مقایسه هوش پسر و دختر بر ابعاد کارآمدی خانواده

محورهای موضوعی : سلامت نوجوانان

علی رسولی فشتمی ¹ , تورج هاشمی نصرت آباد ^{2 *} , آذر کیامرثی ³ , عذرا غفاری ⁴

1 - . دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی تربیتی واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردبیل، ایران [e-mail]
2 - نویسنده مسئول، استاد تمام گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه تبریز، ایران (نویسنده مسئول) [e-mail]
3 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردبیل، ایران [e-mail]
4 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردبیل، ایران [e-mail]

تاریخ دریافت : 1402/02/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/02/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/06/01

کلید واژه: تست هوش ریون, خانواده, دانش¬آموز, دختر و پسر,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده مقدمه: آزمون هوشی ماتریس¬های پیش¬رونده ریون از آزمون¬های معتبر هوشی است که به منظور سنجش و اندازه-گیری هوش کلی استفاده می شود. این پژوهش جهت مقایسه هوش عمومی دانش¬آموزان دختر و پسر بر ابعاد کارآمدی خانواده و بر اساس هوش ریون کودکان انجام شده است. روش پژوهش: این پژوهش از نوع علی¬مقایسه ای و جامعه آماری کلیه دانش¬آموزان ابتدایی در سال تحصیلی 1400- 1399 بود. نمونه پژوهش 1643دانش¬آموز ابتدایی (808 نفر پسر و 835 نفر دختر) بود که با روش نمونه-گیری تصادفی خوشه¬ای از دو منطقه برخوردار و نیمه برخوردار انتخاب گردیدند. در این پژوهش از آزمون ماتریس-های پیشرونده رنگی ریون کودکان و بخش غیر¬کلامی آزمون استانفورد بینه ویراست 5 برای جمع¬آوری داده¬ها استفاده شد. داده¬های پژوهش با آزمون t مستقل و تحلیل واریانس چند راهه تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته¬ها: یافته¬ها نشان داد که بین هوش دختران و پسران در پایه¬های اول، دوم، سوم، چهارم و ششم تفاوت معنا-داری وجود ندارد اما تفاوت هوشی بین دختران و پسران پایه پنجم، با برتری پسران معنادار بود. هم¬چنین تفاوت معناداری بین میانگین نمره کل هوش دختران و پسران در پایه¬های تحصیلی وجود داشت. به عبارتی نمرات هوشی دانش¬آموزان در پایه¬های مختلف تفاوت معناداری داشت و با افزایش پایه که سن نیز افزایش پیدا می¬کرد، هوش نیز افزایش می¬یافت. نتیجه¬گیری: با بررسی پیشینه تحقیق مشخص شد که عوامل اجتماعی بویژه، خانواده می¬تواند تاثیری زیادی بر کارکردهای هوشی داشته باشد

چکیده انگلیسی:

© 2020 The Author(s). This work is published by family and health as an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Introduction: Raven's Progressive Matrices Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test is one of the valid intelligence tests that is used to measure general intelligence. This research was conducted to compare the general intelligence of male and female students on the dimensions of family efficiency and on the basis of children's Raven intelligence. Methods: The research method was causal-comparative and the statistical population was all elementary school students in Rasht city in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample of the study was 1643 elementary students (808 boys and 835 girls), who were selected by cluster random sampling from two privileged and semi-privileged areas. In this study, the children's Raven color matrix test and the non-verbal part of the Stanford Binet version 5 test were used to collect data. Research data were analyzed by independent t-test and multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the intelligence of girls and boys in the first, second, third, fourth and sixth grades, but the difference in intelligence between girls and boys in the fifth grade was significant, with the superiority of boys. There was also a significant difference between the mean total score of intelligence of girls and boys in educational levels. In other words, there was a significant difference in the intelligence scores of the students in different grades, and as the grade increased, the age also increased, so did the intelligence. Conclusion: By examining the background of the research, it was found that social factors, especially the family, could have a great impact on intellectual functions.

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