نگرشی به خلأهای قانونی و چالش‌های اجرایی آرای محاکم در خصوص مطالبه اجرت‌المثل ایام زوجیت و راه‌های برون‌رفت
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق خصوصی
الهام نجفی
1
(دانشجوی دکترای مطالعات زنان گرایش حقوق زن در اسلام، دانشکده زن و خانواده، دانشگاه ادیان و مذاهب، قم،ایران.,)
جواد حبیبی تبار
2
(دانشیار، مدیر گروه فقه و حقق قضایی، جامعه المصطفی‌العالمیه، قم، ایران،)
اعظم خوش صورت موفق
3
(استادیار، دانشکده زن و خانواده، دانشگاه ادیان و مذاهب، قم، ایران.)
کلید واژه: رویه قضایی, اجرت‌المثل, محاکم خانواده, خلأهای تقنینی, چالش‌های اجرایی,
چکیده مقاله :
مسأله اساسی در پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی عملکرد محاکم خانواده در خصوص احکام صادره نسبت به اجرت‌المثل ایام زوجیت و رویه قضایی فعلی آن در نظام حقوقی ایران است. در این نوشتار سعی بر این است که رویه عملی موجود در دادگاه‌ها و نیز مبانی فقهی و قانونی مطالبه اجرت‌المثل ایام زوجیت مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار گیرد و ضمن بیـان نمونـه‌هـایی از آراء صـادره متعارض در محـاکم قضایی به ارزیابی و نقد استنادات قانونی و رویه قضایی موجود بپردازیم. چرا که وجود خلأها و ابهامات حوزه تقنین موجب عدم وحدت رویه در محاکم و بروز تشتت و صدور آرای متهافت از محاکم خانواده گردیده است. در این پژوهش نوع تحقیق، بنیادی و روش پژوهش توصیفی تحلیلی می‌باشد و از آنجا که رویه قضایی به عنوان یکی از منابع حقوق به‌شمار می‌رود، حتی‌المقدور سعی شده است علاوه بر معرفی رویه فعلی، به‌عنوان شاهد مثال به برخی احکام متهافت از دادگاه‌های خانواده که بصورت اتفاقی انتخاب شده، استناد شود و دادنامه‌های صادره در این زمینه مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گیرد و نتیجتاً با تصویب و تفسیر قوانین مرتبط با اجرت‌المثل و صدور رأی وحدت رویه در موضوعاتی که آرای متعارض صادر شده می‌توان چالش‌های اجرایی را به حداقل رساند.
The main issue in the current research is to evaluate the performance of family courts regarding the judgments issued regarding the marriage allowance and its current judicial procedure in Iran's legal system. In this article, an attempt is made to analyze and examine the existing practical procedure in the courts as well as the jurisprudential and legal foundations of the demand for marital alimony, and also to express examples of conflicting opinions issued in the judicial courts to evaluate and criticize the legal citations and the existing judicial procedure. Because the existence of loopholes and ambiguities in the field of legislation has caused the lack of uniformity of procedure in the courts and the emergence of confusion and the issuing of mixed opinions from the family courts. In this research, the type of research is basic and the research method is descriptive and analytical, and since judicial procedure is considered as one of the sources of law, it has been tried as much as possible, in addition to introducing the current procedure, as a witness, some joint rulings from the family courts, which are randomly selected, to be cited and the decrees issued in this field should be analyzed, and as a result, by approving and interpreting the laws related to reciprocity and issuing unanimity votes in issues where conflicting opinions have been issued, implementation challenges can be minimized.
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