پهنه‌بندی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی دشت مختاران به منظور آبیاری با استفاده از روش تحلیل شبکه‌ای (ANP)

محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیست

اصلان اگدرنژاد ¹ , نیاز علی ابراهیمی پاک ² , هادی محمدی والا ³ , زهرا قربانی ⁴ , محسن احمدی ⁵

1 - استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشیار، بخش آبیاری و فیزیک خاک، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.
3 - کارشناس ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی.
4 - دانشجوی دکتری سازه های آبی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، ایران.
5 - دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی.

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/11/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/04/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/06/01

کلید واژه: سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی, دشت مختاران, روش ANP, پهنه‌بندی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: در حال حاضر منابع آب‌ زیرزمینی از جمله مهم‌ترین منابع برای مصارف آبیاری است. لذا تعیین تغییرات کیفیتی آن‌ها در سطح یک دشت یا منطقه به منظور استفاده بهینه، ضروری است. این مطالعه با هدف پهنه‌بندی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی دشت مختاران به منظور آبیاری با استفاده از روش تحلیل شبکه‌ای (ANP) انجام یافته است. روش بررسی: این تحقیق در دشت مختاران واقع در عرض جغرافیایی ‘13 ˚ 32 تا ‘46 ˚32 شمالی و طول جغرافیایی ‘40 ˚58 تا ‘45 ˚59 شرقی در استان خراسان جنوبی در سال 1393 انجام یافت. در این آزمایش، لایه‌های مختلف کیفیت آب زیرزمینی بر اساس عوامل نسبت جذبی سدیم، سختی کل، درصد سدیم محلول، بی‌کربنات سدیم، شاخص نفوذپذیری، نسبت جذبی منیزیم و نسبت کلایز در محیط GIS ایجاد و توسط روش تحلیل شبکه‌ای وزن‌دهی شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که مناطق شرقی دارای کیفیت بهتری از لحاظ آب زیرزمینی نسبت به مناطق غربی است. هم چنین، 72/40٪ سطح دشت دارای کیفیت مطلوب (28/3، 09/17 و 35/20٪ به ترتیب در بازه‌های خیلی خوب، خوب و نسبتاً خوب) و 28/50 درصد سطح دشت دارای کیفیت نامطلوب (11/49، 35/7 و 82/2٪ به ترتیب در بازه‌های نسبتاً بد، بد و خیلی بد) بوده است. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج به دست آمده، استحصال آب آبیاری از نقاط شرقی و شمالی دشت می‌بایست افزایش یافته و کشاورزی دیم در سایر نقاط مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Groundwater is one of the most important water resources for irrigation usage in arid and semi-arid regions like Iran. So, in order to determine groundwater potential zones, it is important to specify its quality variations over a plain. The aim of this study was to zoning the groundwater quality of Mokhtaran plain, Iran, for irrigation using network analysis (ANP) method. Material and Methodology: Regarding this purpose, this research was conducted to zone Mokhtaran Plain’s groundwater located at latitude between 32˚ 13’-32˚ 46’ N and longitude between 58˚ 40’-59˚ 45’ E in South-Khorasan, Iran, in 2015. Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), total hardness (TH), sodium solubility percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) and kellyes ratio (KR) were used to create water quality layers in GIS. Analytical network process (ANP) was utilized to implement these layers. Findings:  The results showed that quality of groundwater was better at the east region compared to the west. According to the results, appropriated region for irrigation covered about 40.72% of the plain (consist of sub-categories: 3.28, 17.09 and 20.35% in the class of very appropriate, appropriate and semi-appropriate, respectively) and non-appropriate one covered 50.28% (consist of sub-categories: 49.11, 7.35 and 2.82% in the class of semi non-appropriate, non-appropriate and very non-appropriate, respectively). Discussion and Conclusion: Regarding the results, it is necessary to extract groundwater at north and east part of the plain. Indeed, rainfed agriculture must be considered in other parts of the plain.  

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