Concentration and Risk Assessment of Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead in Husked and De-husked Rice Samples from Niger and Kebbi States, Nigeria
Subject Areas :
Journal of Chemical Health Risks
Hadiza Muhammad
1
,
Jeremoth Adama
2
,
Adamu Kabiru
3
,
Adil El Yahyaoui
4
,
Sami Darkaoui
5
,
Youssef Maazouzi
6
,
Hussaini Anthony Makun
7
1 - Africa Centre of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Nigeria
2 - Africa Centre of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Nigeria
3 - Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
4 - National Office of Food Safety Sanitary Morocco
5 - National Office of Food Safety Sanitary Morocco
6 - National Centre for Energy, Nuclear Sciences and Techniques, Morocco
7 - Africa Centre of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Nigeria
Received: 2021-05-28
Accepted : 2021-12-15
Published : 2022-06-01
Keywords:
Contamination,
Cadmium,
Lead,
Arsenic,
Risk Assessment,
Abstract :
Toxic metals are implicated in many health implications especially in areas of indiscriminate mining activities. A total of 100 (50 husked and 50 de-husked) rice samples were randomly collected from Kebbi and Niger States, Nigeria. Arsenic, cadmium and lead were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Arsenic was highest (172.58 ± 5.75) µg kg-1 in husked rice from Koshaba while the de-husked rice samples from Gwadan gaji had highest concentration (114.29 ± 3.97) µg kg-1 of arsenic. Highest concentrations of cadmium was obtained in both the husked (43.29 ± 2.06) µg kg-1 and de-husked (66.13 ± 1.20) µg kg-1 rice samples from Tondi Yauri. Husked rice samples of Dukune had highest lead concentration (53.19 ± 3.09) µg kg-1 while the de-husked rice samples of Yauri had highest lead concentration (60.11 ± 2.18) µg kg-1. Percentage daily intake (%TDI) of arsenic was highest in most samples while contamination below detection limits was observed in few samples.
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