تاثير جنگل¬کاری بر خصوصيات خاك پارك جنگلي لويزان- باغ پرندگان
محورهای موضوعی : منابع طبیعیفرحناز رشیدی 1 , عادل جلیلی 2 , مهناز خزایی 3
1 - استاديار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقيقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج کشاورزي، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقيقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج کشاورزي، تهران، ایران.
3 - فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد جنگل¬شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: اسيديته, اقاقيا, درصد نیتروژن, جنگل¬کاري, درصد شن, کاج.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمينه و هدف: با توجه به تاثيري که پوشش گياهي بر روي خصوصيات فيزيکي و شيميايي خاک دارد و اهميتي که اين اکوسيستم در حفظ و پايداري تودههاي گياهي بازي ميکند اين مطالعه با هدف بررسي تاثير جنگلکاري درختان سوزنيبرگ و پهنبرگ بر روي عناصر تشکيل دهنده خاک انجام گرفت.
روش بررسي: منطقه مورد مطالعه قسمتي از پارک جنگلي لويزان انتخاب شد. ده نمونه خاک از هر 84 پلات موجود در عرصه برداشت (840 نمونه) و پارامترهاي بافت خاك (درصد ماسه، سيلت و رس)، درصد ماده آلي، مقدار ازت، پتاس، فسفرو همچنين مقدار درصد آهک، اسيديته و هدايت الکتريکي در دو لایه اول (لایه O) و دوم (30 سانتی متر بعد از لایه اول) جهت مطالعه تاثیر پوشش گیاهی بر خصوصیات خاک مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. دادهها با استفاده از روابط همبستگي و آزمون T مستقل و جفتی آناليز شد.
يافته ها: روابط همبستگي بين خصوصيات فيزيکي و شيميايي در لايه اول و دوم خاک در 5 تیپ غالب منطقه بيانگر ارتباطات معنادار مثبت و منفي زيادي بين اين پارامترها است. نتايج آناليز T مستقل بين دو لايه اول و دوم خاک تیپ اقاقیا (150 نمونه) و کاج (400 نمونه) حاکي از آن است که به غير از درصد آهک، درصد شن و درصد سيلت که تفاوت معناداري از خود نشان ندادهاند، بقيه خصوصيات بين دو افق خاک داراي تفاوت معنادار ميباشند.
بحث و نتيجه گيري: نتايج نشان از تفاوت معنادار بين دو فاکتور اسيديته و درصد شن در افق اوليه بين مناطق با تيپ گياهي کاج و اقاقيا ميباشد.میزان پتاسیم، فسفر و نیتروژن در افق اولیه تیپ سوزنی برگ بیشتر از تیپ گونه پهن برگ و در افق دوم به غیر از پتاسیم نیز این افزایش قابل مشاهده است. ميزان مواد آلي، نيتروژن، پتاسيم، فسفر، رس و PH بين دو افق خاک تفاوت معنادار از خود نشان ميدهند و غير از PH و رس بقيه در افق دوم با کاهش مواجه شدهاند. نتايج اين مطالعه بيانگر آن است که نوع پوشش گياهي بر خصوصيات فيزيکي و شيميايي خاک تاثير دارد و تفاوتهاي معنيدار در لايه اول خاک نسبت به لايه دوم خاک قابل مشاهده است.
Background and Objectives: According to the effect of vegetation cover on physical and chemical characteristics of soil and the importance of that this ecosystem plays in the preservation and stability of plant stands. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of plantation on It was performed on soil constituent elements.
Material and Methodology: The study area was selected as part of Lavizan Forest Park. Ten soil samples from each 84 plots in the area (840 samples) was gathered to measure soil texture parameters (percentage of sand, silt and clay), percentage of organic matter, N, K, P, T.N.T, PH and EC in two layers (the first (layer O) and the second (30 cm after the first layer)). These factors were evaluated with Pearson correlation, two independent and paired sample t test.
Findings: Pearson Correlation between physical and chemical properties in the first and second layers of soil in the 5 vegetation dominant types of the region indicate many significant positive and negative correlation between these parameters. The results of independent T analysis between the first and second layers of Black locust type soil (150 samples) and pine (400 samples) indicate that except for the percentage of lime, sand and silt percentage, which did not show a significant difference, Other characteristics are significantly different between the two soil horizons.
Discussion and Conclusion: PH and Sand percentage were shown significant differences in the first layer between pine and black locust. The amount of potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen in the initial horizon of the leaf needle type is more than the broad leaf type and in the second horizon, except for potassium, this increase is also visible. The amount of organic matter, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, clay and pH between the two soil horizons show a significant difference and except for pH and clay, the others in the second horizon have decreased. The results demonstrated the type of plant cover has an effective on physical and chemical elements of soils. Therefore, significant differences is obvious in the first layer to the second layer.
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