سهم معنای زندگی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده در راهبردهای مقابله با درد
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی بالینی
شهرام وزیری
1
(دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،
واحد رودهن، ایران)
افسانه لطفی-عظیمی
2
(استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،
واحد تهران جنوب، ایران)
کلید واژه: راهبردهای مقابله, درد, معنای زندگی, حمایت اجتماعی ادراک­, شده,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش تعیین سهم معنای زندگی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‎شده در شدّت درد بود. برای این منظور طی یک پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی، 158 بیمار مبتلا به سرطان،از بین مراجعان بخش‌های رادیوتراپی و سنجش درمانی بیمارستان‎های شهدای تجریش، امام خمینی و محب یاس به صورت دردسترس انتخاب و با مقیاس شدّت درد سیاهه چندوجهی درد (MPI)، زمینه‎یاب مطالعه پیامدهای پزشکی حمایت اجتماعی (MOS-SSS؛ شـربورن و اسـتوارت، 1991) و پرسشنامه معنای زندگی (MOL؛ استگر، فریزیر، ادیشی و کالر، 2006) ارزیابی شدند. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندمتغیری نشان داد عوامل معنای زندگی و حمایت اجتماعی با گزارش شدّت درد ارتباط دارند و 83درصد ادراک شدّت درد توسط متغیر حمایت اجتماعی و معنای زندگی پیش‎بینی می‎شود. بنابراین به نظر می رسد در فرایند درمان بیماران مبتلا به سرطان، عامل حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده باید مورد توجه بیشتری قرار گیرد.
the aim of this study was to examine the role of meaning of life and perceived social support in pain intensity. Based on a correlational study, 158 patients with cancer were selected by convenience sampling method from radiation therapy wards of two hospitals in Tehran. The participants completed the pain intensity subscale of the Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI), the Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS; Sherborne & Stewart, 1991), and the Meaning of Life Questionnaire (Steger, Frazier, Oishi & Kaler, 2006).The results of multivariate regression analysis indicated that the meaning of life and social support correlated with the reported pain intensity.The social support and the meaning of life accounted for 83% of the variation in perception of pain intensity. The findings suggested the need to pay more attention to perceived social support in treatment of cancer patients.
پوراسماعیل، ز.، محمدی، ع. و عاقبتی، ن. (1389). تاثیر آرامسازی بر اضطراب و تنیدگی بیماران مبتلا به سرطان بستری در بیمارستان. نشریه پرستاری ایران، 23 (65)، 23-15.
حجت، د. (1389). بررسی میزان دانش و تجربه خانواده بیماران سرطانی در مورد کنترل درد. دانشور پزشکی، 11 (18)، 17-1.
رودینی، ب. (1385). بررسی سودمندی معنا درمانی گروهی در بهبود سلامت روان مردان دچار ویروس کاهش ایمنی انسان بیماری اکتسابی کاهش ایمنی انسان. پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد، تهران، دانشگاه خاتم.
مرادی، م.، شیخ الاسلامی، ر.، احمدزاده، م. و چراغی، ر. (1393). حمایت اجتماعی، نیازهای اساسی روان شناختی و بهزیستی روانشناختی: وارسی یک مدّل علی در زنان شاغل. فصلنامه روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی، 10(39)، 309-297.
Al-Arabi, S. (2003). Social support, coping methods and quality of life in hemodialysis patient. PhD Dissertation. Galveston, University of Texas.
Baumeister, R. F., & Newman, L. S. (1991). How stories make sense of personal experience: Motives that shape autobiographical narratives. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 676-690.
Boyraz, G., Lightsey Jr, O. R., & Can, A. (2013). The Turkish Version of the Meaning in Life Question-naire: Assessing the measurement Invariance across Turkish and American adult samples. Journal of Personality Assessment, 95(4), 423-431
Burton, H. J., Lindsay, R. M, & Kline, S. A. (1983). Social support as a mediator of psychological dysfunctioning and a determinant of renal failure outcomes. Clinical and Experimental Dialysis and Apheresis, 7(4), 371-389.
Cano, A. (2004). Pain catastrophizing and social support in married individuals with chronic pain: The moderating role of pain duration. Pain, 110(3), 656-664.
Chang, H. K., Herr, K. A., Sohn, J. N., Cha, B. K., & Yom, Y. H. (2007). Prediction of pain outcomes in Korean older adults: Use of a structural equation model. Pain Medicine, 8(1), 75-83.
Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 38, 301-314.
Courtens, A. M., Stevens, F. C. J., Crebolder, H. F., Philipsen H. (1996). Longitudinal study and quality of life and social support in cancer patients. Cancer Nursing, 19(3), 162-9.
Courtens, A. M., Stevens, F. C. J., Crebolder, H. F., & Philipsen, H. (1996). Longitudinal study and quality of life and social support in cancer patients. Cancer Nursing, 19(3), 162-165.
Feldman, D. B., Snyder, C. R. (2005). Hope and the meaningful life: Theoretical and empirical associations between goal-directed thinking and life meaning. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24, 401-421.
Garcini, L. M., Short, M., & Norwood, W. D. (2013). Affective and motivational predictors of perceived meaning in life among college students. Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 1(2), 47-60.
Gulact, F. (2010). The effect of perceived social support on subjective well-being. Procedia
Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2, 44-49.
Halama, P., & Dedova, M. (2007). Meaning in life and hope as predictors of positive mental health: Do they explain residual variance not predicted by personality traits? Studia Psychologica, 49, 191-200.
Holtzman, S., Newth, S., & Delongis, A. (2004). The role of social support in coping with daily pain among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Health Psychology, 9 (5), 677-95.
Ikiz, F. E., & Cakar, F. S. (2010). Perceived social support and self-esteem in adolescence. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 2338-2342.
Jaarsma, T. A., Pool, G., Ranchor, A. V., & Sanderman, R. (2007). The concept and measurement of meaning in life in Dutch cancer patient. Psychooncology, 16(3), 241-243.
Jackson, T., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., & Fan, H. (2014). Self-efficacy and chronic pain outcomes: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Pain, 15(8), 800-814.
Kang, Kyung- Ah, Im. Jae- Im. Kim. Hee. Su, Kim shin- Jeong- song, Mikyung sin, songyong (2009). The effect of logotherapy on the suffering, finding meaning, and spiritual well-being of adolescents with terminal cancer. Journal of Korean Acadmic Child HealthNursing, 15(2), 136-144.
Kerns, R. D., Rosenberg, R., & Jacob, M. C. (1994). Anger expression and chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 17(1), 57-67.
Lyyra, T. M., & Heikkinen, R. L. (2006). Perceived social support & mortality in older people. Journal of Gerontology, 61(3), 147-152.
Melton, M. A., & Schuenberg, S. E. (2008). On the measurement of meaning: Logo therapy’s empirical contributions to humanistic psychology. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 36, 31-44.
Nicholas, M. K., McGuire, B. E., & Asghari, A. (2015). A 2-Item Short Form of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire: Development and psychometric evaluation of PSEQ-2. Journal of Pain, 16(2), 153-163.
Rathi, N., & Rastogi, R. (2007). Meaning in life and psychological well-being in preadolescents and adolescents. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 33 (1), 31-38.
Richman, J. A., Rospenda, K. M,. Kelley, M. A. (1995). Gender roles and alcohol abuse across the transition to parenthood. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 51(5), 555 -559
Romano, J. M., & Turner, J. A. (1985). Chronic pain and depression: Does the evidence support a rela-tionship? Psychological Bulletin, 97(1), 18-34.
Romano, J. M., Turner, J. A., & Clancy, S. (1989). Sex differences in the relationship of patient dysfunc-tion to spouse adjustment. Pain, 39, 289-95.
Sarafino, E. (2014). Health psychology. NewYork: John Wiley & Sons.
Sherbourne, C. D., & Stewart, A. L. (1991). The MOS Social Support Survey. Social Science & Medicine, 32, 713-714.
Siedlecki, K. L., Salthouse, T. A., Oishi, S., & Jeswani, S. (2014). The relationship between social support and subjective well-being across age. Social Indicators Research, 117(2), 561-576.
Smith, A. A., & Friedmann, M. L. (1999). Perceived family dynamics of persons with chronic pain. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 30(3), 543-551.
Southwick, S. M., Vythilingam, M., & Charney, D. S.
(2005). The psychobiology of depression and resilience to stress: Implications for prevention and treatment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 255-291.
Steger, M. F. (2005). Development and validation of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire: A measure of eudemonic well-being. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of Minnesota, USA.
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., & Zacchanini, J. L. (2008). Terrorism in two cultures: Traumatization and existential protective factors following the September 11th attacks and the Madrid train bombings. Journal of Trauma and Loss, 13(6), 511-527.
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the prese nce of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
Steger, M. F., Kawabata, Y., Shimai, S., & Otake, K. (2008). The meaningful life in Japan and the United States: Levels and correlates of meaning in life. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(3), 660-678.
Travis, L. A., Lyness,J. M., Shields, C. G., King, D. A., & Cox, C. (2004). Social Support, depression, and functional disability in older adult primary care patients. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 12(3), 265-271.
Turk, D. C., Melzack, R. (2010). Handbook of pain assessment. New York: Guilford Press.
Turk, D. C., & Okifuji, A. (2002). Psychological factors in chronic pain: Evolution and revolution. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 678-690.
Turner, J. A., Jensen, M. P., & Romano, J. (2000). Do beliefs, coping, and catastrophizing indepen-dently predict functioning in patients with chronic pain? Pain, 85(1-2), 115-125.
Vallerand, A. (2007). Collins B. Templin T. Hasenau S. Knowledge of and barriers to pain management in caregivers of cancer patient receiving homecare. Cancer Nursing, 30 (1), 31-37.
Vangelisti, A. L. (2009), Challenges in concept-tualizing social support. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 26, 39-51.
Vlaeyen, J. W., Seelen, H. A., Peters, M., De Jong, P., Aretz, E., Beisiegel, E., & Weber, W. E. (1999). Fear of movement/(re)injury and muscular reactivity in chronic low back pain patients: An experimental investigation. Pain, 82(3), 297-304.
Warren, J. I., Stein, J. A., & Grella, C. E. (2007). Role of social support and self-efficacy in treatment outcomes among clients with co-occurring disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 89 (2-3), 267-274.
Yu, D. S. E., Lee, D. T. F., & Woo, J. (2004). Psychometric testing of the Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-S S S-C). Research in Nursing & Health, 27, 135-143.
_||_