مقایسه تمایلات حرکتی در کودکان ۶ تا ۹ ساله با سبک‌های دلبستگی ایمن و ناایمن
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی تحولیزیودار نجمه 1 , شهلا پزشک 2 , حسین اسکندری 3
1 - کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
2 - دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
3 - دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
کلید واژه: ابعاد حرکتی, تمایلات حرکتی, سبک‌های دلبستگی کودکان, کیفیت حرکتی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش مقایسه تمایلات حرکتی در کودکان 6 تا 9 سال با سبک دلبستگی ایمن و ناایمن بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی و علی مقایسه‌ای بود و نمونه‌ها شامل ۲۴ کودک ۶ تا ۹ سال دختر و پسر (۸ کودک دلبستة ایمن، ۸ کودک دلبستة ناایمن اضطرابی و ۸ کودک دلبستة ناایمن اجتنابی) بودند که با استفاده از مقیاس دلبستگی کودکی میانه (رونقی، دلاور و مظاهری، ۱۳۹۱) به روش دردسترس و با در نظر گرفتن ملاک‌های ورود و خروج انتخاب و رفتار حرکتی هر کودک در حین انجام فعالیت تصویربرداری و در پایان، فیلم‌ها با نظارت ارزیاب متخصص و با استفاده از چک‌لیست مشاهده‌ای کیفیت‌های حرکتی محقق‌ساخته و چک‌لیست مشاهده‌ای ابعاد حرکتی (اساسه، ۱۳۹۳) نمره‌گذاری و داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های خی‌دو و تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری بررسی شد. نتایج این پژوهش تفاوت معنادار در کیفیت‌های حرکات سه گروه را نشان داد. این کودکان در استفاده از ابعاد فضایی نیز تفاوت‌هایی داشتند؛ بدن کودکان اضطرابی بیش‌تر در بعد افقی و بدن کودکان اجتنابی در بعد عمودی شکل گرفته بود. این یافته‌ها نشان داد که تفاوت‌های فردی مشاهده‌شده در الگوهای حرکتی به‌گونه‌ای معنادار با جهت‌گیری‌های دلبستگی مرتبط است.
This study aimed to investigate the movement inclinations in children age 6 to 9 with secure and insecure attachment styles. The research method was descriptive used a causal-comparative design. Participants comprised 24 male and female children aged 6 to 9 years old (including 8 children with secure attachment, 8 children with anxious insecure attachment, and 8 children with avoidant insecure attachment) selected by convenience sampling using Middle Childhood Attachment Scale (Ronaghi, Delavar & Mazaheri, 2012). Further, Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the movement behavior of each child during his/her activities was videotaped and scored under the supervision of a movement expert using the researcher-made observational checklist of movement qualities and observational checklist of movement dimensions (Asaseh, 2014). Data were analyzed by Chi-squared test and multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed significant differences between the movement qualities among these three groups. Furthermore, they had differences in using the spatial dimensions; anxious children are more shaped in the horizontal dimensions and avoidant children in the vertical dimensions. These findings indicated that the observed individual differences in movement patterns were significantly related to different attachment orientations.
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