Influence of Body Condition Score on Yield and Composition of Milk in Crossbred Dairy Cows

Subject Areas : Camel

م.ای. حسین ¹ , تی. چندا ² , جی.کا. دبناث ³ , م.م. حسن ⁴ , آ.اچ. شایکات ⁵ , م.آ. هکو ⁶

1 - Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
2 - Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
3 - Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
4 - Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
5 - Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh
6 - Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University, Khulshi, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Received: 2013-09-27 Accepted : 2013-11-16 Published : 2015-06-01

Keywords: body condition score, crossbred dairy cow, milk composition, milk yield,

Abstract :

The study was carried out for a period of 150 days on 120 Holstein Friesian crossbred dairy cows between mid to late lactation to quantify the influence of body condition score (BCS) on yield and composition of milk. Total 12 dairy farms having same housing systems and holding at least 20 crossbred dairy cows per farm between mid to late lactation were selected for this study purposes. BCS of individual cows was recorded in a 1-5 scale. Milk samples were collected from individual cow. Samples collected from cows having same BCS were mixed together to make composite sample. Chemical analyses of the samples were carried out in triplicate for fat, protein, lactose, ash, total solids (TS) and solids not fat (SNF). Results indicated that, BCS significantly (P<0.05) affected milk yield, milk fat and ash content in crossbred Holstein Friesian dairy cows. Highest milk yield (13.45±1.80 kg/day) was recorded with moderate BCS (3.00) followed by lower (2.75 to 2.25) and higher (3.25 to 4.00). Milk protein, lactose, TS, SNF and specific gravity (SG) increased non significantly (P>0.05) with increasing BCS up to 4.0. Correlation coefficient matrix indicated that BCS was negatively correlated with milk yield. However, there was a positive relationship of BCS with milk protein, lactose, TS, SNF and SG even though the strength of association was variable.

References:

Aeberhard K., Bruckmaier R.M. and Blum J.W. (2001). Metabolic, enzymatic and endocrine status in high-yielding dairy cows. J. Vet. Med. 48, 111-127.
Agenas S., Burstedt E. and Holtenius K. (2003). Effects of feeding intensity during the dry period. 1. Feed intake, body weight and milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 86, 870-882.
Andrew S.M., Waldo D.R. and Erdman R.A. (1994). Direct analysis of body composition of dairycows at three physiological stages.J. Dairy Sci. 77, 3022-3033.
AOAC. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis. Vol. I. 15^th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
Banos G., Brotherstone S. and Coffey M.P. (2004). Evaluation of body condition score measured throughout lactation as an indicator of fertility in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 2669-2676.
Berry D.P., Buckley F., Dillon P., Evans R.D., Rath M. and Veerkamp R.F. (2003). Genetic relationships among body condition score, body weight, milk yield and fertility in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 86, 2193-2204.
Berry D.P., Macdonald K.A., Stafford K., Matthews L. and Roche J.R. (2007). Associations between body condition score, body weight and somatic cell count and clinical mastitis in seasonally calving dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 90, 637-648.
Block E. (1984). Manipulating dietary anions and cations for prepartum dairy cows to reduce incidence of milk fever. J. Dairy Sci. 67, 2939-2948.
Broster W.H. and Broster V.J. (1998). Body score of dairy cows. J. Dairy Res. 65, 155-173.
Buckley F., Dillon P., Rath M. and Veerkamp R.F. (2000). The relationship between genetic merit for yield and live weight, condition score, and energy balance of spring calving Holstein Friesian dairy cows on grass based systems of milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 83, 1878-1886.
Coffey M.P., Simm G. and Brotherstone S. (2002). Energy balance profiles for the first three lactations of dairy cows estimated using random regression. J. Dairy Sci. 85, 2669-2678.
Domecq J.J., Skidmore A.L., Lloyd J.W. and Kaneene J.B. (1997). Relationship between body condition scores and milk yield in a large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows.J. Dairy Sci. 80, 101-112.
Edmonson  A.J., Lean I.J., Weaver L.D., Fmer T. and Webster G. (1989). A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 72, 68-78.
Ferguson J.D., Galligan D.T. and Thomsen N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition in Holstein dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci.77, 2695-2703.
Flamenbaum I., Wolfenson D., Kunz P.L., Maman M. and Berman A. (1995). Interactions between body condition at calving and cooling of dairy cows during lactation in summer. J. Dairy Sci. 78, 2221-2229.
Gallo L., Carnier P., Cassandro M., Mantovani R., Bailoni L., Contiero B. and Bittante G. (1996). Change in body condition score of Holstein cows as affected by parity and mature equivalent milk yield. J. Dairy Sci. 79, 1009-1015.
Garnsworthy P.C. (2007). Body condition score in dairy cows: targets for production and fertility Pp. 61-86 in Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition-2006. P.C. Garnsworthy and J. Wiseman, Eds. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.
Garnsworthy P.C. and Jones G.P. (1987). The influence of body condition at calving and dietary protein supply on voluntary food intake and performance in dairy cows.Anim. Prod. 44, 347-353.
Garnsworthy P.C. and Topps J.H. (1982). The effect of body condition of dairy cows at calving on their food intake and performance when given complete diets.Anim. Prod. 35, 113-119.
Gillund P., Reksen O., Grohn Y.T. and Karlberg K. (2001). Body condition related to ketosis and reproductive performance in Norwegian dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84, 1390-1396.
Holter J.B., Slotnick M.J., Hayes H.H., Bozak C.K., Urban W.E. and Mc Gilliard M.L. (1990). Effect of prepartum dietary energy on condition score, postpartum energy, nitrogen partitions and lactation production responses.J. Dairy Sci. 73, 3502-3511.
Horan B., Dillon P., Faverdin P., Delaby L., Buckley F. and Rath M. (2005). The interaction of strain of Holstein-Friesian cows and pasture-based feed systems on milk yield, body weight, and body condition score. J. Dairy Sci. 88, 1231-1243.
Markusfeld O., Gallon N. and Ezra E. (1997). Body condition score, health, yield and fertility in dairy cows.Vet. Record. 141, 67-72.
Payne E., Trigg T.E., Rattray P.V., Nicoll G.B. and Smeaton D.C. (1979). The biochemical assessment of energy status in the grazing lactating ruminant. Pp. 233-241 in Proc. Soc. Anim. Prod. New Zealand.
Pedron O., Cheli F., Senatore E., Baroli D. and Rizzi R. (1993). Effect of body condition score at calving on performance, some blood parameters, and milk fatty acid composition in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76, 2528-2535.
Pryce J.E., Coffey M.P. and Simm G. (2001). The relationship between body condition score and reproductive performance. J. Dairy Sci. 84, 1508-1515.
Pryce J.E., Coffey M.P., Brotherstone S.H. and Woolliams J.A. (2002). Genetic relationship between calving interval and body condition score conditional on milk yield. J. Dairy Sci. 85, 1590-1595.
Roche J.R. (2003). Effect of pregnancy on milk production and body weight from identical twin study.J. Dairy Sci. 86, 777-783.
Roche J.R., Friggens N.C., Kay J.K., Fisher M.W., Stafford K.J. and Berry D.P. (2009). Invited review: body condition score and its association with dairy cow productivity, health and welfare. J. Dairy Sci. 92, 5769-801.
Roche J.R., Lee J.M., Macdonald K.A. and Berry D.P. (2007a). Relationships among body condition score, body weight and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90, 3802-3815.
Roche J.R., Macdonald K.M., Burke C.R. and Berry D.P. (2007b). Associations between body condition score, body weight and reproductive performance in seasonal-calving pasture-based dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 90, 376-391.
Ruegg P.L. and Milton R.L. (1995). Body condition scores of Holstein cows on Prince Edward Island; relationships with yield, reproductive performance and disease.J. Dairy Sci. 78, 552-564.
Stockdale C.R. (2001). Body condition at calving and the performance of dairy cows in early lactation under Australian conditions: a review. Australian J. Exp. Agric. 41, 823-839.
Treacher R.J., Reid I.M. and Roberts C.J. (1986). Effect of body condition at calving on the health and performance of dairy cows.Anim. Prod. 43, 1-6.
Veerkamp R.F. (1998). Selection for economic efficiency of dairy cattle using information on live weight and feed intake: a review. J. Dairy Sci. 81, 1109-1119.
Veerkamp R.F. and Brotherstone S. (1997). Genetic correlations between linear type traits, food intake, liveweight and condition score in Holstein Friesian cattle. Anim. Sci. 64, 385-392.
Waltner S.S., McNamara J.P. and Hillers J.K. (1993). Relationships of body condition score to production variables in high producing Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76, 3410-3419.
Wildman E.E., Jones G.M., Wagner P.E. and Bowman R.L. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65, 495-501.
Winer B.J., Brown R. and Michels K.M. (1991). Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. Mc Graw-Hill, New York.