نقش مدیریت هوشمند در برنامه‌ریزی کالبدی شهر برای کاهش آثار زمین لرزه

محورهای موضوعی : شهرسازی

اسماعیل شیعه ¹ , کیومرث حبیبی ² , مهران احسانی ³

1 - استاد شهرسازی، دانشکده شهرسازی و معماری، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.
3 - د‌‌‌‌‌‌‌کتری شهرسازی ، د‌‌‌‌‌‌انشکد‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌ه معماری و شهرسازی ، د‌‌‌‌‌‌انشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1348/10/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1348/10/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1348/10/11

کلید واژه: زمین‌لرزه, برنامه‌ریزی کالبدی, شهر هوشمند, مدیریت هوشمند, تصمیم‌گیری هوشمند,

چکیده مقاله :

ارزیابی و پایش برنامه‌های مدیریت خطرپذیری از شاخص‌های مدیریت هوشمند شهری است. در این تحقیق ضمن تأکید بر الزامات شهر هوشمند، به نقش کلیدی مدیریت هوشمند در پشتیبانی از تصمیم‌گیری برای پیشگیری، آمادگی و کاهش خطرپذیری کالبدی یک شهر برای زمین‌لرزه اشاره می‌گردد. روش مطالعه از نوع کتابخانه‌ای و شامل گردآوری اطلاعات و سوابق موضوع، غربالگری، دسته‌بندی و تحلیل توصیفی می‌باشد. بدین منظور از مفهوم پشتیبان تصمیم‌گیری هوشمند استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد با اعمال مدیریت هوشمند و به کارگیری فنآوری‌های نوین میزان مخاطرات زمین‌لرزه کاهش می‌یابد. شیوه‌های سنتی از انعطاف‌پذیری، خوداصلاحی و تطابق‌پذیری لازم برای مواجهه کارآمد با زمین‌لرزه برخوردار نیستند. کارآمدی الگوی مدیریت هوشمند از طریق مداخله در نظام برنامه‌ریزی کالبدی شهر مستلزم بهره‌مندی از سامانه‌های هوشمند اطلاع‌رسانی وقوع زمین‌لرزه و پایش زیرساخت‌های شهر است که می‌توان با طراحی سامانه‌ای، میزان مداخله‌پذیری مدیریت شهری را به صورت هوشمندانه در یک شهر و قبل از وقوع زمین‌لرزه تعیین نمود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract Quantitative and qualitative Assessment and monitoring of risk managed planning and crisis management and their examining their effectiveness reveals need for intelligent urban management in terms of physical planning, especially management of natural disasters such as earthquake. Study of strong earthquakes happening in large urban areas that highlight positive effect of crisis management explicitly indicate an intelligent management model with regard to urban physical planning. Present modern cities with a large extent of complexity and intertwined network of connection under the umbrella of high-tech information technology as well as electronic technologies require a revision of traditional approaches together with creative intelligent management. This study not only emphasizes the necessity for the requirements of intelligent cities, including employing digital information systems versus analogue information and inevitability of updating as well as integrating urban physical data, but also elaborates the key role of intelligent management in supporting any kind of decision making in order to prevent, prepare for, and mitigate risk associated with physical fabric in a city in the event of earthquakes. The methodology employed in this study includes literature review, including gathering information and history of the field, screening of this information, and ultimately its categorization as well as descriptive analysis. To this end, theoretical fundamentals of intelligent decision support are taken into consideration. The results show that by employing intelligent management through incorporating physical planning along with modern technology into urban infrastructures, hazards of earthquakes can be mitigated. Using this management approach in urban physical planning is necessary due to rapid expansion of cities. Furthermore, other approaches lack flexibility, self correction, and adaptation required effectively and efficiently to cope with seismic crises. Efficiency of intelligent urban managing model through intervention in physical planning requires benefitting smart seismic-alarm systems and monitoring vital urban infrastructures, where the extent of intervention in urban management within urban physical fabric can be determined in an intelligent fashion and prior to occurrence of earthquakes. The application of intelligent management within the framework of physical planning is an efficient and excellent way of preventing, preparing, coping and relief and rebuilding a city against earthquake crises. Because using the concept of urban intelligent management, decision making for earthquake interventions to confront the earthquake has self-improvement capabilities, flexibility and adaptation to urban variable needs. In this model, an assessment of various urban criteria is undertaken to prevent, prepare and reduce the risk to earthquakes. An analysis of the relationship between physical planning and urban land use and the communication and infrastructure network with the degree of earthquake vulnerability is considered as one of the intelligent management policies in reducing vulnerability. So that any crisis decision, requires intelligent arrangements to support the continuous monitoring of indicators and self-improvement, supporting a variety of methods, replacing indices and creating productivity (flexibility) and supporting Establish future studies and adaptation at all times (adaptability), in order to finally identify the effective variables in the city's vulnerability and create the integrity between intelligent management of efficiency for prevention and preparedness against earthquakes.

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