بررسی حذف زایلن از آب به وسیله نانو اکسید روی به عنوان جاذب نفت
محورهای موضوعی :
آب و محیط زیست
بهناز صالحی
1
,
امیرحسام حسنی
2
,
همایون احمد پناهی
3
,
سید مهدی برقعی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران * (مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکز، تهران، ایران
4 - استاد دانشکده مکانیک دانشگاه صنعتی شریف
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/03/17
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/05/18
تاریخ انتشار : 1397/07/01
کلید واژه:
نانو ذرات اکسید روی,
اصلاح سطحی,
جذب,
آلاینده های نفتی,
زایلن,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف : با توجه به اثرا ت نا مطلوب زیست محیطی و خسارات غیر قابل جبران مواد شیمیایی موجود در ترکیبات نفتی نظیر بنزن، تولوئن ، اتیل بنزن و زایلن بر سلامت جانداران، حذف موثر و کارامد این آلاینده ها بیش از پیش مورد توجه قرار گرفته است تا با ابداع روش های نوین کارایی و تاثیر فرایند های حذف بهبود بخشیده شود. در این تحقیق استفاده از نانو ذرات روی اصلاح شده با شاخه های آلی در حذف زایلن از محیط های آبی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش کار: نانوذرات اکسید روی (Zno) توسط روش هم رسوبی شیمیایی تهیه گردید. به منظور افزایش راندمان جذب، در ابتدا اصلاح نانو ذرات صورت گرفت و در مرحله بعد مونومر عامل دار شده تهیه گردید و بر روی بدنه نانو ذرات اصلاح شده پیوند داده شد. عملکرد این جاذب در حذف زایلن به عنوان شاخص آلودگی نفتی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت و اثر پارامتر های مختلف بر میزان جذب از قبیل pH محیط، زمان تماس و غلظت جاذب بررسی شد. یافته ها: نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که بیشترین میزان جذب نانو جاذب سنتز شده در pH برابر با 6 و پس از گذشت 25 دقیقه از زمان تماس می باشد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت نانو جاذب درصد حذف نیز افزایش می یابد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: با توجه به بررسی های انجام شده کارایی بالای استفاده از نانواکسید روی اصلاح شده در حذف زایلن از محیط های آبی تایید گردید و امکان استفاده از آن در حذف آلاینده های نفتی از آب مطرح شد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Considering the adverse environmental effects and irreparable damages of the chemicals in petroleum compounds, e.g. benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, to living organisms, the efficient removal of these pollutants have received much more attention to be improved through innovative methods for enhancing the efficiency and impact of removal processes. In this study, the removal of xylene from aqueous solution by modified zinc oxide nanoparticles was investigated. Method: In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and modified by a four-stage method. The removal of xylene as a toxic petroleum hydrocarbon from aqueous solution by nanoparticles was evaluated. Batch experiments were conducted at room temperature to evaluate the optimum conditions such as the effect of pH, contact time and zinc oxide concentration. Findings: It was found that the optimum adsorption condition can be achieved at pH=6 and contact time of 25 min. Moreover, the percentage of xylene adsorption increased with the increase in concentration of modified zinc oxide nanoparticles. Discussion and conclusion: This study showed that the modified zinc oxide nanoparticles could be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of xylene from aqueous solution.
منابع و مأخذ:
Reference
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Aivalioti M, Vamvasakis I, Gidarakos E. BTEX and MTBE adsorption onto raw and thermally modified diatomite. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2010 Jun 15;178(1):136-43.
Mehlman MA. Dangerous and cancer causing properties of products and chemicals in the oil refining and petrochemical industries.Ann NY AcadSci 1991;643:368-89.
Kim JM, Le NT, Chung BS, Park JH, Bae JW, Madsen EL, Jeon CO. Influence of soil components on the biodegradation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-, m-, and p-xylenes by the newly isolated bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas spadix BD-a59. Applied and environmental microbiology. 2008 Dec 1;74(23):7313-20.
Carmody O, Frost R, Xi Y, Kokot S. Adsorption of hydrocarbons on organo-clays—implications for oil spill remediation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2007 Jan 1;305(1):17-24..
Daifullah AA, Girgis BS. Impact of surface characteristics of activated carbon on adsorption of BTEX. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2003 Mar 12;214(1):181-93..
Zhang F, Lan J, Yang Y, Wei T, Tan R, Song W. Adsorption behavior and mechanism of methyl blue on zinc oxide nanoparticles. Journal of nanoparticle research. 2013 Nov 1;15(11):1-0.
Panahi HA, Soltani ER, Moniri E, Tamadon A. Synthesis and characterization of poly [1-(N, N-bis-carboxymethyl) amino-3-allylglycerol-co-dimethylacrylamide] grafted to magnetic nano-particles for extraction and determination of letrozole in biological and pharmaceutical samples. Talanta. 2013 Dec 15;117:511-7.
Salehi B, Hasani AH, Panahi HA, Borghei SM. Adsorptive removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from aqueous solutions by novel zinc oxide nanoparticles grafted with polymers. Petroleum Science and Technology. 2016 Apr 17;34(8):778-84.
Njoku VO, Foo KY, Asif M, Hameed BH. Preparation of activated carbons from rambautan (Nephelium lappaceum) peel by microwaves-induced KOH activation for acid yellow 17 dye adsorption. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2004 Aug 15;250:198-204
Wang L, Li J. Adsorption of CL Reactive Red 228 dye from aqueous solution by modified cellulose from flax shive: Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics. Industrial Crops and Products. 2013 Mar 31;42:153-8.
APHA, AWWA, WEF. 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed. American Public Health Association, Washington Dc.
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Reference
Lin SH, Huang CY. Adsorption of BTEX from aqueous solution by macroreticular resins. Journal of hazardous materials. 1999 Dec 23;70(1):21-37.
Garciapena I, Ortiz I, Hernandez S, Revah S. Biofiltration of BTEX by the fungus Paecilomyces variotii. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2008 Dec 31;62(4):442-7.
Lin CW, Chen LH, Yet-Pole I, Lai CY. Microbial communities and biodegradation in lab-scale BTEX-contaminated groundwater remediation using an oxygen-releasing reactive barrier. Bioprocess and biosystems engineering. 2010 Mar 1;33(3):383-91..
Hinwood AL, Rodriguez C, Runnion T, Farrar D, Murray F, Horton A, Glass D, Sheppeard V, Edwards JW, Denison L, Whitworth T. Risk factors for increased BTEX exposure in four Australian cities. Chemosphere. 2007 Jan 31;66(3):533-41.
Bielefeldt AR, Stensel HD. Evaluation of biodegradation kinetic testing methods and longterm variability in biokinetics for BTEX metabolism. Water Research. 1999 Feb 28;33(3):733-40.
de Mello JM, de Lima Brandão H, de Souza AA, da Silva A, Ulson SM. Biodegradation of BTEX compounds in a biofilm reactor—modeling and simulation. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. 2010 Jan 31;70(1):131-9.
Frisbie SH, Mitchell EJ, Sarkar B. Urgent need to reevaluate the latest World Health Organization guidelines for toxic inorganic substances in drinking water. Environmental Health. 2015 Aug 13;14(1):1.
Aivalioti M, Vamvasakis I, Gidarakos E. BTEX and MTBE adsorption onto raw and thermally modified diatomite. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2010 Jun 15;178(1):136-43.
Mehlman MA. Dangerous and cancer causing properties of products and chemicals in the oil refining and petrochemical industries.Ann NY AcadSci 1991;643:368-89.
Kim JM, Le NT, Chung BS, Park JH, Bae JW, Madsen EL, Jeon CO. Influence of soil components on the biodegradation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-, m-, and p-xylenes by the newly isolated bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas spadix BD-a59. Applied and environmental microbiology. 2008 Dec 1;74(23):7313-20.
Carmody O, Frost R, Xi Y, Kokot S. Adsorption of hydrocarbons on organo-clays—implications for oil spill remediation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2007 Jan 1;305(1):17-24..
Daifullah AA, Girgis BS. Impact of surface characteristics of activated carbon on adsorption of BTEX. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2003 Mar 12;214(1):181-93..
Zhang F, Lan J, Yang Y, Wei T, Tan R, Song W. Adsorption behavior and mechanism of methyl blue on zinc oxide nanoparticles. Journal of nanoparticle research. 2013 Nov 1;15(11):1-0.
Panahi HA, Soltani ER, Moniri E, Tamadon A. Synthesis and characterization of poly [1-(N, N-bis-carboxymethyl) amino-3-allylglycerol-co-dimethylacrylamide] grafted to magnetic nano-particles for extraction and determination of letrozole in biological and pharmaceutical samples. Talanta. 2013 Dec 15;117:511-7.
Salehi B, Hasani AH, Panahi HA, Borghei SM. Adsorptive removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from aqueous solutions by novel zinc oxide nanoparticles grafted with polymers. Petroleum Science and Technology. 2016 Apr 17;34(8):778-84.
Njoku VO, Foo KY, Asif M, Hameed BH. Preparation of activated carbons from rambautan (Nephelium lappaceum) peel by microwaves-induced KOH activation for acid yellow 17 dye adsorption. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2004 Aug 15;250:198-204
Wang L, Li J. Adsorption of CL Reactive Red 228 dye from aqueous solution by modified cellulose from flax shive: Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics. Industrial Crops and Products. 2013 Mar 31;42:153-8.
APHA, AWWA, WEF. 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed. American Public Health Association, Washington Dc.