Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Achillea wilhelmsii C.Koch essential oil against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens of fish
Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)
میلاد عادل
1
,
آرمین عابدین امیری
2
,
مریم دیوبند
3
,
رضا سفری
4
,
الهام خلیلی
5
1 - Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Iranian Fisheries Research Center, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center, Sari, Iran
3 - Department of Food and Drug, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
4 - Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center, Sari, Iran
5 - Department of Health and Food Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
Keywords: Antimicrobial Activity, Essential oil composition, Achillea Wilhelmsii, Zagross mountain,
Abstract :
Background & Aim: By increasing resistance of fish pathogens to chemical drugs, using herbal plants with antimicrobial properties is necessary.In this study, the composition of the essential oil and antimicrobial activity of aerial parts of Achillea wilhelmsii C.Koch growing wild in Zagross mountain (Southwest of Iran) was analyzed against common bacterial and fungal pathogens of fish. Experimental: In the present study, aerial parts of A. Wilhelmsii were tested against five bacterial strains including Streptococcus iniae, Yersinia ruckeri, Vibrio angularum, Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and four pathogenic fungi namely Saprolegnia sp., Fusarium solani, Candida albicansand Aspergillus flavus. Also, the oil constituents of A. Wilhelmsii were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results & Discussion: The major composition of the essential oil of A. Wilhelmsii was 1.8-cineol (25.2%), Camphor (18.9%), Linalool (6.9%), Borneol (5.7%) and Artemisia alcohol (4.3). All microorganisms showed more sensitivity to essential oil of A. Wilhelmsii than the control antibiotics. Maximum antibacterial and antifungal activity was observed against Y. ruckeri (25.4 mm)and C. albicans (25 mm) respectively, while S. iniae (16.4 mm)and A. flavus (14 mm)exhibited the least sensitivity. In addition, MIC test showed that minimum concentrations of the essential oil ranged from 125 to 800 μg/l were able to inhibit the growth of the selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. Industrial and practical recommendations: The results showed that the essential oil of A. Wilhelmsii could be a potential source of new and effective antibacterial components in aquaculture industry. Although, more study needed to purify, fractional and characterize various antimicrobial compounds from the essential oil of A. Wilhelmsii.
Azadbakht, M., Semnani, K. and Khansari, N. 2003. The essential oils composition of Achillea
Wilhelmsii C. Koch leaves and flowers. Journal of Medical Plants., 2: 55-59.
Rustayian, A., Komeilzadeh, H., Shariatpanahi, M.S., Jassbi, A.R. and Masoudi, SH. 1998. Comparative study of the essential oils of three Achilea species from Iranian Journal of Essential Oil Research., 10: 207-209.
Ghani, A., Azizi, M., Hassanzadeh-Khayyat, M. and Pahlavanpour, A.A. 2008. Essential Oil Composition of Achillea eriophora, A. nobilis, A. biebersteinii and A. wilhelmsii from Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants., 11(5): 460-467.
Asgary, S., Naderi, G.H., Sarrafzadegan, N., Mohammadifard, N., Mostafavi, S. and Vakili, R. 2000. Antihypertensive and Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Achillea Wihelmsii. Drugs Experimental Clinical Research., 26: 89-93.
Ghorbani, A. (2005). Studies on pharmaceutical ethnobotany in the region of Turkman sahra, North of Iran. Journal of Etnopharmacology., 102: 58-68.
Saeidnia, S., Gohari, A.R., Mokhber-Dezfuli, N. and Kiuchi, F. 2011. A review on phytochemistry and medicinal properties of the genus Achillea. Daru., 19(3): 173- 186.
Sharififar, F., Pournour Mohammadi, S. and Arabnejad, M. 2009. Immunomodulatory activity of aqueous extract of Achillea Wilhelmsii C. Koch in mice. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology., 47(8): 668-71.
Jaimand, K. and Rezaee, M.B. 2001. Comparative study of the essential oils of three Achilea species from Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research., 13: 354-356.
Shahraki, A., and Ravandeh, M. 2012. Comparative survey on the essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts from flower and stem of Achillea Wilhelmsii from Taftan (Southeast of Iran). Journal of Health Scope., 1(4): 167-172.
Saeidnia, S., Gohari, A.R. and Yassa, N. 2004. A search for betaine compounds within the Iranian Achillea. International Journal of Biology and Biotechnology., 1: 719-720.
Adams, R.P. 2001. Identification of essential oil components by Gas Chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Allured Carol Stream IL. pp 184.
Goudarzi, M. A., Hamedi, B., Malekpoor, F., Abdizadeh, R., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. and Raissy, M. 2011. Sensitivity of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from rainbow trout to some Iranian medicinal herbs. Journal of Medical Plant Research., 5(14): 3067-3073.
Hellio, C., Pons, A., Beaupoil, M.C., Bourgougnon, N., and Legal, Y. 2002. Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of extracts from fish epidermis and epidermal mucus. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents., 20(3): 214-219.
Sharif Rohani, M., Dashtiannasab, A., Ghaednia, B., Mirbakhsh, M., Yeganeh V. and Vahabnezhad, A. 2013. Investigation of the possibility use of Zataria multiflora (Avishan-e Shirazi) essence in control of fungal contamination of cultured shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Iranian Journal of Fishery Sciences., 12(2): 454- 464.
Esmaeili, A., Nematollahi, F., Rustaiyan, A.H., Moazzemi, N., Masoudi, Sh. and Bamasian, Sh. 2006. Volatile constituents of Achillea pachycephala, A. oxyodonta and A. biebersteinii from Iran. Flavour and Fragarance Journal., 21: 250-253.
Javidnia, K., Miri, R. and Sadegh Pour, H. 2004. Composition of the volatile oil of Achillea wilhelmsii C.Koch from Iran. Daru., 12(2): 63-66.
Amjad, L., Mohammadi Kamal abadi, M. and Mohammadi Cichani, M. 2011. The Antibacterial activity of methanol and aqueous extracts from flower and stem of Achillea welhelmsii. Ghom Medical Sciences Journal., 5(3): 50-56. (In Persian with English Summary).
Stojanovic, G., Radulovic, N., Hashimoo, T. and Palic, R. 2005. In Vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts of four Achillea species: The Composition of Achillea Clavennae L. (Asteraceae) extract. Journal of Etnopharmacology., 101(1-3): 185-190.
Amjad, L., Mousavidehmourdi, K. and Saghazadeh, M. 2012. Antifungal potential of Achillea welhelmsii flowers methanolic extract on different strains of Candida albicans. International Journal of Biological Medical Research., 3(3): 2107-2110.
Mothana, R., Lindequist, U., Geraenert, R. and Bednarski, P. 2009. Studies of the in vitro anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of selected Yemeni medicinial plants from the island Soqotra. BMC Complement Alternative Medicine., 9:7-11.
Nemeth, E. (2005). Essential oil composition of species in the genus Achillea. Journal of Essential Oil Research., 17: 501-512.
Yaghoubi, S.M.J., Ghorbani, G.R., Soleimanianzad, S. and Satari, R. 2007. Antimicrobial activity of Iranian propolis and its chemical composition. Daru., 15(1): 24-48.