• Home
  • Evaluation of heavy metal contamination in soil and water resources around Taknar copper mine (NE Iran)

Share To

Article Url


Manuscript ID : IJES-2002-1446 (R2) Visit : 157 Page: 212 - 222

10.30495/ijes.2020.675578

Article Type: Original Research

Evaluation of heavy metal contamination in soil and water resources around Taknar copper mine (NE Iran)

Subject Areas : Mineralogy

Mahsa Khosaravi 1 , saeed saadat 2 , Rahim Dabiri 3

1 - Department of Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2 - Department of Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3 - Department of Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

Received: 2020-02-23 Accepted : 2020-09-10 Published : 2020-07-01

Keywords: Heavy metal, NE Iran, pollution, soil, Taknar Copper Mine, Water,

Abstract :

The study area is located in North Eastern Iran, near Taknar copper deposit where exploration, extraction and processing operations are ongoing. The purpose of this study is to understand the geochemical effects of mining activities in Taknar area and to evaluate the contamination of soil and water resources with heavy metals. The results of pollution indices such as CF, Igeo and EF and multivariate (geo)statistical analysis indicate anthropogenic source for Cu and Se elements, mostly related to mining and mineral processing activities, natural origin of Cr, Ni and Co and both anthropogenic and natural origin for Zn, Pb, Cd, As, Sb and Mo elements. The results also indicate the water and soil of the flotation plant and mining tunnels can be harmful. Fortunately, the water resources used by the staff, downstream aqueduct of the mine and the water of the villages in the south of the mine are free of contaminated elements.

References:


  1. Angelone M, Bini C (1992) Trace elements concentrations in soil and plants of Western Europe, In: Adriano DC (ed), Biogeochemistry of Trace Metals CRC Press 31-72.
    2.
  2. Arun Kumar G, Sankara Pitchaiah P, Sudhakar G, Swarnalatha G (2015) Physico-Chemical analysis of selected groundwater samples of Inkollu Mandal, Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh, India, Journal of Engineering Research and Applications 5(4):65-70.
    3.
  3. Balls P, Hull S, Miller B, Pirie J, Proctor W (1997) Trace metal in Scottish estuarine and coastal sediments, Marine Pollution Bulletin 34(1):42–50.
    4.
  4. Barbieri M, Nigro A, Sappa G (2015) Soil contamination evaluation by Enrichment Factor (EF) and Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Senses and Sciences 2 (3): 94-97.
    5.
  5. Barbieri M, Sappa G, Vitale S, Parisse B, Battistel M (2014) Soil control of trace metals concentrations in landfills: A case study of the largest landfill in Europe, Malagrotta, Rome, Journal of geochemical exploration 143:146–154.
    6.
  6. Bhuiyan MA, Parvez L, Islam MA, Dampare SB (2010) Heavy metal pollution of coal mine-affected agricultural soils in the northern part of Bangladesh, Journal of Hazardous Materials 173(1-3):384-392.
    7.
  7. Blaser P, Zimmermann S, Luster J, Shotyk W (2000) Critical examination of trace element enrichments and depletions in soils: As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in Swiss forest soils, Science of the Total Environment 249 (1-3): 257-280.
    8.
  8. Daskalakis KD, O’Connor TP (1995) Normalization and elemental sediment contamination in the Coastal United States, Environmental Science & Technology 29(2):470–477.
    9.
  9. Emmerson RHC, O'Reilly-Wiese SB, Macleod CL, Lester JN (1997) A multivariate assessment of metal distribution in intertidal sediments of the Blackwater Estuary, UK, Marine Pollution Bulletin 34: 960–968.
    10.
  10. Foth HD (1990) Fundamentals of soil science, 8th edition. Wiley, New York.
    11.
  11. Ghoorchi Rooki M (2003) Mineralogical, geological and geochemical investigation of Taknar polymetallic ore deposits, M.Sc. thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 270 p. (in Persion).
    12.
  12. Ghrefat HA, Abu-Rukah Y, Rosen MA (2011) Application of geoaccumulation index and enrichment factor for assessing metal contamination in the sediments of Kafrain Dam, Jordan, Environmental monitoring and assessment 178(1-4): 95-109.
    13.
  13. Gray NF (1997) Environmental impact and remediation of acid mine drainage: a management problem, Environmental Geology 30 (1-2):62-71.
    14.
  14. Guo K, Liu YF, Zeng C, Chen YY, Wei XJ (2014) Global research on soil contamination from 1999 to 2012: A bibliometric analysis, Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B Soil & Plant Science 64(5):377-391.
    15.
  15. Guo Y, Huang C, Pang J, Zha X, Li X, Zhang Y (2014) Concentration of heavy metals in the modern flood slackwater deposits along the upper Hanjiang River valley, China, Catena 116:123-31.
    16.
  16. Gyamfi E, Appiah-Adjei EK, Adjei KA (2019) Potential heavy metal pollution of soil and water resources from artisanal mining in Kokoteasua, Ghana, Groundwater for Sustainable Development 8:450–456.
    17.
  17. Jiang DZ, Teng EJ, Liu YL (1996) The contribution of difference on the element background values in soils and the analysis of variance of single factor on soil groups, Environmental Monitoring In China 2: 21-24.
    18.
  18. Sharmila J, Rajeswari R (2015) A study on physico-chemical characteristics of selected ground water samples of Chennai City, Tamil Nadu, Third National Conference on Advances in Chemistry, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 4(1): 95-100.
    19.
  19. Kabata-Pendias A, Mukherjee AB (2007) Trace elements from soil to human, Springer Science & Business Media 550 p.
    20.
  20. Kabata-Pendias A, Pendias H (1999) Biogeochemistry of trace elements, 2nd ed., Pwn, Warszawa, 400 p.
    21.
  21. Lee CL, Fang MD, Hsieh MT (1998) Characterization and distribution of metals in surficial sediments in Southwestern Taiwan, Marine Pollution Bulletin 36: 464–471.
    22.
  22. Liang Y, Yi X, Dang Z, Wang Q, Luo H, Tang J (2017) Heavy metal contamination and health risk assessment in the vicinity of a tailing pond in Guangdong, China, International journal of environmental research and public health 14(12), 1557p.
    23.
  23. Likuku AS, Mmolawa KB, Gaboutloeloe GK (2013) Assessment of heavy metal enrichment and degree of contamination around the copper-nickel mine in the Selebi Phikwe region, eastern Botswana, Environment Ecological Researches 1(2): 32–40.
    24.
  24. Loring D (1990) Lithium a new approach for the granulometric normalization of trace metal data, Marine Chemistry 29:155–168.
    25.
  25. Martin JM, Whitfield M (1983) The significance of the river input of chemical elements to the ocean. In: Wong CS, Boyle E, Brul KW, Burton JD, Goldberg ED (Eds.), Trace Metals in Sea Water, Plenum Press, New York, 265–296.
    26.
  26. Muller G (1969) Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River, Geojournal 2:108–118.
    27.
  27. Muller G (1979) Schwermetalle in den sediments des Rheins-Veranderungen Seitte, Umschau Wissensch Tech 79:778–783.
    28.
  28. Muller R, Walter R (1983) Geology of precambarian– Paleozoic Taknar inliers northwest of kashmar, khorasan province, NE Iran, Gelogical Suervey of Iran Report 51: 165-183.
    29.
  29. Navarro MC, Pérez-Sirvent C, Martínez-Sánchez MJ, Vidal J, Tovar PJ, Bech J (2008) Abandoned mine sites as a source of contamination by heavy metals: a case study in a semi-arid zone, Journal of Geochemical exploration 96(2-3):183-93.
    30.
  30. Niloufar A, (2007) Evaluation of chemical-environmental distribution of heavy metals in river sediments and water resources of Taknar area (Bardaskan), M.Sc. thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (in Persian).
    31.
  31. Parvaresh M, Saadat S (2012) Applied remedition techniques for environmental pollutants, First Edition, Sokhan Gostar Publications, Mashhad, 216 p. (in Persion).
    32.
  32. Pinto MM, Silva MM, Neiva AM (2004) Pollution of water and stream sediments associated with the Vale De Abrutiga Uranium Mine, Central Portugal, Mine Water and the Environment 23(2):66-75.
    33.
  33. Pourret O, Hursthouse A (2019) It’s time to replace the term “heavy metals” with “potentially toxic elements” when reporting environmental research, International journal of environmental research and public health 16(22):4446.
    34.
  34. Razo I, Carrizales L, Castro J, Díaz-Barriga F, Monroy M (2004) Arsenic and heavy metal pollution of soil, water and sediments in a semi-arid climate mining area in Mexico, Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 152 (1-4): 129-52.
    35.
  35. Rybicka EH (1996) Impact of mining and metallurgical industries on the environment in Poland, Applied Geochemistry 11(1-2):3–9.
    36.
  36. Shahrabi M, Hosseini M, Shabani K (2006) Geological Map of Bardaskan, scale 1:100000, Geological Survey of Iran.
    37.
  37. Sutherland RA, Tolosa CA, Tack FMG, Verloo MG (2000) Characterization of selected element concentrations and enrichment ratios in background and anthropogenically impacted roadside areas, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 38: 428-438.
    38.
  38. Taylor SR (1964) Abundance of chemical elements in the continental crust: a new table, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 28(8):1273–1285.
    39.
  39. Turekian KK, Wedepohl  KH (1961) Distribution of the elements in major units of the, Earth, Geological Society of America Bulletin 72: 175-192.
    40.
  40. USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) (1996) Soil Survey Investigations, Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual, Washington DC, 3(42):46-48.
    41.
  41. Verner JF, Ramsey MH, Helios-Rybicka E, Jedrzejczyk B (1996) Heavy metal contamination of soils around a PbZn smelter in Bukowno, Poland, Applied Geochemistry 11(12):11–16.
    42.
  42. World Health Organisation (2017) Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality: Fourth Edition Incorporating the First Addendum. WHO, Geneva.
    43.

Related articles

The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024

Home| Login| About Us| Contact Us|
[فارسی] [العربية] [fa] [ar]