بررسی روش های حذف آرسنیک از آب آشامیدنی با تاکید بر نانوذرات فلزی(دی اکسید تیتانیوم و اکسید روی) و کربن فعال
محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیستنسطونا قنبری سقرلو 1 , محمد ربانی 2 , لیدا سلیمی 3 , حسین غفوریان 4 , سید محمدتقی ساداتی پور 5
1 - دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.
3 - استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
4 - استاد گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.
5 - استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: کربن فعال, آرسنیک, نانوذرات, فرایند اصلاح شده, تصفیه آب.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: آرسنیک یکی از فلزات سنگین با اولویت بهداشتی بسیار بالا است. لذا این تحقیق با هدف بررسی روش های حذف آرسنیک از آب آشامیدنی با تاکید بر نانوذرات فلزی (دی اکسید تیتانیوم و اکسید روی) و کربن فعال انجام گرفته است. روش بررسی: این مطالعه از نوع مروری است. در این مطالعه کلیه مقالات موجود در پایگاه های داخلی و خارجی از قبیل ایران مدکس، ایران داک، SID وGoogle Scholar ، Direct science، پایگاه علمی اطلاع رسانی سازمان بهداشت جهانی، Pubmed از سال 2010 تا 2021 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته ها: بررسی و مرور مطالعات انجام شده در زمینه حذف آرسنیک از منابع آبی نشان داد روش های مختلفی مثل انعقاد و لخته سازی، تعویض یون، فیلتراسیون و جذب برای حذف آرسنیک از آب مورد استفاده قرار گرفته اند. به دلیل کارائی مناسب، قیمت کم و راحتی به کارگیری و سایر ملاحظات راهبری و محیط زیستی، روش های جذب به خوبی برای حذف آرسنیک در منابع آبی معرفی شده اند. که یکی از روش‌های مطلوب کربن فعال است. در بین روش‌های مختلف جذب، کربن فعال جاذب خوبی برای حذف آرسنیک 5 ظرفیتی (As V) است و کارائی آن به منظور حذف آرسنیک 3 ظرفیتی (As III) نیاز به پیش اکسیداسیون دارد که این‌کار بهتر است با برخی اصلاحات بر روی کربن فعال انجام شود. به این منظور نانوذرات برای حذف آرسنیک بسیار بیشتر مورد نظر بوده است، چرا که کارائی حذف را می تواند بسیار بهبود ببخشد و نیاز به پیش اکسیداسیون در فرایند تصفیه آب را حذف کند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد که نانوذرات آهن به تنهایی یا در ترکیب با سایر فلزات، تیتانیوم در ترکیب با سایر فلزات به خصوص روی، سریوم و زیرکونیوم کارائی قابل توجهی دارد.
Background and Objective: Arsenic is one of the heavy metals with a very high health priority. High concentrations of arsenic in water sources can cause many problems, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular problems, and even some cancers in consumer populations. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the methods of removing arsenic from drinking water with emphasis on metal nanoparticles (titanium dioxide and zinc oxide) and activated carbon. Material and Methodology: This study was a review that was reviewed to study all articles in domestic and foreign databases such as IranModex, IranDock, SID and Google Scholar, Direct science, World Health Organization information base, Pubmed. The keywords heavy metals, arsenic, arsenic removal method, metal nanoparticles, surface water and groundwater were used to search. Findings: A review of studies on the removal of arsenic from water sources showed that since the separation and removal of arsenic from drinking water is very important, various methods such as coagulation and flocculation, ion exchange, filtration and adsorption to remove arsenic from water have been used. Due to good efficiency, low cost and ease of use and other management and environmental considerations, adsorption methods for arsenic removal in water resources have been well introduced. Which is one of the optimal methods of activated carbon. Among the various adsorption methods, activated carbon is a good adsorbent for the removal of 5-valent arsenic (As V), and its efficiency requires pre-oxidation to remove 3-valent arsenic (As III), which is best done with some modifications on activated carbon. For this purpose, nanoparticles have been considered much more for arsenic removal because they can greatly improve the removal efficiency and eliminate the need for pre-oxidation in the water treatment process. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that iron nanoparticles alone or in combination with other metals, titanium in combination with other metals, especially zinc, cerium and zirconium had significant efficiency.
1. Salimi L, Hajiali A, Amiri RJNG. Evaluation and Comparison of Depth and Season Effects on Heavy Metals and Contaminants Concentrations in an Aquatic Region.5:4.
2. Hashemi M, Ghanbari Sagharlo NJJoAiEHR. Optimization and evaluation of the efficiency of sono-Fenton and photo-Fenton processes in the removal of 2, 4, 6 trinitrotoluene (TNT) from aqueous solutions. 2020;8(1):38-45.
3. Salimi L, Hajiali AJIJoSE, Science. Determination of heavy metals concentrations in different depths in Persian gulf (bandar abbas region) in warm and cold seasons. 2018;2(2):12-4.
4. Almasi A, Dargahi A, Ahagh M, Janjani H, Mohammadi M, Tabandeh L. Efficiency of a constructed wetland in controlling organic pollutants, nitrogen, and heavy metals from sewage. Journal of chemical pharmaceutical sciences. 2016; 9(4): 2924-8.
5. Annadurai G, Juang R-S, Lee D. Adsorption of heavy metals from water using banana and orange peels. Water science and technology. 2003; 47(1):185-90.
6. Ahmad M, Islam S, Rahman S, Haque M, Islam M. Heavy metals in water, sediment and some fishes of Buriganga River, Bangladesh. 2010.
7. Cheng S. Heavy metal pollution in China: origin, pattern and control. Environmental science and pollution research. 2003;10(3):192-8.
8. Ali MM, Ali ML, Islam MS, Rahman MZ. Preliminary assessment of heavy metals in water and sediment of Karnaphuli River, Bangladesh. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management. 2016; 5:27-35.
9. Tang W-W, Zeng G-M, Gong J-L, Liang J, Xu P, Zhang C, et al. Impact of humic/fulvic acid on the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions using nanomaterials: a review. Science of the total environment. 2014; 468:1014-27.
10. Liu J-F, Zhao Z-s, Jiang G-b. Coating Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with humic acid for high efficient removal of heavy metals in water. Environmental science & technology. 2008; 42(18):6949-54.
11. Qu X, Alvarez PJ, Li Q. Applications of nanotechnology in water and wastewater treatment. Water research. 2013;47(12):3931-46.
12. Dargahi A, Golestanifar H, Darvishi P, Karam A. An investigation and comparison of removing heavy metals (lead and chromium) from aqueous solutions using magnesium oxide nanoparticles. Pol J Environ Stud. 2016; 25(2):557–62.
13. Siddiqui SI, Naushad M, Chaudhry SAJPS, Protection E. Promising prospects of nanomaterials for arsenic water remediation: A comprehensive review. 2019;126:60-97.
14. Salimi L, Sezavar S, Agah H. Assessment of Cd, Ca, Zn, Cr, Al concentrations in water, sediment and tissues of mangrove forest, Avicennia marina from Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf. 2019.
15. Asere TG, Stevens CV, Du Laing GJSotte. Use of (modified) natural adsorbents for arsenic remediation: a review. 2019;676:706-20.
16. Tyrovola K, Nikolaidis NP, Veranis N, Kallithrakas-Kontos N, Koulouridakis PE. Arsenic removal from geothermal waters with zero-valent iron—effect of temperature, phosphate and nitrate. Water Research. 2006;40(12):2375-86.
17. Ozdemir O, Turan M, Turan AZ, Faki A, Engin AB. Feasibility analysis of color removal from textile dyeing wastewater in a fixed-bed column system by surfactant-modified zeolite (SMZ). Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2009;166(2-3):647-54.
18. Shevade S, Ford RG. Use of synthetic zeolites for arsenate removal from pollutant water. Water Research. 2004; 38(14-15):3197-204.
19. Hossain MFJA, ecosystems, environment. Arsenic contamination in Bangladesh—an overview. 2006; 113(1-4):1-16.
20. Matschullat JJSotTE. Arsenic in the geosphere—a review. 2000; 249(1-3): 297-312.
21. Chapman DV. Water quality assessments: a guide to the use of biota, sediments and water in environmental monitoring: CRC Press; 1996.
22. Morris GL, Fan J. Reservoir sedimentation handbook: design and management of dams, reservoirs, and watersheds for sustainable use: McGraw Hill Professional; 1998.
23. Kapaj S, Peterson H, Liber K, Bhattacharya P. Human health effects from chronic arsenic poisoning–a review. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A. 2006; 41(10):2399-428.
24. Siddiqui SI, Ravi R, Chaudhry SA. Removal of arsenic from water using graphene oxide nano-hybrids. A new generation material graphene: Applications in water technology: Springer; 2019. p. 221-37.
25. Derakhshi P, Ghafourian H, Khosravi M, Rabani MJWASJ. Optimization of molybdenum adsorption from aqueous solution using granular activated carbon. 2009;7(2):230-8.
26. Chang Q, Lin W, Ying W-cJJoHM. Preparation of iron-impregnated granular activated carbon for arsenic removal from drinking water. 2010; 184(1-3):515-22.
27. Asadullah M, Jahan I, Ahmed MB, Adawiyah P, Malek NH, Rahman MSJJoI, et al. Preparation of microporous activated carbon and its modification for arsenic removal from water. 2014; 20(3):887-96.
28. Prabhakar R, Samadder SJJoML. Low cost and easy synthesis of aluminium oxide nanoparticles for arsenite removal from groundwater: a complete batch study. 2018;250:192-201.
29. Dwivedi AD, Dubey SP, Sillanpää M, Kwon Y-N, Lee C, Varma RSJCCR. Fate of engineered nanoparticles: implications in the environment. 2015; 287:64-78.
30. Chekli L, Zhao Y, Tijing L, Phuntsho S, Donner E, Lombi E, et al. Aggregation behaviour of engineered nanoparticles in natural waters: characterising aggregate structure using on-line laser light scattering. 2015; 284:190-200.
31. Simeonidis K, Mourdikoudis S, Kaprara E, Mitrakas M, Polavarapu LJESWR, Technology. Inorganic engineered nanoparticles in drinking water treatment: a critical review. 2016; 2(1):43-70.
32. Li S, Wang W, Liang F, Zhang W-xJJohm. Heavy metal removal using nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI): theory and application. 2017; 322:163-71.
33. Gupta A, Yunus M, Sankararamakrishnan NJC. Zerovalent iron encapsulated chitosan nanospheres–A novel adsorbent for the removal of total inorganic Arsenic from aqueous systems. 2012; 86(2):150-5.
34. Kumar S, Nair RR, Pillai PB, Gupta SN, Iyengar M, Sood AKJAam, et al. Graphene oxide–MnFe2O4 magnetic nanohybrids for efficient removal of lead and arsenic from water. 2014; 6(20):17426-36.
35. Li Y, Liu JR, Jia SY, Guo JW, Zhuo J, Na PJCej. TiO2 pillared montmorillonite as a photoactive adsorbent of arsenic under UV irradiation. 2012;191:66-74.
36. Han C, Pu H, Li H, Deng L, Huang S, He S, et al. The optimization of As (V) removal over mesoporous alumina by using response surface methodology and adsorption mechanism. 2013;254:301-9.
37. Cui H, Li Q, Gao S, Shang JKJJoI, Chemistry E. Strong adsorption of arsenic species by amorphous zirconium oxide nanoparticles. 2012; 18(4):1418-27.
38. Basu T, Nandi D, Sen P, Ghosh UCJCej. Equilibrium modeling of As (III, V) sorption in the absence/presence of some groundwater occurring ions by iron (III)–cerium (IV) oxide nanoparticle agglomerates: A mechanistic approach of surface interaction. 2013;228:665-78.
39. Goldberg S, Johnston CT. Mechanisms of Arsenic Adsorption on Amorphous Oxides Evaluated Using Macroscopic Measurements, Vibrational Spectroscopy, and Surface Complexation Modeling. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2001; 234(1):204-16.
40. Ha HT, Phong PT, Minh TDJJoAMiC. Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Functionalized Activated Carbon and Its Applications in Arsenic Adsorption. 2021; 2021.
41. Saravanan R, Karthikeyan N, Gupta V, Thirumal E, Thangadurai P, Narayanan V, et al. ZnO/Ag nanocomposite: an efficient catalyst for degradation studies of textile effluents under visible light. 2013;33(4):2235-44.
42. Pena M, Meng X, Korfiatis GP, Jing CJES, Technology. Adsorption mechanism of arsenic on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide. 2006; 40(4):1257-62.
43. Jing C, Meng X, Calvache E, Jiang GJEP. Remediation of organic and inorganic arsenic contaminated groundwater using a nanocrystalline TiO2-based adsorbent. 2009;157(8-9): 2514-9.
44. Ma Y, Zheng Y-M, Chen JPJJoc, science i. A zirconium based nanoparticle for significantly enhanced adsorption of arsenate: synthesis, characterization and performance. 2011;354(2):785-92.
45. Zhao D, Yu Y, Chen JPJRa. Fabrication and testing of zirconium-based nanoparticle-doped activated carbon fiber for enhanced arsenic removal in water. 2016; 6(32):27020-30.