مکان‌یابی پهنه‌های مناسب برای دفن بهداشتی پسماند شهری در تهران با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) و تکنیک تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره (MCDM)
محورهای موضوعی : کاربرد GIS&RS در برنامه ریزی
مرجان بدری
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هومن بهمن پور
2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی برنامه¬ریزی محیط¬زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران
کلید واژه: پسماند شهری, مکان‌یابی, تصمیم¬گیری چندمعیاره, سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی, تهران,
چکیده مقاله :
یکی از مهمترین مشکلات در جوامع بشری یافتن مکانی بهینه برای دفن بهداشتی انواع پسماندها است. هدف از این پژوهش، پهنه‌بندی عرصه‌های مناسب برای دفن بهداشتی پسماند شهری در تهران است. بدین منظور از تکنیک AHP و ابزار GIS استفاده شد. در ابتدا فهرست معیارهای موثر شناسایی شد و سپس نسبت به وزن‌دهی و اولویت‌بندی معیارها اقدام شد و در نهایت، لایههای اطلاعاتی در محیط GIS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که شش دسته معیار شامل فاصله از راههای ارتباطی، فاصله از آبراهه، نقاط بارشی، فاصله از گسل، شیب و کاربری اراضی در مکان‌یابی مراکز دفن پسماند موثر هستند. طبق مدلسازی صورت گرفته مشخص شد بیشترین وزن با مقدار 41/0 به لایه فاصله از راههای ارتباطی و کمترین وزن به لایه فاصله از مراکز فضای سبز با مقدار 036/0 اختصاص یافت. در نهایت مطابق با نقشه نهایی بدست آمده مشخص شد قسمتهای شمالغربی شهر تهران شامل منطقه 22 شهرداری بیشترین پتانسیل را جهت احداث مراکز دفن پسماند از خود نشان دادند.
One of the most important problems in human societies is finding an optimal location for sanitary landfill of various types of waste. The aim of this research is to zone suitable areas for sanitary landfill of municipal waste in Tehran. For this purpose, AHP technique and GIS tools were used. First, a list of effective criteria was identified, then the criteria were weighted and prioritized, and finally, the information layers were analyzed in the GIS environment. The results showed that six categories of criteria including distance from communication roads, distance from waterways, rainfall points, and distance from faults, slope, and land use are effective in locating waste landfill centers. According to the modeling, it was determined that the highest weight with a value of 0.41 was assigned to the layer of distance from communication roads and the lowest weight was assigned to the layer of distance from green space centers with a value of 0.036. Finally, according to the final map obtained, it was determined that the northwestern parts of Tehran, including the 22nd district of the municipality, showed the greatest potential for the construction of waste landfill centers.
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