April 2019 (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2911477).
[13] H. Bahramian-Habil, H. Askarian Abyaneh, G.B. Gharehpetian, "Improving LVRT capability of microgrid by using bridge-type fault current Limiter", Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 191, Article Number: 106872, Feb. 2021 (doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106872).
[14] A. Sabir, S. Ibrir, "A robust control scheme for grid-connected photovoltaic converters with low-voltage ride-through ability without phase-locked loop", ISA Transactions, vol. 96, pp. 287-298, Jan. 2020 (doi: 10.10.16/J.ISATRA.2019.05.027)
[15] H. Wen, M. Fazeli, "A low-voltage ride-through strategy using mixed potential function for three-phase grid-connected PV systems", Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 73, pp. 271–280, Aug. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2019.04.039).
[16] H. Mei, Ch. Jia, J. Fu, X. Luan, "Low voltage ride through control strategy for MMC photovoltaic system based on model predictive control", Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 125, Article Number: 106530, Feb. 2021 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106530).
[17] E. Afshari, B. Farhangi, F. Blaabjerg, "Control strategy for three-phase grid connected pv inverters enabling current limitation under unbalanced faults", IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 64, no. 11, pp. 8908–8919, July 2017 (doi: 10.3390/EN.2.17.11092285).
[18] A. C. Luna, N. L. Diaz, M. Graells, J. C. Vasquez, J. M. Guerrero, "Mixed-integer-linear-programming-based energy management system for hybrid pv-wind-battery microgrids: modeling, design, and experimental verification", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 2769–2783, April 2017 (doi: 10.11.09/JESTPE.2017.2786588).