Body Conformation Analysis through Biometric Traits in Borgou Cattle Breed Reared in on Station Conservation Farm in Northern Benin
Subject Areas : CamelH.S.S. Worogo 1 , U. Tchokponhoué 2 , Y. Idrissou 3 , A.S. Assani 4 , C.D.A. Alabi 5 , M. Azalou 6 , J.S. Adjassin 7 , I.T. Alkoiret 8
1 - Laboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Productions (LESPA), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
2 - Laboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Productions (LESPA), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
3 - Laboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Productions (LESPA), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
4 - Laboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Productions (LESPA), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
5 - Laboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Productions (LESPA), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
6 - Laboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Productions (LESPA), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
7 - Laboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Productions (LESPA), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
8 - Laboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Productions (LESPA), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
Keywords: principal component analysis, cattle, selection, Morphometry, Okpara,
Abstract :
With the view to study the body conformation in Borgou cattle breed, sixteen morphometric measurements were taken on 108 adult Borgou cattle reared at the Okpara breeding farm. The measured body parts were then subjected to a principal component analysis with Varimax rotation of the transformation matrix. The phenotypic correlation coefficients, mostly positive and significant, varied from -0.03 (canon perimeter and rump length) to 0.89 (back height and heigth at sacrum). Three components explaining 83% of the total variation were extracted. The first component explaining 35% of the total variation consisted of back height, height at withers, tail length, head width, rump length, pelvic width, head length, thurl width and canon perimeter in Borgou cattle. The second component (26% of the total variation) was influenced by hip width, body length and chest girth while the third component (22% of the total variation) highlighted the height at sacrum, shoulder width, distance between head until the ischium and chest width. The high values of the communalities (0.73 to 0.93) showed that the measurements strongly contributed to explain body conformation in Borgou cattle. The extraction of these three components can provide the basis for breeding and genetic improvement programs in Borgou cattle.
Banerjee S., Ahmed M.B. and Tefere G. (2014). Studies on morphometrical traits of Boran bulls reared on two feedlots in Southern Ethiopia. Anim. Genet. Res. 54, 53-63.
Boujenane I. (2015). Multivariate characterisation of oulmes zaer and tidili cattle using the morphological traits. Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 5(2), 293-299.
Congo R.C., Capote C.B., Martínez A.G., Falquez O.C., Jurado J.M.L., Reyes J.M.A. and Martínez A.G. (2019). Biometric study of Criollo Santa Elena Peninsula cattle (Ecuador). Rev. Mex. Cienc. Pecu. 10(4), 819-836.
FAO. (2011). Guidelines to Phenotypic Characterization of Animal Genetic Resources, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy.
Johnson R.A. and Wichern D.W. (1982). Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA.
Khargharia G., Kadirvel G., Kumar S., Doley S., Bharti P.K. and Mukut D. (2015). Principal component analysis of morphological traits of Assam hill goat in eastern Himalayan India. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 25(5), 1251-1258.
Mwai O., Hanotte O., Kwon Y.J. and Cho S. (2015). African indigenous cattle: Unique genetic resources in a rapidly changing world. Asian Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 28(7), 911-921.
Parés P.M. (2009). Zoometría. Pp. 171-198. in Valoración Morfológica de los Animales Domésticos. C. Sañudo, Ed. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino, Madrid, España.
Parés-Casanova P.M., Sinfreu I. and Villalba D. (2013). Application of varimax rotated principal component analysis nin quantifying some zoometrical traits of a relict cow. Korean J. Vet. Res. 53(1), 7-10.
Popoola M.A. (2015). Zootechnical index analysis of West African Dwarf Rams in Southwestern Nigeria. Agric. Trop. Subtrop. 48(21), 24-29.
Pundir R.K., Singh P.K., Singh K.P. and Dangi P.S. (2011). Factor analysis of biometric traits of Kankrej cows to explain body conformation. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 24(4), 449-456.
Putra W.P.B., Said S. and Arifin J. (2020). Principal component analysis (pca) of body measurements and body indices in the Pasundan cows. BSJ. Agric. 3(1), 49-55.
R Core Team. (2019). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Silva-Jarquin J.C., Román-Ponce S.I., Durán-Aguilar M., Vera-Ávila H.R., Cambrón-Sandoval V.H. and Andrade-Montemayor H.M. (2019). Morphostructural characterization of the Black Creole goat raised in Central Mexico, a Currently Threatened Zoogenetic Resource. Animals. 9, 459-465.
Tolenkhomba T.C., Konsam D.S., Singh N.S., Prava M., Singh Y.D., Ali M.A. and Motina E. (2012). Factor analysis of body measurements of local cows of Manipur, India. Int. Multidis-ciplin. Res. J. 2(2), 77-82.
Traoré A., Koudandé D.O., Fernández I., Soudré A., Álvarez I., Diarra S., Diarra F., Kaboré A., Sanou M., Tamboura H.H. and Goyache F. (2016). Multivariate characterization of morphological traits in West African cattle sires. Arch. Anim. Breed. 59, 337-344.
Traoré A., Koudandé D.O., Fernández I., Soudré A., Granda V., Álvarez I., Diarra S., Diarra F., Kaboré A., Sanoua M., Tamboura H.H. and Goyache F. (2015). Geographical assessment of body measurements and qualitative type traits in West African cattle. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 47, 1505-1513.
Verma D., Sankhyan V., Katoch S. and Thakur Y.P. (2015). Principal component analysis of biometric traits to reveal body confirmation in local hill cattle of Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh. India Vet. World. 8(12), 1453-1457.
Vohra V., Niranjan S.K., Mishra A.K., Jamuna1 V., Chopra A., Neelesh S. and Dong Kee J. (2015). Phenotypic characterization and multivariate analysis to explain body conformation in lesser known buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from North India. Asian Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 28(3), 311-317.
Worogo S.S.H., Idrissou R., Assani S.A., Alabi C.D.A., Adjassin S.J., Azalou M., Idrissou Y., Assogba B.G.C. and Alkoiret I.T. (2019a). Towards community-based in situ conservation strategies: A typological analysis of Borgou cattle herding systems in northeastern Benin. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 52(3), 1055-1064.
Worogo S.S.H., Idrissou R., Assani S.A., Alabi C.D.A., Adjassin S.J., Azalou M., Idrissou Y., Youssao A.K.I. and Alkoiret I.T. (2019b). Review of current knowledge in the Benin native Borgou cattle breed. Gen. Biodiv. J. 3(2), 17-31.
Yakubu A. (2010). Path coefficient and path analysis of body weight and biometric traits in Yankasa lambs. Slovak J. Anim. Sci. 43, 17-25.
Yakubu A., Ogah D.M. and Idahor K.O. (2009). Principal component of the morphostructural indices of white Fulani cattle. Trakia J. Sci. 7(2), 67-73.
Youssao A.K.I., Dahouda M., Attakpa E.Y., Koutinhouin G.B., Ahounou G.S., Toleba S.S. and Balogoun B.S. (2013). Diversité des systèmes d’élevages de bovins de race bovine Borgou dans la zone soudanienne du Bénin. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 7(1), 125-146.