بررسی رابطه تعهد سازمانی با هوش هیجانی با رویکرد تفکر استراتژیک
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت صنعتیMahmud Mohammadi 1 , Mehdi Mortezavi 2 , Hossien Assadi 3 , Elham Vahedi 4
1 - Assistant Professor, Azad Islamic University, Central Tehran Branch, Management Department, Tehran
2 - Assistant Professor, High Institute of Education and Research in Management and Planning, Tehran
3 - MA in Executive Management, Azad Islamic University, Central Tehran Branch, Management Department, Tehran
4 - Executive Management Department, Alborz, Ghazvin
کلید واژه: Modeling, Organizational Commitment, Structural Equations, تفکر استراتژیک, مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری, Strategic Thinking, هوش هیجانی, تعهد سازمانی, Emotional intelligent,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه تفکراستراتژیک به عنوان یک عنصر بسیار مهم و ارزشمند در مدیریت‌های کلان درسازمانها و سیستم‌های کسب‌وکار مطرح می‌باشد. از دیدگاه کلی، تفکر استراتژیک یک بصیرت و فهم از وضعیت موجود و بهره‌برداری از فرصت‌ها است. مدیرانی که مجهز به قابلیت تفکر استراتژیک هستند قادرند سایر کارکنان را به یافتن راهکارهای خلاقانه برای موفقیت سازمان ترغیب کنند. از طرفی تعهد سازمانی یک نگرش مهم شغلی و سازمانی است که بر بهره مندی از حداکثر توانایی کارکنان و در نتیجه موفقیت سازمان تأثیرگذار می‌باشد. مرور ادبیات موضوعی در این زمینه نشان می دهد که در تحقیقات گوناگون، بیشتر بر جنبه های شناختی عملکرد کارکنان تأکید شده و متأسفانه تأثیر ابعاد هیجانی در تحقیقات رفتار سازمانی به طور وسیعی نادیده گرفته شده است؛ به طوری‌که توجه به متغیرهای هیجانی می‌تواند اختلاف نتایج اولیه در موضوعات رفتاری را تشریح کند. از این رو، مطالعه حاضر، که یک تحقیق توصیفی- پیمایشی و کاربردی است، کوشیده است از طریق آزمون معادلات ساختاری، میزان تأثیر هوش‌هیجانی را که شامل خودآگاهی، خودمدیریتی، آگاهی‌اجتماعی و مدیریت‌روابط است بر تعهد سازمانی که شامل تعهد عاطفی، تعهد هنجاری و تعهد مستمر می‌باشد، سنجیده و سپس با بررسی نقش تعدیلگری متغیر تفکر استراتژیک بر این رابطه، بر شواهد تجربی موجود بیافزاید. داده‌های مورد نیاز جهت سنجش مدل پژوهش با بکارگیری پرسشنامه استاندارد و از طریق جامعه آماری که شامل کارکنان سطوح مختلف یک سازمان می‌باشد، گردآوری شد. جهت تحلیل فرضیات پژوهش از روش مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری و همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون سلسله مراتبی بهره گرفته شد. نتایج بدست‌آمده از پژوهش حاضر، نشان‌دهنده نقش تعدیلگری تفکر استراتژیک بر ارتباط میان متغیرهای هوش هیجانی و تعهد سازمانی می‌باشد. همچنین شاخص‌های برازندگی بدست‌آمده برای مدل مفهومی پژوهش، از اعتبار بالای مدل در تبیین روابط میان متغیرها و مؤلفه‌های کلیدی حکایت می‌کند.
Nowadays, strategic thinking is recognized as a leading and valuable element in management science at organization and business systems. From a general point of view, strategic thinking is an insight and understanding from status quo and to taking advantage from opportunities. That class of managers that equip to strategic thinking capabilities are able to encourage others personnel to find the creative solution for the success of their organization. Organizational commitment is an important job and organizational attitude that affect in achieve to maximum capabilities of personnel and therefore organizational success. A review in the literature of this subject shows that in various researchers, more emphasis is on cognitive aspects of personal performance, and unfortunately, the effect of emotional aspects is ignored widely in organizational behavior researchers; so focus on emotional variables can explain initial result differences in the behavioral subject. This study is survey- explanatory and applied in nature. It attempts through the test, to appraise the level of emotional intelligence effect from Coleman (2001) opinion that includes self- awareness, self-management, social awareness and relational environment, on the organizational commitment from Allen and Miller (1991) opinion that include emotional commitment, norms commitment and continues commitment. Then with the study of adjustment role of strategic thinking variable on this relationship, accumulate in current empirical evidence. Necessary data for measuring research model is collected with a usage of a standard questioner and through the statistical population that includes staff from various levels of an organization. For analysis of research hypothesis, we used structural equations modeling and Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression. Also, fitness indexes obtained for research conceptual model, show that the model has a high credibility for explaining the relationship between key variables and components.
1- Ashforth, B. E. and Humphrey, R. H. (1995). Emotion in the Workplace: a Reappraisal, Human Relation, 48(2), 97-125.
2- Allen, N. J. & Meyer, J. P. (1996). Affective, Continuance, and normative Commitment to the Organization: An Examination of construed validity. Journal of Vocational behaviour, 49, 252-276.
3- Brown, B. (2003). Employs, Organizational commitment and their perception of supervisor's relation-oriented and task oriented leadership behaviour. Virginia polytechnic institution and state university.
4- Carmeli, A. (2003). The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes. Journal of managerial Psychology, 18, 788-813.
5- Castro, C. B. Armario, E. M. and Ruiz, D. M. (2004). The Influence of Employee Organizational Citizenship Behaviour on Customer Loyalty", International Journal of Service Industry Management, 15(1), 25-36.
6- Cooper, R. K. & Sawaf, A. (1997). Executive EQ: Emotional Intelligence in Leadership and Organizations", New York, NY: Grosset/Putnam.
7- Dyne, E. & Ang., F. (1998). Organizational Citizenship Behaviour of Contingent Workers in Singapore", Academy of Management Journal, 41(6), 692-703.
8- Freund, A. & Carmeli, A. (2004). The relationship between work commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour among lawyers in the private sector. The Journal of Behavioural and applied management, 5, (2).
9- Goleman, D. (2001). An EI-Based Theory of Performance", In Cheeriness, C. and Goleman, D. (Eds). The Emotionally Intelligent Workplace: How to select for, Measure, and Improve Emotional Intelligence in Individuals, Group, and Organizations, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 27-44.
10- Golman, D. & Cherniss, C. (2001). The emotionally intelligent work place: how to select for measure and importance emotional intelligence: www.Eiconsortium.org.
11- Guenzi, P. and Plloni, O. (2004). The Impact of Interpersonal Relationships on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty to the Service Provider, International Journal Of Service Industry Management, 15(4), 359-380.
12- Galloway, S; Groves, M. and Devonport, T. (2005). Emotional intelligence and friendship patterns among sport students. University of wolre Hompton.
13- Goleman, D. (1998). Working with emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books.
14- Hsnkhvyy, TV. (2005). Relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction inhibit Birjand school administrators, master's thesis, Chapnshdh, Al-Zahra University.
15- H. Begay, Rahim, (2005). Comparative assessment of emotional intelligence capabilities to enhance service delivery staff in the banking system, MS Thesis, unpublished, University of martyr Beheshti
16- Humble, Farida. (2006). The relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment and job satisfaction of employees and managers, Master's thesis, unpublished, Tehran: Islamic Azad University, Science and Research.
17- Hersay, p. & Blanchard, K. (1998). Management of organization Behaviour. Op, cit, 146.
18- Jordan, P.; Ashkanasy, N.; Hartel, C.; and Hooper, G. (2002), "Workgroup Emotional Intelligence: Scale Development and Relationship to Team Process Effectiveness and Goal Focus", Human Resource Management Review, 12(2), 195-214.
19- KH Javed, M., (2010). Shot reliability and validity of emotional intelligence in adolescents, PayanNamh MA, unpublished, Tarbiat Modarres University.
20- Podsakoff, P. M.; MaeKenzi, S. B.; Paine, J. B. and Bachrach, D.G. (2000). Organizational Citizenshipp Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and duggestions for Future Research", Journal of Management, 26, 513-563.
21- Petrides, K. v. and Furnham, A. (2006). The role of trait emotional intelligence in a gender specific model of organizational variables, university of London. Journal of applied social psychology, 36, 352.
22- Robbins, Astyfer, (2000). Organizational behaviour concepts, theory and application (translators and Syed Muhammad Ali Parsayyan Arabs), Volume II, Tehran: Cultural Research Bureau
23- Roepki, R. (2000). Aligning the IT and Human Resource with Business Vision: The Leadership Initiative at 3M", MIS Quarterly, 24, 32-54.
24- Riley, Derek. (2006). Turnover intentions: the mediation effects of job satisfaction, affective commitment and continuance commitment. The University of Waikato.
25- Salami, S O. (2004). Relationship of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy to work attitudes among secondary school teachers in south western/ Nigeria university of Ibadan Nigeria.
26- Woolridge, A. (2000). Come Back, Company Man!, New York Times Magazine, 25(12), 75-98.
27- Zadeh, Maryam. (2004). The study of organizational commitment Oil Refinery Company and its relation to their demographic features, MA Chapnshdh thesis, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran.
28- Zahraei, Anemone. (2005). The effects of some components of emotional intelligence on job satisfaction and productivity of employees and offshore facilities engineering, master's thesis, unpublished, University of Zahra.
_||_1- Ashforth, B. E. and Humphrey, R. H. (1995). Emotion in the Workplace: a Reappraisal, Human Relation, 48(2), 97-125.
2- Allen, N. J. & Meyer, J. P. (1996). Affective, Continuance, and normative Commitment to the Organization: An Examination of construed validity. Journal of Vocational behaviour, 49, 252-276.
3- Brown, B. (2003). Employs, Organizational commitment and their perception of supervisor's relation-oriented and task oriented leadership behaviour. Virginia polytechnic institution and state university.
4- Carmeli, A. (2003). The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes. Journal of managerial Psychology, 18, 788-813.
5- Castro, C. B. Armario, E. M. and Ruiz, D. M. (2004). The Influence of Employee Organizational Citizenship Behaviour on Customer Loyalty", International Journal of Service Industry Management, 15(1), 25-36.
6- Cooper, R. K. & Sawaf, A. (1997). Executive EQ: Emotional Intelligence in Leadership and Organizations", New York, NY: Grosset/Putnam.
7- Dyne, E. & Ang., F. (1998). Organizational Citizenship Behaviour of Contingent Workers in Singapore", Academy of Management Journal, 41(6), 692-703.
8- Freund, A. & Carmeli, A. (2004). The relationship between work commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour among lawyers in the private sector. The Journal of Behavioural and applied management, 5, (2).
9- Goleman, D. (2001). An EI-Based Theory of Performance", In Cheeriness, C. and Goleman, D. (Eds). The Emotionally Intelligent Workplace: How to select for, Measure, and Improve Emotional Intelligence in Individuals, Group, and Organizations, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 27-44.
10- Golman, D. & Cherniss, C. (2001). The emotionally intelligent work place: how to select for measure and importance emotional intelligence: www.Eiconsortium.org.
11- Guenzi, P. and Plloni, O. (2004). The Impact of Interpersonal Relationships on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty to the Service Provider, International Journal Of Service Industry Management, 15(4), 359-380.
12- Galloway, S; Groves, M. and Devonport, T. (2005). Emotional intelligence and friendship patterns among sport students. University of wolre Hompton.
13- Goleman, D. (1998). Working with emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books.
14- Hsnkhvyy, TV. (2005). Relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction inhibit Birjand school administrators, master's thesis, Chapnshdh, Al-Zahra University.
15- H. Begay, Rahim, (2005). Comparative assessment of emotional intelligence capabilities to enhance service delivery staff in the banking system, MS Thesis, unpublished, University of martyr Beheshti
16- Humble, Farida. (2006). The relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment and job satisfaction of employees and managers, Master's thesis, unpublished, Tehran: Islamic Azad University, Science and Research.
17- Hersay, p. & Blanchard, K. (1998). Management of organization Behaviour. Op, cit, 146.
18- Jordan, P.; Ashkanasy, N.; Hartel, C.; and Hooper, G. (2002), "Workgroup Emotional Intelligence: Scale Development and Relationship to Team Process Effectiveness and Goal Focus", Human Resource Management Review, 12(2), 195-214.
19- KH Javed, M., (2010). Shot reliability and validity of emotional intelligence in adolescents, PayanNamh MA, unpublished, Tarbiat Modarres University.
20- Podsakoff, P. M.; MaeKenzi, S. B.; Paine, J. B. and Bachrach, D.G. (2000). Organizational Citizenshipp Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and duggestions for Future Research", Journal of Management, 26, 513-563.
21- Petrides, K. v. and Furnham, A. (2006). The role of trait emotional intelligence in a gender specific model of organizational variables, university of London. Journal of applied social psychology, 36, 352.
22- Robbins, Astyfer, (2000). Organizational behaviour concepts, theory and application (translators and Syed Muhammad Ali Parsayyan Arabs), Volume II, Tehran: Cultural Research Bureau
23- Roepki, R. (2000). Aligning the IT and Human Resource with Business Vision: The Leadership Initiative at 3M", MIS Quarterly, 24, 32-54.
24- Riley, Derek. (2006). Turnover intentions: the mediation effects of job satisfaction, affective commitment and continuance commitment. The University of Waikato.
25- Salami, S O. (2004). Relationship of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy to work attitudes among secondary school teachers in south western/ Nigeria university of Ibadan Nigeria.
26- Woolridge, A. (2000). Come Back, Company Man!, New York Times Magazine, 25(12), 75-98.
27- Zadeh, Maryam. (2004). The study of organizational commitment Oil Refinery Company and its relation to their demographic features, MA Chapnshdh thesis, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran.
28- Zahraei, Anemone. (2005). The effects of some components of emotional intelligence on job satisfaction and productivity of employees and offshore facilities engineering, master's thesis, unpublished, University of Zahra.