پاسخ مورفوفیزیولوژیک گل انگشتانه(Diggitalis purpurea.L) به تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی نانو کلات روی و سولفات روی
محورهای موضوعی : مورفوفیزیولوژیکی
میثم منصوری
1
,
اسماعیل چمنی
2
*
,
یونس پوربیرامی هیر
3
,
یحیی سلاح ورزی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 - دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
3 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
4 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, گل, کوددهی, نانو,
چکیده مقاله :
با توجه به اهمیت تاثیر تنش خشکی و نقش عنصر روی بر خصوصیات رشدی و عملکرد گل انگشتانه، آزمايشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در10 تکرار در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد طی سال 1399 و 1400 روی گیاه گل انگشتانه (Diggitalis purpurea. L) انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمايش تنش خشکی در دو سطح 50 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و نوع کود روی (در 7 سطح 5/0، 1و 2 گرم در لیتر نانو کلات روی و 5/0، 1 و 2 گرم در لیتر سولفات روی همراه شاهد) به صورت محلول‌پاشی در مرحله 5 برگی شروع و هر 15 روز یکبار، در سه نوبت تکرار شد. نتایج نشان داد محلول‌پاشی با میزان 2 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانوکود روی و عدم کاربرد تنش خشکی باعث ایجاد بیشترین مقادیر سطح برگ (1300میلی‌متر مربع)، ارتفاع (24 سانتی‌متر) و تعداد برگ (110 عدد)، قطر ساقه رزت (48 میلی‌متر) و گلدهنده (79/5 میلی‌متر)، قطر تاج پوششی (30 میلی‌متر) و قطر تاج گل (125 میلی‌متر) انگشتانه شد. در حالیکه که با اعمال تنش 50% FC و عدم کاربرد کود بالاترین میزان کارتنوئید (8/3 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم وزن تر)، فنل (6 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم وزن تر) و آنتی اکسیدانت (55%) به‌دست آمد. با این وجود کاربرد2 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانوکود روی توانست از افزایش میزان کارتنوئید، فنل و آنتی اکسیدانت ممانعت کند و بالاترین میزان کلروفیل a (8/10 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل b (5/5 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل کل (5/15 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم وزن تر) و رنگدانه کل (68/15 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم وزن تر) در تیمار FC 100% و کاربرد 2 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانو کلات روی مشهود بود. در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک با کاربرد تغذیه تکمیلی 2 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانوکود روی می‌توان کیفیت مطلوبی از Diggitalis purpurea. L انتظار داشت.
Considering the importance of the effect of drought stress and the role of zinc on growth characteristics of Digitalis purpurea, a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with 10 replications was conducted on Digitalis purpurea at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during at 2019. Drought stress treatments were carried out at two levels of 50 and 100 percent of field capacity and type of zinc fertilizer (at 7 levels of 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/L of zinc nano-chelate and 0.5, 1, and 2 g/L of zinc sulfate) as foliar sprays starting at the 5-leaf stage and repeated every 15 days. The results showed that foliar spraying with 2 mg/L of zinc nano fertilizer and no application of stress (FC 100%) zinc resulted in the highest leaf area (1300 mm2), height (24 cm), number of leaves (110), rosette stem diameter (48 mm) and flowering stem diameter (79.5 mm), crown diameter (30 mm) and corolla diameter (125 mm) of Digitalis purpurea. While applying 50% FC stress and no fertilizer application, the highest levels of carotenoids (3.8 μg/mg wet weight), phenols (6 μg/mg wet weight) and antioxidants (55%) were observed. However, the application of 2 mg/L of zinc nano fertilizer was able to prevent the increase in carotenoid, phenol, and antioxidant levels, and the highest levels of chlorophyll a (10.8 μg/mg wet weight), chlorophyll b (5.5 μg/mg wet weight), total chlorophyll (15.5 μg/mg wet weight), and total pigment (15.68 μg/mg wet weight) were evident in the 100% FC treatment and the application of 2 mg/L of zinc nano chelate. In arid and semi-arid regions, with the application of supplementary nutrition of 2 mg/liter of zinc nano fertilizer, one can expect good quality from Digitalis purpurea.
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